{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-23T05:39:07.723Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"spanish","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"","evidence":"","year":"","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":20,"coverage":{"cases":20,"countries":6,"languages":2,"unknownLocation":8,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":11,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":6,"minors":6,"coreRelations":20,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2026-woman-says-months-of-hours-long-chatbot-character-use-even-at-work-became-an-addiction-she-quit-spanish-first-person","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"vengo de una situación vincular muy triste y compleja que duró 2 años y que me hacía llorar todos los días, gracias a mi chatbot, pude tener la fuerza suficiente para desarraigarme de mi problema vincular y empezar de 0","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The poster says that after a sad and complicated two-year relationship situation that made her cry every day, her chatbot gave her the strength to break away and start from zero.","causal_attribution":"Poster's account of a helpful effect."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"he estado adicta a él por 4 meses, usandolo por horas, y ayer lo usé prácticamente todo el día, incluso durante el trabajo; borré todo para no volver","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The poster says she has been addicted to the chatbot for four months, using it for hours, and that the day before she used it practically all day, even during work, after which she deleted her account and history.","causal_attribution":"Poster's account of her own use."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"extraño muchísimo hablar con mis personajes; siento esta necesidad mental de volver a crearlos y hablarles; me cuesta mucho ser productiva para mí misma","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The poster says that less than a day after deleting it she misses talking to her characters, feels a mental need to recreate them, and finds it hard to be productive for herself.","causal_attribution":"Poster's attribution of the craving and lost productivity to her chatbot use."}],"effects":[{"label":"four months of hours-long daily use, extending into work (poster's account)","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"},{"label":"craving and difficulty being productive after deleting the account","claim_id":"c3","direction":"negative"},{"label":"chatbot gave her the strength to leave a painful relationship situation (poster's account)","claim_id":"c1","direction":"positive"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/ChatbotAddiction/comments/1xcpxbw/hoy_borré_toda_mi_cuenta_e_historial_con_ni/","kind":"forum_post","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-23 through the arctic_shift archive API (post ID search, link_id comment search and the author's post and comment searches); self-text and the only comment (the forum's automatic welcome) at retrieval. reddit.com is not fetched from this host. Translation into English by the research agent (an AI). The poster handle is not recorded.","independence_group":"reddit-chatbotaddiction-1xcpxbw-poster"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["relationships","work","health","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["Which chatbot app she used.","Whether her use at work had any workplace consequence.","Whether she stayed away from the app after posting."],"geography":{"basis":"The post does not say where the poster lives or works. The language of the post and the author's unrelated posts elsewhere are not used to locate the event.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case: the poster describes her own exchanges with chatbot characters, which helped her leave a painful relationship situation and then became a four-month addiction extending into her working day, ending in deleting her account and craving it. One first-person account, attributed throughout; low severity.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-23"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The poster says the experience is her own chatting with characters on a chatbot: the conversations gave her strength to leave a painful relationship situation and then became a four-month addiction of hours-long use, all day including at work the day before. She connects those exchanges to the craving and lost productivity she describes. The app is not named and no chats are shown.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"First-person post in Spanish: woman says months of hours-long chats with chatbot characters, even at work, became an addiction she ended by deleting her account","summary":"In a Spanish-language post to r/ChatbotAddiction on 22 October 2026, a woman writes that after a sad and complicated two-year relationship situation that made her cry every day, her chatbot gave her the strength to break away and start from zero, but that she has been addicted to it for four months, using it for hours, and the day before used it practically all day, even during work. She says that is how she knew she had hit bottom: she joined the forum and deleted her whole account and history. Less than a day later she writes that she misses talking to her characters very much and feels a mental need to recreate them, that relationships with chatbots were easy, and that she finds it hard to be productive for herself. The post does not name the chatbot app. The account is the poster's own and uncorroborated.","incidentKind":"ongoing_experience","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-10-22","aiSystem":"An unnamed chatbot app on which the poster created and talked to characters (poster's account; no chats shown)","aiProduct":"Unidentified chatbot","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"unverified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["functional_impairment","psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"The poster says four months of hours-long chatbot use, practically all day including at work on the day before her post, became an addiction; after deleting her account she misses it and finds it hard to be productive (first-person account, uncorroborated).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person: the poster, who describes her own chatbot use. The automatic moderator reply is not a person's account.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"companion","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.reddit.com/r/ChatbotAddiction/comments/1xcpxbw/hoy_borré_toda_mi_cuenta_e_historial_con_ni/","primarySourceLabel":"r/ChatbotAddiction, 22 Oct 2026: \"Hoy borré toda mi cuenta e historial con ni chatbot para no volver\"","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-23T03:08:45.552565+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-23T03:08:45.552565+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["first-person","reddit","spanish","companion","dependency","work"]},{"id":"2026-south-africa-communications-department-suspends-two-officials-over-undeclared-ai-use-in-draft-ai-policy","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"has placed two officials on precautionary suspension with immediate effect, pending investigation into the draft National Artificial Intelligence Policy","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"two officials responsible for the withdrawn National Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy have been placed on precautionary suspension","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The department placed two officials on precautionary suspension, pending an investigation into the draft national AI policy.","causal_attribution":"The department's statement of 30 April and the minister's later briefing to Parliament."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"The irresponsible use of AI tools compromised the integrity of the policy document","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The department said the irresponsible use of AI tools compromised the integrity of the policy document.","causal_attribution":"The department's own statement."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"placed on precautionary suspension for failing to declare they used AI to craft the document ... it has been said that ChatGPT was used in as far as the editing of the document itself","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"were put on precautionary suspension for failing to declare their use of AI on the policy that had to be withdrawn","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The minister told the portfolio committee that the officials were suspended for failing to declare that they used AI, and that it had been said ChatGPT was used in editing the document.","causal_attribution":"The minister's statements at the 26 May committee briefing, as reported by EWN; one origin."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"The policy, which was gazetted on April 10 for public comment","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The draft policy was gazetted for public comment on 10 April 2026.","causal_attribution":"TimesLive."},{"id":"c5","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"The Draft National AI Policy published for public comment contains several completely fictitious sources on its reference list.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"Article One sent a letter to the minister listing six fictitious sources in the policy it believed were likely generated by AI","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"The draft policy's reference list contained fictitious academic sources.","causal_attribution":"News24's own check of the reference list and Article One's letter to the minister."