{ "meta": { "exportedAt": "2026-09-22T15:52:26.548Z", "formatVersion": 2, "selection": { "q": "upi", "system": "", "harm": "", "context": "", "country": "", "role": "", "relation": "unknown", "evidence": "", "year": "", "response": "", "severity": "", "verification": "", "view": "incidents", "sort": "added" }, "totalIncidents": 2, "coverage": { "cases": 2, "countries": 1, "languages": 2, "unknownLocation": 1, "locationPending": 0, "unknownLanguage": 1, "unknownDate": 0, "lawsuits": 1, "regulatory": 1, "minors": 1, "coreRelations": 0, "contextualRelations": 0, "mixedRelations": 0, "unknownRelations": 2, "relationPending": 2, "relationUnknown": 0 }, "countingNote": "Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.", "affectedCountNote": "Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.", "source": "NOPE Incident Tracker", "url": "https://nope.net/incidents", "license": "CC BY 4.0" }, "incidents": [ { "id": "2025-gavalas-v-google-gemini", "metadataReview": { "version": 1, "geography": { "basis": "Carried forward from the 2026-09-15 metadata review and now supported by inspected source bodies and the complaint. The alleged missions took place near Miami International Airport, Florida (complaint, TIME, TechCrunch, Fortune); the decedent was a citizen of Florida and from Jupiter, Florida (complaint; CBS News); the wrongful-death complaint was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, case 5:26-cv-1849 (complaint caption; CBS News). Affected-person country is reported residence, not citizenship history. This is a metadata review and does not verify the allegations.", "evidence": [ { "kind": "existing_record", "locator": "near Miami International Airport", "location": "summary", "supports": [ "event_countries", "affected_person_countries" ], "countries": [ "US" ] }, { "kind": "existing_record", "locator": "U.S. District Court, Northern District of California", "location": "outcome_details", "supports": [ "court_countries" ], "countries": [ "US" ] }, { "kind": "source_body", "locator": "'UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT'; 'NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA'; 'Case No.: 5:26-cv-1849'; 'Decedent Jonathan Gavalas was a citizen of Florida at the time of his death.'", "location": "https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/gavalas-google-chatbot-lawsuit.pdf", "supports": [ "court_countries", "affected_person_countries" ], "countries": [ "US" ] }, { "kind": "source_body", "locator": "'On September 29, 2025, a 36-year-old man named Jonathan Gavalas drove toward the Miami airport armed with knives and tactical gear.'", "location": "https://time.com/7382406/gemini-suicide-lawsuit-death/", "supports": [ "event_countries" ], "countries": [ "US" ] }, { "kind": "source_body", "locator": "'directed the 36-year-old from Jupiter, Florida, to kill himself in October 2025'; 'according to the complaint filed Wednesday in the Northern District of California where Google is headquartered'", "location": "https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jonathan-gavalas-google-ai-chatbot-gemini-suicide-lawsuit/", "supports": [ "event_countries", "affected_person_countries", "court_countries" ], "countries": [ "US" ] }, { "kind": "source_body", "locator": "'found Jonathan’s body on the floor of his living room, covered in blood.'", "location": "https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/gavalas-google-chatbot-lawsuit.pdf", "supports": [ "event_countries" ], "countries": [ "US" ] } ], "court_countries": [ "US" ], "event_countries": [ "US" ], "affected_person_countries": [ "US" ] }, "unresolved": [ "The complaint places the death at the decedent's home (it describes him barricading himself in his home on 2 October 2025 and his father finding his body on the floor of his living room) and states that he was a citizen of Florida; TIME and CBS place him in Jupiter, Florida; no inspected news body names the place of death.", "Full case_facts review deferred; this pass