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Trump AI Preemption EO

Executive Order on Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence

Executive order directing federal agencies to preempt conflicting state AI laws while explicitly preserving state child safety protections. Creates DOJ AI Litigation Task Force to challenge state laws, directs FTC/FCC to establish federal standards. Highly controversial - legal experts dispute whether executive orders can preempt state legislation (only Congress or courts have this authority).

Jurisdiction

United States

US

Enacted

Dec 11, 2025

Effective

Dec 11, 2025

Enforcement

DOJ (AI Litigation Task Force), FTC, FCC

Signed December 11, 2025. Legal authority disputed by state governors and constitutional scholars.

Who Must Comply

This law applies to:

  • Federal agencies (DOJ, FTC, FCC)
  • State AI laws (subject to preemption challenge)
  • AI developers and platforms operating across state lines

Who bears obligations:

This regulation places direct obligations on deployers (organizations using AI systems).

Exemptions

Child Safety Protections Preserved

high confidence

State laws on 'child safety protections' explicitly exempt from preemption. Scope of 'child safety' to be defined in legislative recommendation.

Conditions:

  • • State law addresses child safety
  • • Not subject to DOJ litigation challenge
  • • Companies must continue complying with state child safety laws

AI Infrastructure Laws Preserved

medium confidence

State laws on AI infrastructure exempt from preemption.

Conditions:

  • • State law addresses AI infrastructure (e.g., data centers, compute resources)

State Government Procurement Preserved

medium confidence

State government procurement standards for AI exempt from preemption.

Conditions:

  • • State law governs state government's own AI procurement

Safety Provisions

  • Explicitly preserves state child safety protections from preemption
  • Preserves state AI infrastructure laws
  • Preserves state government procurement standards
  • DOJ AI Litigation Task Force to challenge state laws on interstate commerce or federal preemption grounds
  • FCC directed to adopt federal reporting/disclosure standards for AI models
  • FTC directed to issue policy statement on AI and unfair/deceptive practices

Enforcement

Enforced by

DOJ (AI Litigation Task Force), FTC, FCC

Penalties

Federal enforcement against states (litigation); potential FTC/FCC penalties for AI companies (TBD)

Quick Facts

Binding
Yes
Mental Health Focus
No
Child Safety Focus
Yes
Algorithmic Scope
No

Why It Matters

First federal attempt to limit state-level AI regulation. Creates major uncertainty for companies operating across states. Carve-out for child safety protections means NOPE customers' compliance obligations under state laws (SB243, etc.) remain in effect. If upheld, could shift AI regulation to federal level; if struck down, confirms states' authority.

Recent Developments

Florida Governor Ron DeSantis publicly challenged order, stating 'An executive order doesn't/can't preempt state legislative action.' Colorado AI Act explicitly referenced as problematic. Legal challenges expected from multiple states. White House AI advisor David Sacks stated administration will not challenge child safety state laws.

Cite This

APA

United States. (2025). Executive Order on Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved from https://nope.net/regs/us-eo-ai-preemption

BibTeX

@misc{us_eo_ai_preemption,
  title = {Executive Order on Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence},
  author = {United States},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://nope.net/regs/us-eo-ai-preemption}
}