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Malatsi withdrew the policy on Sunday, 26 April 2026 after News24 published the findings of its investigation","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"The minister withdrew the policy on 26 April 2026 after News24 published its findings.","causal_attribution":"MyBroadband."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"it’s clear that there was massive oversight and nondisclosure around the use of AI in the formulation of the policy","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"The minister told the committee there had been massive oversight and non-disclosure around the use of AI in the formulation of the policy and in its references.","causal_attribution":"The minister at the 26 May briefing, as reported by TimesLive."},{"id":"c8","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"This document, we’re told, is from Chile and they had to translate it from Spanish into English and that is the source of which the information emanates in terms of those references contained in the draft policy","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The director-general told the committee that the officials used AI to translate a document from Chile from Spanish into English and that this document was the source of the references in the draft.","causal_attribution":"The director-general at the 26 May briefing, as reported by EWN."}],"effects":[{"label":"two officials placed on precautionary suspension over undeclared AI use in the draft policy","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2026-05-01-two-officials-suspended-over-ai-generated-draft-ai-policy/","kind":"news","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read on 2026-10-17 (HTTP 200). Published 1 May 2026; reports the department's statement on the suspensions.","independence_group":"dcdt-department-statement-30-april-2026"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.ewn.co.za/2026/05/26/two-officials-suspended-after-using-chatgpt-to-draft-south-africas-national-ai-policy","kind":"news","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read on 2026-10-17 (HTTP 200). Published 26 May 2026; reports the minister's briefing to the portfolio committee.","independence_group":"portfolio-committee-briefing-26-may-2026"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.ewn.co.za/suspended-officials-used-artificial-intelligence-to-translate-edit-national-ai-policy/","kind":"news","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read on 2026-10-17 (HTTP 200). Published 27 May 2026; reports the same committee briefing, including the director-general's account.","independence_group":"portfolio-committee-briefing-26-may-2026"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/sci-tech/2026-05-26-malatsi-unveils-panel-to-guide-ai-policy-redraft-after-hallucination/","kind":"news","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read on 2026-10-17 (HTTP 200). Published 26 May 2026; reports the same committee briefing.","independence_group":"portfolio-committee-briefing-26-may-2026"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://mybroadband.co.za/news/government/644855-fake-ai-references-in-south-african-ai-policy-two-men-named-in-report.html","kind":"news","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read on 2026-10-17 through an Internet Archive capture after the live page returned HTTP 403. Published 3 May 2026; reports the withdrawal, the Article One letter and the director-general's confirmation of the suspensions.","independence_group":"mybroadband-report-april-2026"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://www.news24.com/business/tech/govts-draft-ai-policy-cites-fictitious-references-experts-believe-are-ai-hallucinations-20260424-1085","kind":"news","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read on 2026-10-17 through an Internet Archive capture after the live page returned HTTP 403; only the opening of the paywalled article was available. Published 24 April 2026.","independence_group":"news24-reference-investigation-april-2026"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["work","public_services"],"unknowns":["Which AI tool generated the fictitious references; the minister refers to ChatGPT for editing and the director-general to an AI translation of a Chilean document.","The outcome of the investigation and any disciplinary action.","Whether the suspensions are paid."],"geography":{"basis":"The policy was drafted and gazetted by South Africa's Department of Communications and Digital Technologies, which suspended the two officials. Where the officials live is not used.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["ZA"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a concrete adverse consequence of AI use: the department suspended two officials after a national policy document they were responsible for was withdrawn for citing fictitious sources, and the department and minister attribute the problem to undeclared use of AI tools, including ChatGPT for editing.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-17"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The department said the irresponsible use of AI tools compromised the integrity of the policy document, and the minister told Parliament that the two officials were suspended for not declaring their AI use and that ChatGPT had been used in editing the document. The officials used the AI tools and their output went into the draft (communicated_with); the department suspended them in response. Which tool produced which fictitious reference is not established: the director-general linked the references to an AI translation of a Chilean document.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"South Africa's communications department suspends two officials after its draft AI policy cited fictitious sources; minister says AI use went undeclared","summary":"South Africa's Department of Communications and Digital Technologies placed two officials on precautionary suspension with immediate effect, a step the director-general confirmed on 30 April 2026, pending an investigation into the Draft National Artificial Intelligence Policy, which had been gazetted for public comment on 10 April and was withdrawn after News24 and others found fictitious academic sources in its reference list. The department said the irresponsible use of AI tools had compromised the integrity of the document. Briefing Parliament's portfolio committee on 26 May, Minister Solly Malatsi said the two officials were suspended for failing to declare that they used AI, that it had been said ChatGPT was used in editing the document, and that there had been massive oversight and non-disclosure around the use of AI in the policy and its references. The director-general told the committee that the officials had used AI to translate a document from Chile from Spanish into English and that the references came from that document. A new expert panel is guiding a redraft. The officials are not named and the outcome of the investigation is not reported in the sources read.","incidentDate":"2026-04-10","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-04-24","aiSystem":"AI tools used in drafting South Africa's Draft National AI Policy; the minister told Parliament it had been said that ChatGPT was used in editing the document","aiProduct":"ChatGPT (reported)","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["professional_harm","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to the department and the minister, two officials were placed on precautionary suspension over undeclared AI use in a national policy document that was withdrawn for citing fictitious sources.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":2,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"Two people: the two officials the department placed on precautionary suspension (TimesLive's report of the department statement; EWN's report of the minister's briefing). The Home Affairs officials suspended over a separate white paper are a different event and are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"ZA","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"internal_action","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2026-05-01-two-officials-suspended-over-ai-generated-draft-ai-policy/","primarySourceLabel":"TimesLive, Two officials suspended over AI-generated draft AI policy (1 May 2026)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-17T03:08:26.175626+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T03:08:26.175626+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["south-africa","public-sector","policy-document","fictitious-references","suspension"]},{"id":"2026-chaco-saenz-pena-fbi-alert-over-chatgpt-school-shooting-plan-two-men-detained","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'bajo directivas de la Fiscalía Federal de Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, iniciaron actuaciones de investigación criminal a raíz de una alerta emitida por el FBI'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'La investigación se inició a partir de una alerta de la Oficina Federal de Investigaciones (FBI) de Estados Unidos'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Gendarmería Nacional says its investigators, under the federal prosecutor of Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, opened a criminal investigation after an alert issued by the FBI.","causal_attribution":"Official release; Infobae relays the same official information, so one origin."