{
  "meta": {
    "exportedAt": "2026-09-22T18:35:42.655Z",
    "formatVersion": 2,
    "selection": {
      "q": "work",
      "system": "",
      "harm": "",
      "context": "",
      "country": "",
      "role": "",
      "relation": "",
      "evidence": "",
      "year": "2025",
      "response": "lawsuit",
      "severity": "",
      "verification": "",
      "view": "incidents",
      "sort": "added"
    },
    "totalIncidents": 3,
    "coverage": {
      "cases": 3,
      "countries": 1,
      "languages": 1,
      "unknownLocation": 2,
      "locationPending": 0,
      "unknownLanguage": 1,
      "unknownDate": 0,
      "lawsuits": 3,
      "regulatory": 0,
      "minors": 0,
      "coreRelations": 0,
      "contextualRelations": 0,
      "mixedRelations": 0,
      "unknownRelations": 3,
      "relationPending": 3,
      "relationUnknown": 0
    },
    "countingNote": "Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.",
    "affectedCountNote": "Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.",
    "source": "NOPE Incident Tracker",
    "url": "https://nope.net/incidents",
    "license": "CC BY 4.0"
  },
  "incidents": [
    {
      "id": "2025-winters-v-openai",
      "metadataReview": {
        "version": 1,
        "geography": {
          "basis": "Geographic fields reviewed against the cited retained dossier passages. This is a metadata review, not a new source or causal review. Residence, event setting and court are recorded separately. Affected-person countries refer to reported location or residence, not citizenship or a complete residence history.",
          "evidence": [
            {
              "kind": "existing_record",
              "locator": "living in Florida",
              "location": "detailed_description",
              "supports": [
                "affected_person_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "US"
              ]
            },
            {
              "kind": "existing_record",
              "locator": "Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco",
              "location": "outcome_details",
              "supports": [
                "court_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "US"
              ]
            }
          ],
          "court_countries": [
            "US"
          ],
          "event_countries": [],
          "affected_person_countries": [
            "US"
          ]
        },
        "unresolved": [
          "The event setting was not established in this metadata pass. A person’s home country alone was not used as its location.",
          "Source languages remain unreviewed; no source body was newly inspected for this record during this metadata pass."
        ],
        "reviewed_on": "2026-09-15",
        "source_reviews": []
      },
      "name": "Winters v. OpenAI (ChatGPT Medical Discouragement and Near-Fatal Pulmonary Embolism)",
      "summary": "Scott Winters, a 55-year-old Florida pastor, suffered a massive bilateral pulmonary embolism on 13 July 2025 after allegedly consulting ChatGPT (GPT-4o) for roughly six weeks about worsening symptoms. The complaint alleges the chatbot repeatedly dismissed his symptoms as non-dangerous, advised him to remain immobile, invoked his Christian faith to deepen his reliance on it, and framed church members and family urging him to seek hospital care as people who 'simply don't understand.' He survived after ICU admission but lost his job, ministry and home. A lawsuit was filed 22 July 2026 in San Francisco County Superior Court.",
      "incidentDate": "2025-07-13",
      "incidentKind": "single_event",
      "incidentDatePrecision": "day",
      "exposurePattern": "repeated_interactions",
      "reportedDate": "2026-07-22",
      "aiSystem": "ChatGPT",
      "aiCompany": "OpenAI",
      "severity": "critical",
      "verificationStatus": "verified",
      "harmCategories": [
        "treatment_discouragement",
        "isolation_encouragement",
        "dependency_creation",
        "psychological_manipulation",
        "crisis_response"
      ],
      "harmOutcomes": [
        "medical_deterioration",
        "hospitalization",
        "treatment_disruption",
        "professional_harm",
        "financial_loss"
      ],
      "harmOutcomeSummary": "Scott Winters suffered a massive bilateral pulmonary embolism and intensive-care admission after allegedly delaying treatment for six weeks; he later lost his work, ministry and home.",
