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Failed Law AI Safety

CA SB 1047

California SB 1047 (Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier AI)

Would have required safety testing and "kill switch" capabilities for frontier AI models above certain compute thresholds. Governor vetoed citing concerns about threshold-based approach.

Jurisdiction

California

Enacted

Pending

Effective

TBD

Enforcement

TBD

Vetoed September 2024

CA Legislature

Why It Matters

Clearest US example of attempted frontier model safety regulation. Veto reasoning (prefer risk-based over size-based) may shape future attempts.

Recent Developments

Governor Newsom's veto message cited concerns that size-based thresholds were not risk-informed and could create false security.

At a Glance

Applies to

Foundation Model

Who Must Comply

  • Would have applied to frontier AI models exceeding compute thresholds

Obligations fall on:

Safety Provisions

  • Would have required: safety testing before deployment
  • Would have required: ability to shut down models
  • Would have required: third-party audits for largest models

View on map

California

Focus Areas

General regulation

Cite This

APA

California. (n.d.). California SB 1047 (Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier AI).

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Last updated January 22, 2026. Verify against primary sources before relying on this information.