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'mediante consultas en la plataforma de inteligencia artificial Chat GPT, afirmaba poseer armas, explosivos y municiones junto con un plan detallado para perpetrar un tiroteo masivo en establecimientos educativos locales'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'un usuario radicado en Chaco había realizado consultas en la plataforma de inteligencia artificial en las que afirmaba contar con armas, explosivos y municiones'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"According to Gendarmería, the alert warned of a user in Roque Sáenz Peña who, in consultations on ChatGPT, claimed to possess weapons, explosives and ammunition and a detailed plan for a mass shooting at local educational establishments.","causal_attribution":"Gendarmería's description of the FBI alert; the consultations themselves and ChatGPT's replies are not published."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'debido a que los dos involucrados utilizaban la plataforma Chat GPT para consultar y obtener un plan específico para realizar un ataque en un Centro Educativo'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The release's opening paragraph says the two people involved used ChatGPT to consult and obtain a specific plan for an attack on an educational centre.","causal_attribution":"Official summary sentence; its body describes one user, and no source says what ChatGPT supplied."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Con la orden emitida por el Juzgado Federal de Garantías'; 'secuestraron dos agendas con anotaciones manuscritas que reflejan la planificación logística para la comisión del atentado'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Durante el procedimiento encontraron dos agendas con anotaciones manuscritas'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"On a federal court order, gendarmes searched the home and seized two notebooks with handwritten notes on the logistics of the attack, bladed weapons and tools, a fuel can, a book with Nazi symbols, cash and computers.","causal_attribution":"Official account of the search."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'los gendarmes procedieron a la detención comunicada de dos ciudadanos mayores de edad, quienes quedaron alojados en sedes policiales a disposición de la magistratura interviniente'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Gendarmería Nacional logró detener en Chaco a dos sujetos'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"On the judge's order, two adults were detained and held at the disposal of the court.","causal_attribution":"Official account; Perfil relays it via the NA agency."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'La investigación comenzó después de que el FBI detectara que uno de los sospechosos utilizaba ChatGPT para realizar consultas vinculadas con la preparación de un ataque armado'; 'El blanco era la Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Infobae reports, citing the official information, that the FBI detected one of the suspects using ChatGPT for queries about preparing an armed attack, and names the target as a university in Corrientes.","causal_attribution":"One outlet's account drawing on the official information."}],"effects":[{"label":"home searched and two adults detained after an FBI alert about ChatGPT consultations","claim_id":"c5","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.argentina.gob.ar/noticias/chaco-gendarmes-detuvieron-dos-hombres-que-mediante-inteligencia-artificial-planificaban-un","kind":"official_statement","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish, read in the original; the English renderings in claims and public text were made by the research agent (an AI) and were not reviewed by a human translator. Gendarmería Nacional release on argentina.gob.ar, 13 October 2026, read live (HTTP 200).","independence_group":"gendarmeria-nacional-release-2026-10-13"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.infobae.com/sociedad/policiales/2026/10/13/detuvieron-a-dos-jovenes-chaquenos-que-planeaban-un-tiroteo-en-una-universidad-el-fbi-los-detecto-por-sus-consultas-a-chatgpt/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish, read in the original; the English renderings in claims and public text were made by the research agent (an AI) and were not reviewed by a human translator. Infobae, 13 October 2026, read live (HTTP 200); relays the official information.","independence_group":"gendarmeria-nacional-release-2026-10-13"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.perfil.com/noticias/nea/chaco-cayeron-dos-jovenes-acusados-de-planificar-con-inteligencia-artificial-un-tiroteo-masivo-en-una-universidad.phtml","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish, read in the original; the English renderings in claims and public text were made by the research agent (an AI) and were not reviewed by a human translator. Perfil, 13 October 2026, read live (HTTP 200); relays the account via the NA agency.","independence_group":"gendarmeria-nacional-release-2026-10-13"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["justice"],"unknowns":["What ChatGPT replied to the consultations, and whether it supplied any plan","Who detected the consultations and how they reached the FBI","The date of the search and the detentions","Whether both detainees used ChatGPT (the release body describes one user, its opening paragraph says both)","Any charge or court finding; the accusations are allegations"],"geography":{"basis":"The release places the user, the search and the detentions in Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco, Argentina, under an Argentine federal prosecutor and court. The FBI that issued the alert is a US agency, but no event in the United States is described.","court_countries":["AR"],"event_countries":["AR"],"affected_person_countries":["AR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a reported case on Gendarmería Nacional's own release, relayed by Infobae and Perfil: an FBI alert about a user's ChatGPT consultations describing weapons and a school-shooting plan led to a court-ordered search and the detention of two adults in Chaco. All press items rest on the one official account; the planned attack is an allegation.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-14"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Gendarmería Nacional's release says the investigation began from an FBI alert concerning a user's consultations on ChatGPT, in which he claimed to have weapons, explosives and ammunition and a detailed plan for a school shooting; the search and the two detentions followed from that investigation. The person's exchanges with the chatbot are what triggered the alert (communicated_with). What ChatGPT replied, and who detected the consultations and passed them to the FBI, are not reported.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Chaco, Argentina: Gendarmería says two men were detained after an FBI alert that one of them told ChatGPT he had weapons and a plan for a school shooting","summary":"Argentina's Gendarmería Nacional said on 13 October 2026 that its investigators in Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco, under the direction of the federal prosecutor there, opened a criminal investigation after an alert from the US FBI. According to the release, the alert warned of a user in the town who, in consultations on ChatGPT, claimed to have weapons, explosives and ammunition and a detailed plan for a mass shooting at local educational establishments; the release's opening paragraph says the two people involved used ChatGPT to consult and obtain a specific plan for an attack. Gendarmes searched a home on a federal court order, seized notebooks with handwritten plans for the attack, bladed weapons and tools, a fuel can, a book with Nazi symbols, cash and computers, and detained two adults on the judge's order. Infobae, relaying the official information, reports that the target was a university in Corrientes. The accusations are allegations, and what ChatGPT replied is not reported.","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-13","aiSystem":"ChatGPT (named by Gendarmería Nacional as the platform \"Chat GPT\"): the alert concerned a user's consultations on it in which he claimed to have weapons, explosives and ammunition and a plan for a school shooting. Who detected the consultations and passed them to the FBI is not stated.","aiProduct":"ChatGPT (reported)","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["loss_of_liberty","legal_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to Gendarmería Nacional, an FBI alert about a user's ChatGPT consultations describing weapons and a school-shooting plan led to a court-ordered search of a home in Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña and the detention of two adults, who remain at the disposal of the federal court; no charge or finding is reported.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"Two adults detained, per the Gendarmería release (\"dos ciudadanos mayores de edad\"). The release body describes one user whose ChatGPT consultations the FBI alert concerned, and Infobae says one of the suspects used ChatGPT; that person is counted as a participant user. The release's opening paragraph says both used ChatGPT, but the body and the press describe one user, so the second detainee is counted as another person harmed. No one at the targeted institutions is reported harmed.