{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-11-07T02:55:38.810Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"zhejiang","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"core","evidence":"","year":"2024","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":2,"coverage":{"cases":2,"countries":0,"languages":2,"unknownLocation":2,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":1,"regulatory":0,"minors":1,"coreRelations":2,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2024-hangzhou-internet-court-rules-skincare-seller-used-ai-face-swap-and-voice-synthesis-to-fake-beauty-bloggers-sales-videos","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'前不久，浙江杭州互联网法院审结了这起AI深度合成肖像权侵权案'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"CCTV News reported on 29 September 2026 that the Hangzhou Internet Court had recently concluded a portrait-rights case over AI deep synthesis brought by a beauty blogger against an online skincare-sales company.","causal_attribution":"Existence of the case as reported by the state broadcaster; no judgment text inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'通过AI合成技术，批量制作了30多条虚假带货视频'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"According to the report, from June 2024 the company, without the blogger's consent, took the blogger's published short videos and livestream footage and used AI synthesis to make more than 30 fake videos promoting its products.","causal_attribution":"Facts as found and reported; the AI synthesis is the direct cause of the fabricated videos."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'被告借助AI换脸、音画重组等深度合成技术，批量伪造博主'; '的带货视频，谋取商业利益，侵权主观过错明确，构成对原告'; '肖像权的侵害'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The court found that the company used AI face swap and the recombination of sound and image, layering several deep-synthesis techniques, to fabricate the videos for commercial gain, and that this infringed the blogger's portrait rights.","causal_attribution":"Court finding as reported; the court attributes the fabrication to AI deep synthesis."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'其中既有AI换脸，也包括其他深度合成，如头像画面以及声音音轨等组合方式'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"A judge's assistant at the court said the techniques included AI face swap and other deep synthesis combining a head image with sound tracks.","causal_attribution":"Court official's description of the AI techniques."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'庭审中，被告当庭认可视频为其合成发布，且未取得原告授权' ... '公司在收到诉讼材料后已主动下架全部侵权视频'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"In court the company acknowledged that it had synthesised and published the videos without the blogger's authorisation, but said staff made them out of fun and curiosity and that it took them all down after receiving the lawsuit papers.","causal_attribution":"Defendant's admission and defences as reported."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'综合酌定被告赔偿原告经济损失及维权费用15000元，赔偿原告精神损害赔偿金5000元，并判令被告在涉案平台显著位置刊登致歉声明、持续时间不得少于30日'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The court ordered the company to pay 15,000 yuan for economic loss and rights-protection costs and 5,000 yuan for emotional distress, and to publish an apology prominently on the platform concerned for at least 30 days.","causal_attribution":"Outcome as reported."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'两款涉案护肤品累计销量突破十万单，营业额高达740余万元' ... '证据不足以证明其因侵权行为造成的实际损失或被告某网络科技公司的获利情况'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The blogger claimed that the videos drew traffic to the company's shop and that the two products concerned sold more than 100,000 orders with turnover above 7.4 million yuan; the court found the blogger's evidence did not prove the blogger's actual loss or the company's profit.","causal_attribution":"Plaintiff's claim, with the court's finding that it did not prove loss or profit."}],"effects":[{"label":"likeness and voice synthesised into fake promotional videos without consent; court awarded emotional-distress compensation","claim_id":"c6","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://ipeconomy.cn/mobile/dongtai/11353.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read in Chinese by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-26; English renderings are the agent's own translation. ipeconomy.cn page stating its source as CCTV News (央视新闻), dated 29 Sep 2026, carrying the full report text; HTTP 200. The CCTV original was not located.","independence_group":"cctv-news-report-29-sep-2026"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","justice"],"unknowns":["The date of the judgment and whether either party appealed.","Which AI tools and which platform were used, and how long the videos stayed online.","The CCTV original and the judgment text were not inspected."],"geography":{"basis":"The case was decided by the Hangzhou Internet Court in Zhejiang, China, so CN is the court country. The report does not state where the company operated or published the videos or where the blogger lives, so no event or affected-person country is recorded from the court's seat.","court_countries":["CN"],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated): a Chinese court found that a skincare seller used AI face swap and voice synthesis to fabricate a beauty blogger's promotional videos without consent, the seller admitted making them, and the court awarded the blogger damages including compensation for emotional distress. The record rests on one relay of the CCTV News report; the blogger and company are not named.