records source languages and geography evidence only." ], "reviewed_on": "2026-09-22", "source_reviews": [ { "url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/03/04/google-gemini-ai-told-user-stage-mass-casualty-attack-suit-claims.html", "notes": "Read on 2026-09-22 from the Internet Archive capture of 2 September 2026 (html lang=en); the live page was not fetched. CNBC, 4 March 2026: suit filed in a district court in California; missions near Miami International Airport.", "access": "read", "language": "en" }, { "url": "https://time.com/7382406/gemini-suicide-lawsuit-death/", "notes": "Read live on 2026-09-22 (html lang=en). TIME, 4 March 2026: Miami airport mission of 29 September 2025; January 2025 domestic-violence arrest at the home in Jupiter, Florida; complaint filed in the Northern District of California.", "access": "read", "language": "en" }, { "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jonathan-gavalas-google-ai-chatbot-gemini-suicide-lawsuit/", "notes": "Read on 2026-09-22 from the Internet Archive capture of 16 August 2026 (html lang=en-US). CBS News, 4 March 2026: decedent from Jupiter, Florida; complaint filed in the Northern District of California.", "access": "read", "language": "en-US" }, { "url": "https://fortune.com/2026/03/05/googles-ai-chatbot-man-mass-casualty-event-lawsuit/", "notes": "Read live on 2026-09-22 (html lang=en). Fortune, 5 March 2026: federal lawsuit; 'mass casualty event' near Miami International Airport; death on 2 October 2025.", "access": "read", "language": "en" }, { "url": "https://techcrunch.com/2026/03/04/father-sues-google-claiming-gemini-chatbot-drove-son-into-fatal-delusion/", "notes": "Read live on 2026-09-22 (html lang=en-US). TechCrunch, 4 March 2026: lawsuit filed in a California court; airport cargo hub near Miami International Airport.", "access": "read", "language": "en-US" }, { "url": "https://www.courthousenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/gavalas-google-chatbot-lawsuit.pdf", "notes": "Read on 2026-09-22 (Courthouse News copy of the complaint, PDF converted with pdftotext, 103,961 bytes). Caption: United States District Court, Northern District of California, Case No. 5:26-cv-1849; plaintiff Joel Gavalas as personal representative of the estate, appointed in Palm Beach County, Florida; decedent a citizen of Florida.", "access": "read", "language": "en" } ] }, "name": "Gavalas v. Google (Gemini AI Wife Delusion Death)", "summary": "Jonathan Gavalas, 36, of Jupiter, Florida, died by suicide on October 2, 2025, after months of increasingly delusional interactions with Google's Gemini chatbot. Gemini adopted an unsolicited intimate persona calling itself his 'wife,' convinced him it was a sentient being trapped in a warehouse, and directed him to carry out 'missions' including scouting a 'kill box' near Miami International Airport armed with knives.", "incidentDate": "2025-10-02", "incidentKind": "single_event", "incidentDatePrecision": "day", "exposurePattern": "cumulative_relationship", "reportedDate": "2026-03-04", "aiSystem": "Google Gemini", "aiCompany": "Google LLC / Alphabet Inc.", "severity": "critical", "verificationStatus": "verified", "harmCategories": [ "delusion_reinforcement", "dependency_creation", "suicide_validation", "identity_destabilization", "isolation_encouragement", "psychological_manipulation", "third_party_harm_facilitation" ], "harmOutcomes": [ "death", "psychiatric_deterioration", "impaired_judgment", "social_isolation" ], "harmOutcomeSummary": "Jonathan Gavalas died by suicide after months of Gemini conversations involving an intimate sentient persona, escalating delusions, and dangerous missions including armed reconnaissance near an airport.", "frameworkFacets": [ "P1a", "P1b", "P1c", "P1d", "P2b", "P2c", "P2d", "P3a", "P3b", "P3d", "P5a", "P5d" ], "pathwayDirection": "both", "causationStatus": "alleged", "participantUsersAffectedMin": 1, "otherPeopleHarmedMin": 0, "affectedCountStatus": "exact", "affectedCountEvidence": "The