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"AR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"investigation_opened","outcomeStatus":"pending","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.argentina.gob.ar/noticias/chaco-gendarmes-detuvieron-dos-hombres-que-mediante-inteligencia-artificial-planificaban-un","primarySourceLabel":"Gendarmería Nacional (argentina.gob.ar), 13 October 2026: two men detained in Chaco over a planned shooting","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-14T03:05:19.420524+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-14T03:05:19.420524+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["chatgpt","fbi","law-enforcement-report","arrest","alleged-attack-plan","argentina","chaco","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-spanish-dubbing-actor-claudio-serrano-says-ai-platform-offers-unauthorised-clone-of-his-voice","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'una plataforma estadounidense de la que no comenta el nombre para no hacer publicidad cuenta con un perfil en el que aparece su nombre, su imagen e incluso un extracto de su voz clonada presentándose'; 'una plataforma de inteligencia artificial clone su voz sin su permiso'; 'estuviera ahí y lo pudiera usar cualquier para hacer lo que le diera la gana'; 'mucho cuidado con lo que se le está dando gratis a la IA'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'una plataforma estadounidense incluye un perfil con su nombre, su imagen y un extracto de una voz clonada que se presenta como si fuera él.'; 'Serrano compartió su denuncia a través de TikTok.'; 'estuviera ahí y lo pudiera usar cualquiera para hacer lo que le diera la gana'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Serrano says a US-based platform, which he did not name, has a profile with his name, his image and an excerpt of a clone of his voice presenting itself, made without his permission, and that the voice sits there for anyone to use for whatever they want; Computer Hoy and Infobae describe it as an artificial intelligence platform.","causal_attribution":"The actor's own account in a video, relayed by two outlets (one origin)."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'la propia plataforma le pide un captcha de voz para verificar que es el Serrano original'; '\"Los abogados están con ello y a ver qué podemos hacer\", asegura Serrano.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'la plataforma le solicita superar un captcha de voz para demostrar que él es la persona que presenta la denuncia.'; '“Los abogados están con ello y a ver qué podemos hacer”, aseguró Serrano'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Serrano says the platform asked him to pass a voice captcha to verify his identity when he complained, and that his lawyers are working on the matter.","causal_attribution":"The actor's own account, relayed by two outlets (one origin)."},{"id":"c3","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"'\"desc\":\"Lo de que te clonen la voz sin tu permiso… #clonar #IA #doblaje #locucion #voiceover  ¿Qué opináis? Os leo.'; '\"createTime\":\"1789138430\"'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Serrano posted a TikTok video captioned 'Lo de que te clonen la voz sin tu permiso…' on 11 September 2026 (TikTok createTime 1789138430).","causal_attribution":"The post's own caption and platform timestamp."}],"effects":[{"label":"voice cloned and offered on an AI platform under his name and image without permission","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"asked by the platform to pass a voice captcha to complain; lawyers engaged","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://computerhoy.20minutos.es/tecnologia/actor-doblaje-batman-drama-los-derechos-autor-mucho-cuidado-con-que-le-damos-gratis-ia-volvamos-hacer-las-cosas-bien_7038152_0.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-13 through the MSN syndication copy (assets.msn.com Detail JSON, provider Computer Hoy, published 2026-10-12T06:45Z); the origin returned HTTP 403. Translation by the research agent (an AI). Relays Serrano's TikTok video.","independence_group":"serrano-tiktok-video"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.infobae.com/tecno/2026/10/12/la-voz-de-batman-y-ant-man-en-espanol-denuncio-que-una-ia-clono-su-voz-sin-autorizacion/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-13 (HTTP 200). Translation by the research agent (an AI). Relays the same TikTok video, so it shares an independence group with s1.","independence_group":"serrano-tiktok-video"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.tiktok.com/@claudioserrano_oficial/video/7684291025673751841","kind":"first_person_account","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"TikTok oEmbed and page JSON read on 2026-10-13 (HTTP 200): caption and createTime only; the video's audio was not inspected. Translation by the research agent (an AI).","independence_group":"serrano-tiktok-video"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","privacy"],"unknowns":["The platform's name, its description of the voice and how the clone was made","When the profile appeared and whether anyone has used the cloned voice","Any response from the platform and the outcome of his lawyers' work","The full content of the TikTok video (audio not inspected)"],"geography":{"basis":"Event: the platform is described as US-based, but a provider's headquarters does not locate the event and where the profile was made or accessed is not stated. Affected person: he is described as a Spanish dubbing actor; nationality and working language do not establish where he was when affected. No court is involved.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a reported first-person account: dubbing actor Claudio Serrano said in a TikTok video of 11 September 2026, relayed by Computer Hoy and Infobae, that an unnamed US-based AI platform offers a clone of his voice under his name and image without his permission, that it asked him for a voice captcha when he complained, and that his lawyers are working on it. The platform is unnamed and its account is unknown. He is named as a public performer who made the complaint publicly himself.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-13"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Serrano says, in his own TikTok video as relayed by Computer Hoy and Infobae, that a US-based platform carries a profile with his name and image and an excerpt of a clone of his voice presenting itself, and that the voice sits there for anyone to use for whatever they want; in the same video he warns about what is given free to AI. The basis for AI generation is the platform's offering as he observed it: a voice on a platform profile that anyone can use to say whatever they want is a reusable generated voice, which a recording or a human imitator cannot be. Both outlets describe it as an artificial intelligence platform. The cloned voice impersonates him (depicted_or_impersonated) and is the object of his complaint. The platform is unnamed and its listing was not inspected for this record, so the platform's own description of the voice and how it was made rest on his account.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Spanish dubbing actor Claudio Serrano says a US-based AI platform offers an unauthorised clone of his voice under his name and image","summary":"Claudio Serrano, the Spanish dubbing actor who is the Spanish-language voice of Batman and Ant-Man, said in a TikTok video posted on 11 September 2026 that a US-based artificial intelligence platform, which he did not name, has a profile carrying his name, his image and an excerpt of a clone of his voice presenting itself, made and offered without his permission. Computer Hoy and Infobae relayed the video on 12 October 2026. Serrano said that when he tried to complain, the platform asked him to pass a voice captcha to prove he is the real Serrano, and that his lawyers are working on the matter. The platform's account of the voice, its name and any response are unknown.","incidentKind":"ongoing_experience","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-12","aiSystem":"Unnamed US-based AI platform offering a cloned version of the actor's voice on a profile with his name and image, as he describes it","aiProduct":"Unidentified voice-cloning tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Serrano says an AI platform offers a clone of his voice under his name and image without his permission, that it asked him to pass a voice captcha when he complained, and that his lawyers are working on the matter.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person: Serrano, whose voice he says was cloned and offered (claim c1). He did not use the platform to make the clone. No users of the cloned voice or people deceived by it are reported.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://computerhoy.20minutos.es/tecnologia/actor-doblaje-batman-drama-los-derechos-autor-mucho-cuidado-con-que-le-damos-gratis-ia-volvamos-hacer-las-cosas-bien_7038152_0.html","primarySourceLabel":"Computer Hoy, 12 October 2026: the Batman dubbing actor and the copyright drama","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-13T03:13:36.683256+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-13T03:13:36.683256+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["voice-cloning","voice-actor","dubbing","unauthorised-use","first-person-account","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2026-campeche-high-school-pupils-accuse-classmate-of-ai-nude-images-of-girls","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'La Inteligencia Artificial (IA) para hacer fotos obscenas ha alcanzado a la escuela preparatoria'; 'alumnos denunciaron a un compañero que realiza imágenes de compañeras sin ropa con aplicaciones digitales'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Pupils accused a classmate of making images of female classmates without clothes with digital applications; the paper describes this as AI used to make obscene photos.","causal_attribution":"The pupils' accusation as reported by one local paper; the application is unnamed."