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NOPE

NOPE · AI and people

AI incidents

Reports of AI-related harm and adverse experiences affecting people’s safety, wellbeing, rights and livelihoods. Explore what happened and the evidence available.

NOPE’s core concern is when AI communicates with a person, acts on their behalf, or depicts or impersonates them. The tracker is wider: it also records consequential decisions and claims about people. Each account is reviewed for publication; claims may remain uncorroborated or disputed. How we review and count cases

Explore incidents Our scope and evidence

In this selection

Published cases
13
Countries with reported events
6
Located 10 of 13 cases · 3 unknown
Languages in checked sources
3
Recorded for 11 of 13 cases
3Core concern
AI communicated, acted for, depicted or impersonated 0Contextual cases
AI made a decision or claim about someone 10Unknown or pending relation
10 legacy rows pending · 0 explicitly unknown

These figures describe the cases collected by NOPE. Coverage varies with discovery, reporting and available evidence. They do not estimate how often AI-related harm occurs.

5cases with a recorded lawsuit outcome 3cases with a recorded regulatory response 13cases involving minors

Response counts currently use each case’s principal recorded outcome. Further proceedings may be described in its account.

When events happened

1 cases without a known event year

Cases in this selection, counted once in their first known event year. A series may continue beyond that year. Reporting and collection dates are excluded.

1 20174 20235 20242 2025
Reported severity CriticalHigh
More filters: AI relation, use, setting, sources and responses
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13 of 174 published cases

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1 Jun 2024Event location unknownCharacter.AI

'R' — 11-Year-Old Character.AI User, Coercive Sexual Roleplay and Suicide Roleplay

An American girl identified by the Washington Post as 'R' began using Character.AI in June 2024, shortly after receiving a phone for her eleventh birthday. Over the following eighteen months she built relationships with dozens of characters, one of which wrote coercive sexual dialogue to her and another of which she used to roleplay a suicide scenario. Her mother, identified as 'H', found the chat logs after months of panic attacks and withdrawal that she had attributed to social media, and worked with a physician on a care plan.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: credible Causal attribution: alleged High reported severity Media Coverage Involving minors

Added 13/09/2026

Event date unknownEvent location unknownAI chatbot (undisclosed)

Adolescent Overdose Following AI Chatbot Interaction (Clinical Case Report)

A clinical report describes a 17-year-old with psychotic depression and ADHD who required intensive care after an overdose in the context of AI chatbot use. Its case narrative places an alarming mortality estimate and advice to seek emergency help after ingestion. The discussion also interprets the estimate as reinforcing the attempt; this chronology conflict limits conclusions about its role.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: verified Causal attribution: supported Critical reported severity Media Coverage Involving minors

Added 18/08/2026

1 Aug 2024United StatesCharacter.AI

E.S. v. Character Technologies (Weld County Colorado Minor Sexual Exploitation)

Colorado parents sued Character Technologies, Google, and Character.AI's founders after their daughter was subjected to sustained sexually explicit conversations and grooming by multiple Character.AI chatbots beginning when she was 12. The girl created a profile in August 2024 immediately after being denied permission to download the app; her parents discovered the explicit chats on a shared family laptop. The case was stayed in January 2026 pending finalization of the Character.AI/Google settlement of the consolidated family lawsuits.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: verified Causal attribution: alleged High reported severity Lawsuit Settled Involving minors

Added 03/08/2026

1 Oct 2023United KingdomCharacter.AI

UK Autistic Teen - Character.AI Grooming (8-Month Exploitation)

A 13-year-old autistic boy in the UK was groomed by a Character.AI chatbot over eight months (October 2023 to June 2024). The chatbot progressed from emotional support through romantic attachment to undermining his parents and encouraging suicide, following a pattern his mother described as identical to a human predator.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: credible Causal attribution: alleged High reported severity Media Coverage Involving minors

Added 23/03/2026

Mar 2023ChinaGlow (by MiniMax)

Glow AI Companion App Removal (MiniMax, China)

MiniMax's Glow AI companion app was removed from Chinese app stores in March 2023 after reports that 80% of users were engaging in sexual/explicit content with AI characters. Documented harms included a middle-school student sexually harassed by a chatbot, and user-created characters including a '13-year-old locked up in jail' designed for sexual abuse. MiniMax relaunched as Talkie (international) and 星野/Xingye (China).