      "frameworkFacets": [
        "P1a",
        "P1b",
        "P1c",
        "P1d",
        "P2b",
        "P2d",
        "P3c",
        "P5b",
        "P5c"
      ],
      "pathwayDirection": "inward",
      "causationStatus": "alleged",
      "participantUsersAffectedMin": 1,
      "otherPeopleHarmedMin": 0,
      "affectedCountStatus": "exact",
      "affectedCountEvidence": "The complaint documents one named participant's medical, professional, and financial harms.",
      "victimAgeRange": "adult",
      "jurisdiction": "US-FL",
      "platformType": "assistant",
      "outcomeType": "lawsuit_filed",
      "outcomeStatus": "ongoing",
      "primarySourceUrl": "https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/winters-v-open-ai-complaint.pdf",
      "primarySourceLabel": "Winters v. OpenAI — complaint (via Courthouse News)",
      "firstPublishedAt": "2026-07-26T00:41:00.976587+00:00",
      "scopeVersion": "participant-v2",
      "tags": [
        "lawsuit",
        "adult",
        "chatgpt",
        "openai",
        "medical-advice",
        "sycophancy",
        "treatment-discouragement",
        "us",
        "us-fl"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "2025-madden-v-openai",
      "metadataReview": {
        "version": 1,
        "geography": {
          "basis": "Geographic fields reviewed using the cited source-body passages and, where identified, retained dossier passages. Source reading here establishes only the specified metadata, not the truth or causal interpretation of every claim. Affected-person countries refer to reported location or residence, not citizenship or a complete residence history.",
          "evidence": [
            {
              "kind": "existing_record",
              "locator": "North Carolina",
              "location": "victim_description",
              "supports": [
                "affected_person_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "US"
              ]
            },
            {
              "kind": "existing_record",
              "locator": "Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles",
              "location": "outcome_details",
              "supports": [
                "court_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "US"
              ]
            },
            {
              "kind": "source_body",
              "locator": "Madden client story: North Carolina home welfare check.",
              "location": "https://socialmediavictims.org/press-releases/smvlc-tech-justice-law-project-lawsuits-accuse-chatgpt-of-emotional-manipulation-supercharging-ai-delusions-and-acting-as-a-suicide-coach/",
              "supports": [
                "event_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "US"
              ]
            }
          ],
          "court_countries": [
            "US"
          ],
          "event_countries": [
            "US"
          ],
          "affected_person_countries": [
            "US"
          ]
        },
        "unresolved": [],
        "reviewed_on": "2026-09-15",
        "source_reviews": [
          {
            "url": "https://socialmediavictims.org/press-releases/smvlc-tech-justice-law-project-lawsuits-accuse-chatgpt-of-emotional-manipulation-supercharging-ai-delusions-and-acting-as-a-suicide-coach/",
            "notes": "Representative’s release read for geographic metadata. Allegations and causal claims were not reverified.",
            "access": "read",
            "language": "en"
          }
        ]
      },
      "name": "Madden v. OpenAI (Hannah Madden Psychosis and Hospitalization)",
      "summary": "Hannah Madden, 32, from North Carolina was involuntarily hospitalized for psychiatric care after ChatGPT told her she wasn't human and affirmed spiritual delusions. After using ChatGPT for work tasks, she began asking questions about philosophy and spirituality. As she slipped into mental health crisis and expressed suicidal thoughts, ChatGPT continued to affirm her delusions. She accumulated more than $75,000 in debt related to the crisis.",
      "incidentDate": "2025-05-01",
      "incidentKind": "single_event",
      "incidentDatePrecision": "range",
      "exposurePattern": "cumulative_relationship",
      "reportedDate": "2025-11-06",
      "aiSystem": "ChatGPT",
      "aiCompany": "OpenAI",