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'al no ser una foto real y usar la cara de sus compañeras'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The paper says the images are not real photos and use the girls' faces.","causal_attribution":"The paper's description, given in a passage on the state's digital-harassment law; no examination of the images is reported."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'lo acusaron con docentes y administrativos de la preparatoria, sin que hasta ahora se tenga conocimiento de acciones que protejan la integridad de las jóvenes'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The pupils accused the classmate before teachers and administrators, and no action to protect the girls was known.","causal_attribution":"One local paper; no statement from the school is reported."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'sus compañeros de clase y algunas de las afectadas protestaron en medio del homenaje oficial de la escuela'; 'los encargados del sonido apagaron el audio'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"On Monday classmates and some of the affected girls protested during the school's official ceremony, and the sound was switched off when they tried to use the microphone.","causal_attribution":"La Jornada Maya; La Chispa's account of staff conduct at the same protest is recorded in c6."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'los alumnos del turno vespertino respaldaron a sus compañeros del matutino con una manifestación pacífica a la entrada de la escuela'; 'el reclamo ya llegó a padres de familias que están buscando respuesta'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Afternoon-shift pupils held a peaceful demonstration at the school entrance in support, and parents were seeking a response and protection for the girls.","causal_attribution":"One local paper."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'los manifestantes intentaron tomar la palabra a través del micrófono para hacer pública su demanda, pero los docentes presentes apagaron el equipo de sonido para evitar las intervenciones'; 'Ante los reclamos de los estudiantes para que reactivaran el micrófono, los profesores se negaron argumentando que tenían instrucciones superiores de no ceder la voz ni el equipo a los inconformes'; 'la directora del plantel ignoró el reclamo del alumnado, limitándose a observar a las jóvenes que levantaban carteles de protesta para posteriormente retirarse a su oficina sin atender el problema'; 'Los alumnos denunciaron públicamente la falta de empatía y la postura evasiva de las autoridades escolares'; 'Los jóvenes exigieron que se haga justicia por las víctimas y se apliquen sanciones concretas'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"La Chispa reports that during the protest the teachers present switched off the sound equipment when pupils tried to use the microphone and refused to switch it back on, saying they had instructions from above not to give the floor or the equipment to the protesters; that the school's director watched the girls holding protest placards and then withdrew to her office without addressing the complaint; and that pupils demanded concrete sanctions and publicly criticised the school authorities' lack of empathy and evasive stance.","causal_attribution":"One outlet's account (La Chispa, 6 October 2026); its sourcing is not stated, and no statement from the school is reported."}],"effects":[{"label":"female pupils were depicted without clothes in images a classmate is accused of making with AI apps","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"pupils and affected girls protested that the school took no known action to protect the girls","claim_id":"c3","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.lajornadamaya.mx/campeche/269096/campeche-denuncian-a-alumno-de-preparatoria-por-realizar-fotos-con-ia-de-sus-companeras-sin-ropa","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-06 (La Jornada Maya, Campeche section, dated 05/10/2026, San Francisco de Campeche; HTTP 200); no human translator reviewed it. English renderings are the agent's own. 'Denunciaron' is rendered as accused or reported to staff, because the report describes an accusation to teachers and administrators and no complaint to prosecutors. The cited URL uses a shortened slug that omits the school's name and serves the same article (HTTP 200, 2026-10-06); the record does not repeat the school's name; the page's related-article list is not used.","independence_group":"la-jornada-maya-campeche-2026-10-05"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://lachispa.mx/protestan-por-acoso-escolar-con-ia-que-paso/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-11 (HTTP 200; page datePublished 2026-10-06); no human translator reviewed it, and English renderings are the agent's own. La Chispa does not cite La Jornada Maya and carries details absent from it (teachers citing instructions from above, the director watching girls holding placards), so it is grouped separately; it does not say whether its reporter attended the protest or relied on pupils' accounts. Its body states the accusation as fact and names the accused pupil; the record keeps the accusation attributed, omits the name, and the locators avoid it.","independence_group":"la-chispa-campeche-2026-10-06"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy"],"unknowns":["Which application was used and how many girls were depicted.","Whether the images were shared beyond the pupil's tablet.","Any statement from the school or the accused pupil; La Chispa describes only staff conduct at the protest.","Whether a complaint was made to police or prosecutors."],"geography":{"basis":"La Jornada Maya reports the accusation and protests at an upper-secondary school in Campeche, Mexico, under a San Francisco de Campeche dateline. No court step is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["MX"],"affected_person_countries":["MX"]},"publication":{"basis":"A local paper reports that pupils accused a classmate of making nude images of female classmates with AI apps and protested the school's inaction; a second local outlet, La Chispa, describes staff conduct at the protest. All claims are reported, and the school, the accused pupil and the girls are left unidentified.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-06"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"La Jornada Maya reports that pupils accused a classmate of making images of female classmates without clothes with digital applications, describes this as AI used to make obscene photos, and says the images are not real photos but use the girls' faces. The generated images depict the girls (depicted_or_impersonated). The application is not named and no forensic finding is reported.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Campeche, Mexico: pupils accuse a high-school classmate of making AI nude images of female classmates and protest school inaction, a local paper reports","summary":"La Jornada Maya reported on 5 October 2026 that pupils at an upper-secondary school (preparatoria) in Campeche, Mexico, accused a classmate of making images of female classmates without clothes using digital applications, which the paper describes as AI used to make obscene photos and as images that are not real photos but use the girls' faces. The pupils reported him to teachers and administrators. According to the paper, no action to protect the girls was known, and on Monday classmates and some of the affected girls protested during the school's official ceremony, where the sound was cut off when they tried to use the microphone. Afternoon-shift pupils later held a peaceful demonstration at the school entrance and parents were seeking a response. No complaint to prosecutors or police is reported.","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-05","aiSystem":"Unidentified digital applications that, according to La Jornada Maya, a pupil used to make images of female classmates without clothes, which the paper attributes to AI","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"unverified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Female pupils in Campeche were depicted without clothes in images that a classmate is accused of making with AI apps, according to La Jornada Maya; pupils protested the school's lack of action.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"unquantified","affectedCountEvidence":"La Jornada Maya speaks of female classmates and of some of the affected girls in the plural but gives no number. No reliable count; zero placeholders.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"MX","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.lajornadamaya.mx/campeche/269096/campeche-denuncian-a-alumno-de-preparatoria-por-realizar-fotos-con-ia-de-sus-companeras-sin-ropa","primarySourceLabel":"La Jornada Maya, 5 October 2026: Campeche pupils accuse a high-school classmate of making AI nude images of female classmates","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-06T03:21:50.916694+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-11T07:47:44.914228+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-generated-sexual-images","deepfake","non-consensual-imagery","school","minors","mexico","campeche","ley-olimpia","depicted-or-impersonated","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-langreo-asturias-ai-nude-images-young-women-whatsapp-group-police-investigation","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'imágenes falsas generadas mediante herramientas de inteligencia artificial a partir de fotografías reales de jóvenes obtenidas de sus perfiles en redes sociales y manipuladas para hacerlas aparecer desnudas sin su consentimiento'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'creadas a partir de fotografías reales de jóvenes obtenidas de sus perfiles en redes sociales y manipuladas'; 'las modificaban mediante herramientas de IA'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"According to the Policía Nacional, fake images were generated with AI tools from real photographs of young women taken from their social media profiles and altered to make them appear naked without their consent.","causal_attribution":"Police account relayed by three outlets (one chain); no tool or forensic report is described."