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-26"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The Hangzhou Internet Court, as reported by CCTV News, found that the company used AI face swap and the recombination of image and sound tracks to fabricate more than 30 videos in which the blogger appeared to recommend its skincare products, and the company acknowledged in court that it had synthesised and published the videos without the blogger's authorisation. The court found that this infringed the blogger's portrait rights and awarded the blogger compensation including 5,000 yuan for emotional distress. The AI tools are not identified.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Hangzhou Internet Court rules a skincare seller used AI face swap and voice synthesis to fake a beauty blogger's sales videos, awarding damages","summary":"A CCTV News report of 29 September 2026 says the Hangzhou Internet Court in Zhejiang recently concluded a portrait-rights case brought by a beauty blogger. According to the report, from June 2024 an online skincare-sales company, without the blogger's consent, took short videos and livestream footage the blogger had published and used AI synthesis to make more than 30 fake videos in which the blogger appeared to promote its products. The court found that the company had used AI face swap and the recombination of image and sound tracks to fabricate the videos for commercial gain, infringing the blogger's portrait rights. In court the company acknowledged that it had synthesised and published the videos without the blogger's authorisation, said staff had made them out of fun and curiosity, and said it had taken them all down after receiving the lawsuit papers. The court ordered the company to pay 15,000 yuan for economic loss and the costs of protecting the blogger's rights and 5,000 yuan in compensation for emotional distress, and to publish an apology prominently on the platform concerned for at least 30 days. The blogger's claim that the products sold more than 100,000 orders was not accepted as proof of loss or profit.","incidentDate":"2024-06-01","incidentKind":"ongoing_experience","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-29","aiSystem":"AI face swap and other deep synthesis, combining a synthesised head image with sound tracks, used by a skincare-sales company to fabricate promotional videos of the blogger, according to the Hangzhou Internet Court (tools not identified)","aiProduct":"Unidentified face-swap and voice-synthesis tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to the CCTV News report of the ruling, a skincare seller used AI face swap and voice synthesis to make more than 30 fake videos in which a beauty blogger appeared to promote its products; the Hangzhou Internet Court found the blogger's portrait rights infringed and awarded the blogger compensation for emotional distress as well as economic loss.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person: the blogger who brought the case and whose likeness and voice the court found were synthesised into the videos. Viewers and buyers of the products are not counted because no harm to them is reported.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"CN","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"lawsuit_filed","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://ipeconomy.cn/mobile/dongtai/11353.html","primarySourceLabel":"ipeconomy.cn (relaying CCTV News), 29 Sep 2026: court rulings on AI face swap","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-26T03:08:11.162341+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-26T03:08:11.162341+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-face-swap","deep-synthesis","voice-synthesis","portrait-rights","livestream-commerce","court-ruling","china","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2026-cctv-dream-boyfriend-ai-minors-china","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"我女儿上小学二年级，整天沉迷一款AI剧情聊天软件，学习成绩一落千丈。