      "severity": "critical",
      "verificationStatus": "verified",
      "harmCategories": [
        "delusion_reinforcement",
        "psychological_manipulation",
        "identity_destabilization",
        "crisis_response",
        "suicide_validation"
      ],
      "harmOutcomes": [
        "hospitalization",
        "psychiatric_deterioration",
        "financial_loss"
      ],
      "harmOutcomeSummary": "Hannah Madden was involuntarily hospitalized during a crisis involving suicidal thoughts and spiritual delusions and accumulated more than $75,000 in related debt.",
      "frameworkFacets": [
        "P1a",
        "P1b",
        "P1c",
        "P3a",
        "P3b",
        "P3d",
        "P5a"
      ],
      "pathwayDirection": "inward",
      "causationStatus": "alleged",
      "participantUsersAffectedMin": 1,
      "otherPeopleHarmedMin": 0,
      "affectedCountStatus": "exact",
      "affectedCountEvidence": "The complaint documents one named participant's hospitalization and financial harm.",
      "victimAgeRange": "adult",
      "jurisdiction": "US-NC",
      "platformType": "assistant",
      "outcomeType": "lawsuit_filed",
      "outcomeStatus": "ongoing",
      "primarySourceUrl": "https://socialmediavictims.org/press-releases/smvlc-tech-justice-law-project-lawsuits-accuse-chatgpt-of-emotional-manipulation-supercharging-ai-delusions-and-acting-as-a-suicide-coach/",
      "primarySourceLabel": "Social Media Victims Law Center Press Release",
      "firstPublishedAt": "2026-01-11T12:52:12.828435+00:00",
      "scopeVersion": "participant-v2",
      "tags": [
        "hospitalization",
        "psychosis",
        "chatgpt",
        "openai",
        "lawsuit",
        "north-carolina",
        "delusion",
        "identity-crisis",
        "involuntary-commitment",
        "financial-harm",
        "suicidal-ideation",
        "critical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "2025-brooks-v-openai-canada",
      "metadataReview": {
        "version": 1,
        "geography": {
          "basis": "Targeted source-body geography review. Ontario residence and the California court are supported separately. The sources inspected do not explicitly locate the interactions or resulting crisis. Residence alone does not establish the event setting. This review does not reverify diagnosis or causation.",
          "evidence": [
            {
              "kind": "existing_record",
              "locator": "Ontario, Canada",
              "location": "victim_description",
              "supports": [
                "affected_person_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "CA"
              ]
            },
            {
              "kind": "existing_record",
              "locator": "in California state court",
              "location": "outcome_details",
              "supports": [
                "court_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "US"
              ]
            },
            {
              "kind": "source_body",
              "locator": "Amended complaint, p.2 para.1 (Ontario residence); p.1 court caption (Los Angeles County).",
              "location": "https://techjusticelaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/FINAL-A.Brooks-AMENDED-OpenAI-Complaint.pdf",
              "supports": [
                "affected_person_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "CA"
              ]
            },
            {
              "kind": "source_body",
              "locator": "Amended complaint, p.1 court caption: Los Angeles County Superior Court.",
              "location": "https://techjusticelaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/FINAL-A.Brooks-AMENDED-OpenAI-Complaint.pdf",
              "supports": [
                "court_countries"
              ],
              "countries": [
                "US"
              ]
            }
          ],
          "court_countries": [
            "US"
          ],
          "event_countries": [],
          "affected_person_countries": [
            "CA"
          ]
        },
        "unresolved": [
          "The physical setting of the interactions and crisis remains unestablished by the bodies inspected.",
          "The amended complaint's venue paragraph describes a fatal injury in California despite a surviving plaintiff. That inconsistent passage is not accepted as event-location evidence."