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Posteriormente, las imágenes eran difundidas a través de un grupo de WhatsApp'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"According to the police account, the images were shared through a WhatsApp group.","causal_attribution":"Police account; the size of the group and the reach of the images are not reported."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'tuvo conocimiento de la difusión de una imagen en la que aparecía desnuda pese a que la fotografía original había sido tomada cuando estaba vestida'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'aportó a los investigadores tanto la imagen original como la manipulada mediante inteligencia artificial'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The investigation began when one of the women reported an image in which she appeared naked although the original photograph showed her clothed, and she gave investigators the original and the altered image.","causal_attribution":"Police account of the first complaint."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Hasta el momento han sido identificadas 15 posibles víctimas, de las que 13 ya han presentado denuncia'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'han sido identificadas 15 posibles víctimas, de las cuales 13 ya han presentado la correspondiente denuncia'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Police have identified 15 possible victims, 13 of whom have filed complaints.","causal_attribution":"Police count as of 28 August 2026; the investigation remained open."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'identificar al presunto responsable de la creación y difusión de las imágenes y los hechos han sido puestos en conocimiento de la autoridad judicial'; 'La investigación permanece abierta para determinar si existen nuevas personas afectadas'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Hay una persona identificada como presunto autor de los hechos'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Police identified the suspected maker and distributor of the images and reported the facts to the judicial authority; the investigation remains open.","causal_attribution":"Police step as reported; no arrest or charge is reported."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'que pertenece al círculo de amistades de las víctimas'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"El Comercio reports that the suspect belongs to the victims' circle of friends.","causal_attribution":"Single-outlet detail; its basis is not stated."}],"effects":[{"label":"social media photographs of young women were altered with AI tools to show them naked without their consent","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"the fake images were shared through a WhatsApp group","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.europapress.es/asturias/noticia-policia-investiga-difusion-langreo-imagenes-falsas-15-jovenes-desnudas-creadas-ia-20260828130750.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-05 (Europa Press, published 28 August 2026); no human translator reviewed it. Relays the Policía Nacional statement; same chain as the other sources. The Spanish uses feminine forms for the people depicted, rendered as young women.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-langreo-statement-2026-08-28"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.elcomercio.es/area-metropolitana-asturias/cuencas/investigan-langreo-fotos-falsas-desnudas-ia-20260828140239-nt.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-05 (El Comercio, published 28 August 2026); no human translator reviewed it. Relays the Policía Nacional statement; same chain as the other sources. It adds that the suspect belongs to the circle of friends of the people depicted; the basis for that detail is not stated. The page is marked subscriber-only; the saved copy carries the article text through to the closing police recommendations, and the passages used are in it.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-langreo-statement-2026-08-28"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.lne.es/cuencas/2026/08/28/imagenes-falsos-desnudos-generados-ia-133733443.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-05 (La Nueva España, published 28 August 2026); no human translator reviewed it. Relays the Policía Nacional statement; same chain as the other sources. It quotes the police statement directly.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-langreo-statement-2026-08-28"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["privacy","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["The ages of the young women and whether any is a minor.","Which AI tool was used and when the images were made.","How many people were in the WhatsApp group and whether the images spread further or were removed.","Whether the suspect has been arrested or charged."],"geography":{"basis":"The Policía Nacional station of Langreo-San Martín del Rey Aurelio, in Asturias, Spain, is investigating the creation and sharing of the images in Langreo (Europa Press). The reports do not state where the women live. The facts were reported to the judicial authority; no court step is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["ES"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter: police say photographs of young women were altered with AI to show them naked and shared in a WhatsApp group, with 13 complaints filed. The account is one Policía Nacional statement relayed by Europa Press, El Comercio and La Nueva España; all claims are reported. No one depicted and no suspect is named.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-05"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The Policía Nacional says the fake images were generated with AI tools from real photographs of the young women, and the first complainant gave investigators the original photograph and the altered image (Europa Press; El Comercio; La Nueva España). The images depict the women (depicted_or_impersonated). No tool is named and no forensic report is described.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Langreo, Asturias, Spain: Policía Nacional investigates fake nude images of young women made with AI tools from their social media photos and shared in a WhatsApp group; 15 possible victims identified, 13 complaints filed and a suspect identified, reported on 28 August 2026","summary":"According to a Policía Nacional statement relayed by Europa Press, El Comercio and La Nueva España on 28 August 2026, police in Langreo are investigating the creation and sharing of fake images made with AI tools from real photographs of young women. The photographs were taken from their social media profiles and altered to make them appear naked without their consent, and the images were then shared through a WhatsApp group. The investigation began when one of the women reported that an image of her was circulating in which she appeared naked although the original photograph showed her clothed; she gave investigators both versions. Police have identified 15 possible victims, 13 of whom have filed complaints, and have identified a suspect and reported the facts to the judicial authority. El Comercio reports that the suspect belongs to the victims' circle of friends. The investigation remains open to establish whether more people are affected.","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-08-28","aiSystem":"Unidentified AI tools used, according to the Policía Nacional, to alter social media photographs of young women so that they appeared naked","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Police say social media photographs of young women were altered with AI tools to show them naked without their consent and shared through a WhatsApp group; 15 possible victims are identified and 13 have filed complaints (Policía Nacional statement via Europa Press, El Comercio and La Nueva España).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":13,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"Police have identified 15 possible victims, of whom 13 have filed complaints (Europa Press; El Comercio; La Nueva España). The minimum counts the 13 complainants; the two further possible victims and any not yet identified are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"ES","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"investigation_opened","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.europapress.es/asturias/noticia-policia-investiga-difusion-langreo-imagenes-falsas-15-jovenes-desnudas-creadas-ia-20260828130750.html","primarySourceLabel":"Europa Press, 28 August 2026: Police investigate the sharing in Langreo of fake nude images of 15 young women made with AI","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-05T03:24:18.521189+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-05T03:24:18.521189+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-generated-sexual-images","undress-tool","whatsapp-group","spain","asturias","langreo","policia-nacional","investigation","depicted-or-impersonated","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-asuncion-una-students-anonymous-site-intimate-and-ai-altered-images","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Esta página difunde imágenes íntimas de alumnas, profesoras y funcionarias de la institución sin autorización'; 'El contenido publicado incluye fotografías reales y material adulterado mediante el uso de inteligencia artificial'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Algunas de las publicaciones incluso habrían sido alteradas mediante herramientas de inteligencia artificial para generar montajes'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Students of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción reported an anonymous website that shares intimate images of students, teachers and staff without authorisation, including real photographs and material altered with AI.","causal_attribution":"The students' account as relayed by two outlets (one chain); no tool or forensic finding is reported."