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DSA

Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 (Digital Services Act)

Comprehensive platform regulation with tiered obligations. VLOPs (45M+ EU users) face systemic risk assessments, algorithmic transparency, and independent audits.

Jurisdiction

European Union

EU

Enacted

Nov 16, 2022

Effective

Feb 17, 2024

Enforcement

European Commission (VLOPs); National Digital Services Coordinators

Who Must Comply

This law applies to:

  • • Digital intermediaries (tiered by size)
  • • Very Large Online Platforms (VLOPs): 45M+ EU monthly users
  • • Very Large Online Search Engines (VLOSEs)

Applicability thresholds:

45M EU users/month (VLOP)

VLOP

Systemic risk assessment, algorithmic transparency, independent audits

Who bears obligations:

Operator

Safety Provisions

  • • VLOPs must conduct systemic risk assessments including mental health impacts
  • • Algorithmic transparency: explain recommender parameters, offer non-profiling option
  • • Prohibition on targeted advertising to known minors
  • • Researcher data access requirements
  • • Independent annual audits

Compliance Timeline

Aug 25, 2023

VLOPs and VLOSEs compliance deadline

Feb 17, 2024

  • • Full application to all in-scope platforms
  • • Member state Digital Services Coordinators operational

Enforcement

Enforced by

European Commission (VLOPs); National Digital Services Coordinators

Penalties

6% revenue

Revenue %: 6%

Up to 6% of global annual turnover

Quick Facts

Binding
Yes
Mental Health Focus
Yes
Child Safety Focus
Yes
Algorithmic Scope
Yes

Why It Matters

Risk assessments must address negative effects on minors' mental wellbeing. First major enforcement actions demonstrate teeth.

Recent Developments

Dec 5, 2025: €120M fine on X for transparency violations (deceptive blue checkmarks €45M, ad transparency €35M, researcher access €40M). Active proceedings against TikTok, Meta, AliExpress.

What You Need to Comply

You need: systems to assess mental health risks from your platform; mechanisms to detect and mitigate illegal content; annual audits demonstrating your safeguards work

NOPE can help

Cite This

APA

European Union. (2022). Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 (Digital Services Act). Retrieved from https://nope.net/regs/eu-dsa

BibTeX

@misc{eu_dsa,
  title = {Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 (Digital Services Act)},
  author = {European Union},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://nope.net/regs/eu-dsa}
}

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