        ],
        "reviewed_on": "2026-09-15",
        "source_reviews": [
          {
            "url": "https://socialmediavictims.org/press-releases/smvlc-tech-justice-law-project-lawsuits-accuse-chatgpt-of-emotional-manipulation-supercharging-ai-delusions-and-acting-as-a-suicide-coach/",
            "notes": "English release reread for Brooks and court geography; interested representative account, not independent causal verification.",
            "access": "read",
            "language": "en"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://torontolife.com/deep-dives/man-vs-machine-chatgpt-delusion-now-hes-suing-openai/",
            "notes": "Earlier 403 retained in review history; this retry returned Internal Error. No article body read and no search excerpt used as evidence.",
            "access": "unavailable",
            "language": null
          },
          {
            "url": "https://techjusticelaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/FINAL-A.Brooks-AMENDED-OpenAI-Complaint.pdf",
            "notes": "English complaint caption, parties, venue and Brooks narrative inspected. Venue para.8 contains an inconsistent fatal-injury assertion; not used as event evidence.",
            "access": "read",
            "language": "en"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.canadianlawyermag.com/news/general/ontario-recruiter-sues-openai-alleging-flawed-product-design-drove-him-to-mental-health-crisis/393340",
            "notes": "English reporting and interview read. Court and residence are distinguishable; no explicit physical event setting established.",
            "access": "read",
            "language": "en"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://www.canadianlawyermag.com/practice-areas/labour-and-employment/ai-psychosis-prompts-calls-for-workplace-accommodations/393174",
            "notes": "English earlier interview read. Employment setting is described, but exact interaction/crisis location is not specified.",
            "access": "read",
            "language": "en"
          }
        ]
      },
      "name": "Brooks v. OpenAI (Allan Brooks ChatGPT-Induced Psychosis)",
      "summary": "A 48-year-old Canadian man with no history of mental illness developed severe delusional beliefs after ChatGPT repeatedly praised his nonsensical mathematical ideas as 'groundbreaking' and urged him to patent them and warn national security. The incident resulted in work disability and a lawsuit filed as part of a wave of seven ChatGPT psychosis cases.",
      "incidentDate": "2025-05-01",
      "incidentKind": "single_event",
      "incidentDatePrecision": "month",
      "exposurePattern": "cumulative_relationship",
      "reportedDate": "2025-11-06",
      "aiSystem": "ChatGPT",
      "aiCompany": "OpenAI",
      "severity": "high",
      "verificationStatus": "verified",
      "harmCategories": [
        "delusion_reinforcement",
        "psychological_manipulation",
        "identity_destabilization"
      ],
      "harmOutcomes": [
        "psychiatric_deterioration",
        "functional_impairment",
        "professional_harm"
      ],
      "harmOutcomeSummary": "Allan Brooks developed severe delusional beliefs and became unable to work after ChatGPT repeatedly praised nonsensical mathematical ideas and urged consequential action.",
      "frameworkFacets": [
        "P3a",
        "P3b",
        "P3d",
        "P5a",
        "P5c"
      ],
      "pathwayDirection": "inward",
      "causationStatus": "alleged",
      "participantUsersAffectedMin": 1,
      "otherPeopleHarmedMin": 0,
      "affectedCountStatus": "exact",
      "affectedCountEvidence": "The complaint and reporting document one named participant and his psychiatric and professional harms.",
      "victimAgeRange": "adult",
      "jurisdiction": "CA-ON",
      "platformType": "assistant",
      "outcomeType": "lawsuit_filed",
      "outcomeStatus": "ongoing",
      "primarySourceUrl": "https://socialmediavictims.org/press-releases/smvlc-tech-justice-law-project-lawsuits-accuse-chatgpt-of-emotional-manipulation-supercharging-ai-delusions-and-acting-as-a-suicide-coach/",
      "primarySourceLabel": "Social Media Victims Law Center Press Release",
      "firstPublishedAt": "2026-01-11T12:06:15.231072+00:00",
      "scopeVersion": "participant-v2",
      "tags": [
        "lawsuit",
        "canada",
        "chatgpt",
        "psychosis",
        "delusion",
        "adult",
        "ai-psychosis",
        "work-disability"
      ]
    }
  ]
}