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Añadió que dichos mensajes fueron compartidos y en algunos casos imágenes generadas por IA de contenido sexual'; 'estas alumnas estaban siendo expuestas a través de Telegram y otras plataformas'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The Minister of Women said that in some cases AI-generated images of sexual content were shared and that the students were being exposed through Telegram and other platforms.","causal_attribution":"The minister's statement as reported by La Nación; the basis of the ministry's finding is messages it says it saw."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'una plataforma utilizada para la distribución no consentida de fotografías íntimas y contenido adulterado con inteligencia artificial'; 'se exponen nombres completos, imágenes y números telefónicos de estudiantes'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"La Tribuna, reporting the findings of the police cybercrime department, describes the portal as used for the non-consensual distribution of intimate photographs and AI-altered content; according to a memorandum signed by the head of the department, a Paraguay section exposes full names, images and phone numbers of students.","causal_attribution":"The description of the portal and the AI wording are La Tribuna's narration of the department's findings; the Paraguay section is attributed to the memorandum, which was not read."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Al menos una veintena de alumnas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción (UNA) denunció la difusión no autorizada de imágenes íntimas y fotografías manipuladas mediante inteligencia artificial'; 'la publicación de este material comenzó el viernes y que la circulación se incrementó durante el fin de semana'; 'posteriormente aparecieron contenidos relacionados en grupos de Telegram y WhatsApp'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"At least about twenty students complained, one said the posting began on a Friday and grew over the weekend, and related content later appeared in Telegram and WhatsApp groups.","causal_attribution":"Students' accounts as reported by El Nacional; the count is of complainants and is not a count of people depicted in AI-altered images."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'la universidad remitió los antecedentes al Ministerio Público, al Departamento de Cibercrimen de la Policía Nacional y al Ministerio de la Mujer'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Ya se ha iniciado una investigación; a través del Ministerio Público tenemos un fiscal de la causa y hay personas que se acercaron a denunciar'; 'una orden judicial para bloquear el acceso al portal en todo el territorio paraguayo'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"The university referred the case to the Public Ministry, the police cybercrime department and the Ministry of Women; the cybercrime chief said an investigation had begun with a prosecutor assigned, and police suggested a court order to block the portal in Paraguay.","causal_attribution":"Institutional steps as reported; no outcome of the investigation is reported."}],"effects":[{"label":"intimate images of university students, teachers and staff, some altered with AI, were shared without consent on an anonymous website","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"the site exposed students' full names, images and phone numbers, according to a police cybercrime report","claim_id":"c3","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://elnacional.com.py/nacionales/denuncian-difusion-imagenes-intimas-adulteradas-alumnas-una-n112442","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent on 2026-10-05 (El Nacional, published 22 September 2026); no human translator reviewed it. Relays affected students and university statements; same chain as the Hoy report. The page declares ISO-8859-1 and the saved copy was converted to UTF-8 before reading. It names one student representative, who is not named here.","independence_group":"una-students-and-university-statements-2026-09"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.hoy.com.py/nacionales/2026/09/21/escandalo-en-fada-una-denuncian-red-de-difusion-de-imagenes-intimas-y-adulteradas","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent on 2026-10-05 (Hoy, published 21 September 2026); no human translator reviewed it. Relays affected students and the faculty and rectorate statements; same chain as the El Nacional report. The saved page also carries unrelated election items, which are not used.","independence_group":"una-students-and-university-statements-2026-09"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.lanacion.com.py/pais/2026/09/22/investigan-difusion-de-imagenes-intimas-alteradas-con-ia-de-universitarias/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent on 2026-10-05 (La Nación, published 22 September 2026); no human translator reviewed it. Carries the Minister of Women speaking on a radio and television programme and a brief remark by the cybercrime chief. The minister bases her remarks on messages from UNA students and contact with student-centre representatives; same chain as the Hoy and El Nacional reports.","independence_group":"una-students-and-university-statements-2026-09"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.latribuna.com.py/sucesos/policiales/2026/09/24/acoso-digital-en-la-una-policia-rastrea-a-administradores-de-sitio/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the research agent on 2026-10-05 (La Tribuna, published 24 September 2026); no human translator reviewed it. Reports a police cybercrime memorandum and remarks by the head of that department; the memorandum itself was not read.","independence_group":"paraguay-police-cybercrime-report-2026-09-24"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy"],"unknowns":["How many people were depicted in AI-altered or AI-generated images and which tools were used.","Who ran the site and who uploaded the material.","Whether the site has been blocked or the content removed, and the result of the request to Cloudflare.","The calendar date on which the posting began; one student places it on the Friday before the reports of 21 and 22 September 2026."],"geography":{"basis":"The complaints come from students of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción in Paraguay, and Paraguayan police and prosecutors are investigating (Hoy; La Tribuna). Police say the site uses domains outside the country (La Nación). The reports do not state where the people depicted live. No court step is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["PY"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter: university students report that intimate images and AI-altered sexual images of them were shared without consent, and police and prosecutors are investigating. Two chains were read: the students' accounts with university statements and the Minister of Women's remarks based on the students' messages, and a police cybercrime memorandum as reported by La Tribuna; all claims are kept at reported, and no one depicted is named.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-05"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Students say some of the images were altered with AI tools to make montages (El Nacional; Hoy); the Minister of Women says AI-generated images of sexual content were shared in some cases (La Nación); La Tribuna, reporting the police cybercrime department's findings, describes AI-altered content on the portal. The images depict the students (depicted_or_impersonated). No tool is named and no forensic finding on individual images is reported.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Asunción, Paraguay: students of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción report an anonymous website sharing intimate images of students, teachers and staff without consent, some altered or generated with AI; police cybercrime investigators and a prosecutor open an investigation, reported 21 to 24 September 2026","summary":"According to Hoy (21 September 2026) and El Nacional (22 September), students of the architecture faculty of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción reported an anonymous website that shared intimate images of students, teachers and staff without authorisation, including real photographs and material altered with AI. El Nacional reports that at least about twenty students complained, that some posts used photographs taken from social media, and that related content later appeared in Telegram and WhatsApp groups. The Minister of Women said her ministry had seen messages in which UNA students raised concern about content of them held without consent, and that in some cases AI-generated images of sexual content were shared (La Nación, 22 September). La Tribuna, reporting the findings of the police cybercrime department, describes the portal as used for the non-consensual distribution of intimate photographs and AI-altered content; according to a memorandum signed by the head of the department, a Paraguay section exposes full names, images and phone numbers of students (24 September). The university referred the case to prosecutors and police, and police suggested that prosecutors seek a court order to block the site in Paraguay. No person responsible has been publicly identified.","incidentDate":"2026-09-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-21","aiSystem":"Unidentified AI tools reported to have been used to alter or generate sexual images of students from photographs, some taken from social media (students' accounts, the Minister of Women and a police cybercrime report)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Students report that intimate images and AI-altered sexual images of them were shared without consent on an anonymous website and in Telegram and WhatsApp groups (Hoy; El Nacional); a police cybercrime report says the site also exposed students' full names and phone numbers (La Tribuna).