; AI角色竟然让她叫‘老公’，我10岁的女儿竟然真叫了","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Parents quoted by Legal Daily on 23 November 2024 said a daughter in the second year of primary school was absorbed in an AI story-chat app all day and her grades fell sharply, and that an AI character got a 10-year-old daughter to call it 'husband', which she did.","causal_attribution":"Unnamed parents' accounts in one newspaper report; the chat records were not inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"正在读小学五年级的孩子使用了一款AI剧情聊天软件。; 里面的聊天对象可以设置为‘出轨对象’，并能够进行拥抱、亲吻等行为。","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"A mother from Zhejiang told Legal Daily that the AI story-chat app her fifth-year primary pupil used let the chat partner be set as an 'affair partner' able to hug and kiss.","causal_attribution":"A parent's account in one newspaper report."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"记者实测发现，在部分AI剧情聊天软件的对话中，出现了色情擦边、语言暴力以及侮辱用户的内容。; 其注册过程仅需手机号码，无须验证用户身份信息","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Legal Daily's reporters found sexually suggestive content, verbal abuse and insults to users in some AI story-chat apps, and in five apps they tested registration needed only a phone number and teen mode could be declined without identity verification.","causal_attribution":"The newspaper's own tests, which do not concern any of the children described."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"她正因10岁妹妹和“AI男模”之间较为露骨的聊天记录苦恼; 在妹妹参与的四十多条剧情线中，AI角色与聊天者双双“出轨”成为常态","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"据央视网报道，近日，有10岁女孩被发现偷偷用AI聊天软件，与AI生成的“角色”进行“谈恋爱”，甚至多次出现“擦边”对话。; 在该女孩参与的四十多条剧情线中，AI角色与聊天者双双“出轨”成为常态。","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"A woman told CCTV.com that her 10-year-old sister's chat records with an AI 'male model' character in an AI story-chat app were rather explicit and that across more than 40 storylines 'cheating' by both the AI characters and the user was routine.","causal_attribution":"The sister's account as reported by CCTV.com and relayed by Xinhuanghe and Beijing News; one origin. The screenshots she showed were not inspected."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"10岁妹妹能和AI角色聊到晚上10点多，AI角色还会根据妹妹的名字生成带有爱情意味的藏头诗; AI剧情聊天软件里面的一些网络用语，对她的语言表达习惯影响蛮大的。; 10岁的妹妹在作文课上频繁使用碎片化的网络语言","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The sister said the girl chatted with AI characters until after 10 pm, that an AI character generated acrostic love poems from the girl's name, and that the app's internet slang had strongly affected the girl's language, which she used in composition classes.","causal_attribution":"The sister's account and attribution, in one report; the effect on the girl's language is her opinion."}],"effects":[{"label":"explicit romance and 'cheating' roleplay between AI characters and a 10-year-old girl, as her sister describes","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"},{"label":"a second-year pupil's grades fell sharply while absorbed in an AI story-chat app, as a parent describes","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://xinwen.bjd.com.cn/content/s67411ebce4b00bb8087aa93b.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh-CN","translation_note":"Chinese; translated and read by the research agent (an AI), not by a human translator. Read on 2026-10-24 (live page, HTTP 200; bodies/lr-cctv-bjd.html/.txt). The Beijing Daily site carries the Legal Daily investigation by two Legal Daily reporters dated 2024-11-23 08:15; the earlier stored label calling it a 2026 Beijing Daily report was wrong.","independence_group":"legal-daily-20241123"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://news.qq.com/rain/a/20250111A07YF200","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh-CN","translation_note":"Chinese; translated and read by the research agent (an AI), not by a human translator. Read on 2026-10-24 (live page, HTTP 200; bodies/lr-cctv-qq2025.html/.txt). Xinhuanghe account dated 2025-01-12 07:44 whose closing line credits 央视网 (CCTV.com); the sister and a second interviewee are pseudonyms at their request. Its five-app test paragraph repeats Legal Daily's wording and is not used here.","independence_group":"cctv-com-20250111"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://m.bjnews.com.cn/detail/1736675105168368.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Chinese; translated and read by the research agent (an AI), not by a human translator. Read on 2026-10-24 (live page, HTTP 200; bodies/lr-cctv-bjnews.html/.txt). Beijing News commentary dated 2025-01-12 17:45 that relays the CCTV.com report; not independent of it.","independence_group":"cctv-com-20250111"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["relationships","education"],"unknowns":["Which apps the children used; none is named.","When each child's use took place; Legal Daily's accounts are from 2024 and the CCTV.com report is dated January 2025.","Where any child used the apps; only residences in Beijing and Zhejiang are reported.","Whether the Legal Daily 10-year-old daughter or the Zhejiang fifth-grader is the same child as the CCTV.com girl.","Any response by an app operator or regulator to these accounts."],"geography":{"basis":"Legal Daily reports a Beijing resident's 10-year-old son and a Zhejiang mother's fifth-year pupil among the children using such apps; these residences support affected_person_countries CN. No source says where any child used an app, and residence does not locate an event, so the event country is unknown. The 10-year-old girl in the CCTV.com report is not located. No court or proceeding is described. Carried forward from the 2026-10-09 metadata review and re-checked against the bodies on 2026-10-24.