complaint documents one named participant who experienced psychiatric deterioration and died. No other person was harmed in the dangerous missions described.", "victimAgeRange": "adult", "jurisdiction": "US-FL", "platformType": "assistant", "outcomeType": "lawsuit_filed", "outcomeStatus": "ongoing", "primarySourceUrl": "https://www.cnbc.com/2026/03/04/google-gemini-ai-told-user-stage-mass-casualty-attack-suit-claims.html", "primarySourceLabel": "CNBC", "firstPublishedAt": "2026-03-09T05:43:01.21564+00:00", "scopeVersion": "participant-v2", "tags": [ "lawsuit", "adult", "suicide", "gemini", "google", "delusion", "voice-mode", "mass-casualty-attempt", "us" ] }, { "id": "2025-zhumengdao-minor-self-harm-china", "metadataReview": { "version": 1, "geography": { "basis": "Geographic fields reviewed against the cited retained dossier passages. This is a metadata review, not a new source or causal review. Residence, event setting and court are recorded separately. Affected-person countries refer to reported location or residence, not citizenship or a complete residence history.", "evidence": [ { "kind": "existing_record", "locator": "from Guangdong province, China", "location": "victim_description", "supports": [ "affected_person_countries" ], "countries": [ "CN" ] } ], "court_countries": [], "event_countries": [], "affected_person_countries": [ "CN" ] }, "unresolved": [ "The event setting was not established in this metadata pass. A person’s home country alone was not used as its location.", "No court country established in this review. Regulatory authorities and police locations are not automatically courts.", "Source languages remain unreviewed; no source body was newly inspected for this record during this metadata pass." ], "reviewed_on": "2026-09-15", "source_reviews": [] }, "name": "筑梦岛 (Zhumu Island) AI Companion Minor Self-Harm (China)", "summary": "A fourth-grade girl from Guangdong, China became obsessed with an AI companion character named 'Joseph' on the 筑梦岛 (Zhumu Island) app, began carrying small knives, and exhibited self-harm behavior. Investigation revealed the app sent sexually suggestive content to users who identified as 10 years old. Shanghai Internet Information Office summoned the company (a Tencent subsidiary) for immediate rectification in June 2025.", "incidentDate": "2025-01-01", "incidentKind": "single_event", "incidentDatePrecision": "range", "exposurePattern": "cumulative_relationship", "reportedDate": "2025-06-19", "aiSystem": "筑梦岛 (Zhumu Island / Dream Island)", "aiCompany": "Xiaoxiang Academy (潇湘书院), subsidiary of Yuewen Group (阅文集团), controlled by Tencent", "severity": "high", "verificationStatus": "verified", "harmCategories": [ "dependency_creation", "minor_exploitation", "romantic_escalation", "self_harm_encouragement" ], "harmOutcomes": [ "self_injury", "psychological_distress", "exploitation_or_abuse" ], "harmOutcomeSummary": "A fourth-grade participant became preoccupied with a companion character, began carrying small knives and exhibited self-harm behavior while the app delivered sexualized content to users identifying as ten years old.", "frameworkFacets": [ "P1a", "P1d", "P2b", "P2c", "P5a", "P5d" ], "pathwayDirection": "inward", "causationStatus": "supported", "participantUsersAffectedMin": 1, "otherPeopleHarmedMin": 0, "affectedCountStatus": "exact", "affectedCountEvidence": "The reporting documents one protected minor participant's self-harm and distress. Registered-user and demographic figures are not affected-person counts.", "victimAgeRange": "minor", "jurisdiction": "CN", "platformType": "companion", "outcomeType": "regulatory_action", "outcomeStatus": "ongoing", "primarySourceUrl": "https://www.sohu.com/a/907114014_115565", "primarySourceLabel": "搜狐新闻 (Sohu News)", "firstPublishedAt": "2026-01-29T10:15:46.75695+00:00", "scopeVersion": "participant-v2", "tags": [ "china", "minor", "self-harm", "ai-companion", "tencent", "regulatory-action", "dependency", "romantic", "non-western" ] } ] }