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MD AADC

Maryland Age-Appropriate Design Code Act (Commercial Law § 14-4601 et seq.)

Maryland design code modeled on UK approach: applies to covered online products reasonably likely to be accessed by minors. Pushes privacy-by-default, risk assessment, limits on "materially detrimental" data practices.

Jurisdiction

Maryland

Enacted

Pending

Effective

Oct 1, 2024

Enforcement

Maryland Attorney General

Maryland General Assembly

Why It Matters

First US AADC to survive initial legal challenge. NetChoice lawsuit motion to dismiss denied Nov 24, 2025; law remains in effect.

Recent Developments

NetChoice filed First Amendment challenge (Feb 2025). Motion to dismiss denied Nov 2025. Outcome will shape viability of other state AADCs.

At a Glance

Applies to

Social PlatformOnline PlatformGaming PlatformGeneral ChatbotAI CompanionCharacter Chatbot Minors-focused

Harms addressed

Who Must Comply

  • Operators of covered online products reasonably likely to be accessed by minors (under 18) in Maryland

Safety Provisions

  • Must consider minors' best interests in design and operation
  • DPIA-style obligations for covered online products
  • Restrictions on processing data in ways materially detrimental to minors' physical/mental health or wellbeing
  • High privacy defaults; limits on collecting/using/sharing beyond necessity
  • Limits on dark patterns / manipulative design

Compliance & Enforcement

Key Dates

Oct 1, 2024

All provisions took effect

Penalties

$8K/violation

View on map

Maryland

Focus Areas

Mental health & crisis
Child safety
Algorithmic accountability
Active safeguards required

Compliance Help

Requires minors risk assessment / DPIA workflow, high-privacy defaults, proof that design choices are not materially detrimental to minors' wellbeing.

See how NOPE helps

Cite This

APA

Maryland. (2024). Maryland Age-Appropriate Design Code Act (Commercial Law § 14-4601 et seq.).

Related Regulations

Enacted US-VT

VT AADC

Vermont design code structured to be more litigation-resistant: focuses on data processing harms rather than content-based restrictions. AG rulemaking authority begins July 2025.

Pending US-FL

FL Companion AI Age Verification

Standalone bill requiring age verification for ALL users (adults and minors) before accessing companion AI chatbots. Requires user account creation, confidential age verification, notifications that user is interacting with AI, and specific actions when user is determined to be a minor including potential access blocking.

In Effect US-NE

NE AADC

Nebraska design code blending privacy-by-design with engagement constraints (feeds, notifications, time limits) aimed at reducing compulsive use.

Pending US-FL

FL Companion Chatbot Act

Regulates companion AI chatbots with emphasis on self-harm prevention and crisis intervention. Requires suicide/self-harm detection protocols, 988 crisis referrals, prohibition on chatbots discussing self-harm with users, and annual reporting on crisis interventions. Includes minor-specific protections including AI disclosure, break reminders, and prohibition on sexually explicit content.

In Effect US-OH

OH K-12 AI Mandate

First-in-nation mandate requiring all Ohio K-12 public schools to adopt formal AI usage policies by July 1, 2026. Ohio Department of Education and Workforce released model policy on December 30, 2025 covering academic integrity, procurement/privacy, and anti-bullying. Districts can adopt state model or create their own aligned policy.

Enacted US-NY

NY RAISE Act

Requires large AI developers of frontier models operating in New York to create safety protocols, report critical incidents within 72 hours, conduct annual reviews, and undergo independent audits. Creates dedicated DFS office funded by developer fees.

Last updated February 17, 2026. Verify against primary sources before relying on this information.