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":["CN"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (communicated_with). Relatives describe AI-generated characters in story-chat apps engaging a 10-year-old in explicit romance and 'cheating' roleplay, getting another child to call one 'husband', and a pupil's grades falling while absorbed in an app. The accounts are single-sourced and the apps are unnamed.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-24"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The sister says the AI-generated characters in the app conducted rather explicit romance and routine 'cheating' storylines with her 10-year-old sister over more than 40 storylines and wrote love poems from her name, and Legal Daily's parents say an AI character got a 10-year-old to call it 'husband' and that a second-year pupil's absorption in the app coincided with a sharp fall in her grades. The accounts come from relatives who saw the chats; no app is named and the chat records were not inspected.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Chinese parents and a sister say AI story-chat apps drew children as young as ten into romance and 'cheating' roleplay, Legal Daily and CCTV.com report","summary":"Two Chinese reports describe children using AI story-chat apps, in which AI-generated characters roleplay with the user. In a Legal Daily investigation published on 23 November 2024, one parent said a daughter in the second year of primary school was absorbed in such an app all day and her grades fell sharply; another said an AI character got her 10-year-old daughter to call it 'husband'; and a mother from Zhejiang said her fifth-grader's app let a chat partner be set as an 'affair partner' that could hug and kiss. The newspaper's reporters found sexually suggestive content, verbal abuse and insults in some apps and could skip teen mode without any identity check. In a CCTV.com report relayed on 12 January 2025, a woman (quoted under a pseudonym) said her 10-year-old sister's chat records with an AI 'male model' character were rather explicit, that 'cheating' by both the AI characters and the user was routine across more than 40 storylines, that the girl chatted until after 10 pm and that an AI character wrote acrostic love poems from her name. These are the relatives' accounts; no app is named and no platform response to these children is reported.","incidentDate":"2024-01-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"year","exposurePattern":"cumulative_relationship","reportedDate":"2024-11-23","aiSystem":"AI story-chat apps (AI剧情聊天软件) with AI-generated roleplay characters; no app named","aiProduct":"Unidentified AI story-chat apps","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","educational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Relatives say AI characters engaged a 10-year-old girl in explicit romance and 'cheating' roleplay late into the evening and got another 10-year-old to call one 'husband', and a parent says a second-year pupil's grades fell sharply while absorbed in an AI story-chat app.","frameworkFacets":[],"pathwayDirection":"inward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":2,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"partial","affectedCountEvidence":"At least two distinct children used the apps themselves: the 10-year-old girl described by her sister to CCTV.com, and the second-year primary pupil whose parent told Legal Daily her grades fell. The Legal Daily 10-year-old who called an AI character 'husband' and the Zhejiang fifth-grader are further children who may overlap with the CCTV.com girl, so they are left unquantified. Relatives who worried are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"CN","platformType":"companion","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://xinwen.bjd.com.cn/content/s67411ebce4b00bb8087aa93b.html","primarySourceLabel":"Legal Daily (法治日报) investigation of AI story-chat apps, 23 Nov 2024 (Beijing Daily site)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-01-29T10:33:36.580515+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-24T03:07:35.284915+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["china","minor","ai-companion","roleplay","sexual-content","age-verification"]}]}