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In Effect Law Online Safety

TCO Regulation

Regulation (EU) 2021/784 (Terrorist Content Online)

Requires hosting services to remove terrorist content within one hour of receiving a removal order. One of few regulations with real-time moderation mandates.

Jurisdiction

European Union

Enacted

Apr 29, 2021

Effective

Jun 7, 2022

Enforcement

National competent authorities

EUR-Lex

Why It Matters

Rare example of mandated real-time content moderation. Sets precedent for rapid response requirements.

At a Glance

Applies to

Social PlatformOnline Platform

Harms addressed

Terrorism

Who Must Comply

  • Hosting service providers offering services in the EU

Obligations fall on:

Safety Provisions

  • One-hour removal deadline for terrorist content
  • Transparency and reporting obligations
  • Specific measures for exposed services

Compliance & Enforcement

Penalties

Up to 4% of global turnover for systematic or persistent failure to remove terrorist content within 1 hour. Seven factors determine penalty level including nature/gravity, intentionality, cooperation, and provider size.

View on map

European Union

Focus Areas

Active safeguards required

Compliance Help

Requires real-time or near-real-time content detection to meet one-hour removal deadline; 24/7 response capability; automated flagging systems (manual review alone cannot meet timeline).

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Cite This

APA

European Union. (2021). Regulation (EU) 2021/784 (Terrorist Content Online).

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Last updated February 17, 2026. Verify against primary sources before relying on this information.