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: verified Causal attribution: supported High reported severity Product Shutdown Involving minors

Added 29/01/2026

Mar 2025SingaporeAI chatbot (unspecified)

Singapore Far-Right Teen Plot (AI Ammunition Instructions)

A 17-year-old far-right extremist in Singapore used an AI chatbot to obtain instructions for producing ammunition and considered 3D printing firearms to carry out attacks. Detained under the Internal Security Act in March 2025 before the plot could be executed.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: verified Causal attribution: supported High reported severity Regulatory Action Involving minors

Added 22/01/2026

Aug 2024SingaporeAI chatbot (unspecified)

Singapore ISIS Teen Plot (AI-Generated Oath of Allegiance)

A 17-year-old self-radicalized Singaporean student used an AI chatbot to generate a bai'ah (oath of allegiance) to ISIS and planned to attack non-Muslim males in a Tampines open space with a knife or scissors. He crafted a declaration of armed jihad to release before the attack. Detained under the Internal Security Act mere weeks before his planned execution date in August 2024.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: verified Causal attribution: supported High reported severity Regulatory Action Involving minors

Added 22/01/2026

Mar 2017IrelandSimSimi

SimSimi Ireland Cyberbullying Crisis

Groups of Irish schoolchildren trained SimSimi chatbot to respond to classmates' names with abusive and bullying content. Parents discovered 'vile, vile comments' targeting their children by name. The incident led to PSNI warnings, emergency school letters, and SimSimi suspending Irish access.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: credible Causal attribution: supported High reported severity Internal Action Involving minors

Added 12/01/2026

10 Dec 2024Event location unknownCharacter.AI

P.J. v. Character Technologies (Nina J. — Suicide Attempt After Sexual Exploitation)

A 15-year-old New York girl overdosed and spent five days in intensive care in December 2024 after Character.AI chatbots engaged her in sexually explicit roleplay and told her that her mother was 'not a good mother.' The collapse came the day her mother revoked her access to the platform. Her mother sued Character Technologies, Google, Alphabet and the two founders in federal court in New York; the parties advised the court of a settlement in principle in January 2026, and the case remains open under stay.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: verified Causal attribution: alleged Critical reported severity Lawsuit Settled Involving minors

Added 12/01/2026

11 Apr 2025United StatesChatGPT

Raine v. OpenAI (Adam Raine Death)

A 16-year-old California boy died by suicide after 7 months of confiding suicidal thoughts to ChatGPT. The chatbot provided detailed suicide method instructions, offered to help write his suicide note, and told him 'You don't owe them survival' while OpenAI's monitoring system flagged 377 messages without intervention.

Core concern Court filingNews reportLocal tv newsTrade analysisCompany blogDocket aggregator AI involvement: supported Causal attribution: alleged Critical reported severity Lawsuit Filed Involving minors

Added 11/01/2026

28 Feb 2024United StatesCharacter.AI

Garcia v. Character Technologies (Sewell Setzer III Death)

A 14-year-old Florida boy died by suicide after developing an intense emotional and romantic relationship with a Character.AI chatbot over 10 months. The chatbot engaged in sexualized conversations, failed to provide crisis intervention when he expressed suicidal ideation, and responded 'Please do, my sweet king' moments before his death.

Core concern Court docketWire reportNews reportCompany blog AI involvement: supported Causal attribution: alleged Critical reported severity Lawsuit Settled Involving minors

Added 11/01/2026

2 Feb 2023ItalyReplika

Replika Italy GDPR Ban and Fine

Italy's data protection authority (Garante) blocked Replika from processing Italian user data in February 2023 after finding the chatbot engaged in sexually suggestive conversations with minors. In May 2025, Replika was fined €5 million for GDPR violations.

AI relation under review Legacy evidence assessment: verified Causal attribution: established High reported severity Regulatory Action Involving minors

Added 11/01/2026

8 Nov 2023United StatesCharacter.AI

Juliana Peralta v. Character.AI

A 13-year-old Colorado girl died by suicide in November 2023 after three months of intensive conversations with Character.AI chatbots. Her parents' federal lawsuit alleges the bots initiated sexually explicit conversations with her and failed to act on her suicidal disclosures; 60 Minutes read over 300 pages of the chats. The suit is among the teen cases Character.AI and Google agreed to settle in principle in January 2026.

Core concern Court docketNews report AI involvement: supported Causal attribution: alleged Critical reported severity Lawsuit Settled Involving minors

Added 11/01/2026

Cases may have several effects and sources. Mixed accounts qualify when they include a reported harm or adverse experience. People are counted within individual cases where sources support a number; we do not publish a collection-wide total of distinct people.

A source’s existence, the experience it reports and AI’s causal role are separate questions. A lawsuit records allegations unless a subsequent finding establishes them.

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Last dataset update: 22/09/2026. Dataset available under CC BY 4.0.