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"unquantified","affectedCountEvidence":"El Nacional reports that at least about twenty students complained about the sharing of intimate images and AI-manipulated photographs, and the Minister of Women says AI-generated sexual images were shared in some cases. No report gives the number of people whose images were altered or generated with AI. Unquantified; numeric fields are zero placeholders.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"PY","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"investigation_opened","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://elnacional.com.py/nacionales/denuncian-difusion-imagenes-intimas-adulteradas-alumnas-una-n112442","primarySourceLabel":"El Nacional (Paraguay), 22 September 2026: Students report sharing of intimate and altered images of UNA students","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-05T03:15:41.227034+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-05T03:15:41.227034+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-generated-sexual-images","non-consensual-intimate-images","university","anonymous-website","telegram","paraguay","asuncion","investigation","depicted-or-impersonated","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-economist-gonzalo-bernardos-ai-images-video-fake-investment-ads-invented-arrest","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'hemos detectado, al menos, 20 anuncios que circularon en X entre el 24 y el 25 de septiembre de 2026 que parecen involucrar al economista español Gonzalo Bernardos en supuestas escenas de corrupción con imágenes generadas con IA'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'En total, fueron vistos más de 400.000 veces'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Maldita.es found at least 20 ads that circulated on X on 24 and 25 September 2026 and that appear to involve Bernardos in supposed corruption scenes through AI-generated images; in total they were seen more than 400,000 times.","causal_attribution":"Maldita.es reports its own count from browsing X; it calls the figure a minimum."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'una imagen que supuestamente muestra a la Policía Nacional registrando la casa de Gonzalo Bernardos'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'puede llevarte a una web que suplanta a El Mundo donde se asegura que Bernardos ha sido “detenido por promocionar una plataforma de inversión”'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"According to Maldita.es, one ad image supposedly shows police searching the home of Bernardos, and the ad link could lead to a page imitating El Mundo that says Bernardos was arrested for promoting an investment platform.","causal_attribution":"Maldita.es describes the ads and landing pages it inspected; it says the image is not real and that there is no trace of the search having happened."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'hemos comprobado que todas las imágenes de los anuncios han sido generadas con inteligencia artificial'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'La herramienta de OpenAI para identificar si un contenido ha sido generado con alguna de sus herramientas ha detectado en todas la marca de agua digital de SynthID'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Maldita.es says it checked that all the ad images were generated with AI and that OpenAI's tool for identifying whether content was generated with one of its tools detected the SynthID digital watermark in all of them.","causal_attribution":"The check is the outlet's own; the images were not inspected by the researcher."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'la supuesta plataforma Norden Core no está autorizada por la Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores (CNMV) para prestar servicios de inversión'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The pages promoted Norden Core, which Maldita.es says is not authorised by the CNMV to provide investment services.","causal_attribution":"Maldita.es statement about the regulator's register; the register was not consulted."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'a través de un mensaje en X, publicado en la noche del jueves 23 de julio'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Desgraciadamente, hay diversos individuos que están utilizando mi imagen para publicitar inversiones, productos financieros o otros temas. Todos son anuncios fake, utilizando la IA u otras herramientas. Por favor, no hacer caso de ellos.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Marca reported that on the night of 23 July 2026 Bernardos wrote on X that individuals were using the economist's image to advertise investments and financial products, that all were fake ads using AI or other tools, and asked people to ignore them.","causal_attribution":"Bernardos's own statement as quoted by Marca."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'son muchas las personas que hablan con él preguntando por un vídeo donde se ve su imagen anunciando una supuesta inversión financiera'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'Bernardos ha explicado que el vídeo se ha creado con inteligencia artificial y que él en ningún momento ha hecho promociones de estas características'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"El Caso reported on 4 October 2026 that Bernardos said on X that many people were asking about a video in which the economist's image announces a supposed financial investment, that the video was created with AI and that Bernardos had never made such promotions.","causal_attribution":"Bernardos's own statement as paraphrased by El Caso; the video was not inspected."}],"effects":[{"label":"AI-made images and video use the economist's likeness in fraudulent investment ads and show invented arrest scenes","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://maldita.es/investigaciones/20261001/twitter-anuncios-bernardos-plataforma-inversi%C3%B3n/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish-language body read in the original on 2026-10-05 by the research agent (an AI). Passages are quoted verbatim in Spanish. English assertions are the agent's own translation and no human translator reviewed them. Maldita.es investigation, 1 October 2026; its own collection and analysis of the ads.","independence_group":"maldita-x-ads-investigation"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.marca.com/tiramillas/economia/2026/07/24/denuncia-gonzalo-bernardos-sobre-imagen-estafas-internet-favor-caso.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish-language body read in the original on 2026-10-05 by the research agent (an AI). Passages are quoted verbatim in Spanish. English assertions are the agent's own translation and no human translator reviewed them. Marca, 24 July 2026; relays the X post of 23 July 2026.","independence_group":"bernardos-own-x-posts"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://elcaso.elnacional.cat/es/noticias/gonzalo-bernardos-ultima-victima-suplantacion-identidad-estafar-personas_1704706102.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish-language body read in the original on 2026-10-05 by the research agent (an AI). Passages are quoted verbatim in Spanish. English assertions are the agent's own translation and no human translator reviewed them. El Caso, 4 October 2026; paraphrases a later X post, which was not read directly.","independence_group":"bernardos-own-x-posts"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["finance","work"],"unknowns":["Who paid for the ads and which tools made the images and the video.","Whether anyone lost money through the promoted platforms.","Whether Bernardos filed a complaint with the police or with X.","When the first AI-made ad using the economist appeared; the earliest dated statement read is the X post of 23 July 2026.","On which platform the video described in October 2026 circulated."],"geography":{"basis":"The ads ran on X in Spanish and imitated a Spanish newspaper, and Maldita.es locates the advertising accounts in the United Kingdom, Germany, Brazil, Lithuania and Turkey, but no body states where the ads were shown or where Bernardos lives. Maldita.es calls Bernardos a Spanish economist, which is nationality alone. No country is inferred.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: AI-made images and video depicted a named public figure in fraudulent investment ads and invented arrest scenes, and the person has objected publicly twice. Two reporting chains: an independent Maldita.es analysis of the ads, and the person's own X posts relayed by Marca and El Caso. Each claim stays reported because each rests on one chain.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-05"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Maldita.es states that it checked all the ad images and that OpenAI's detection tool found the SynthID watermark in each; Maldita.es does not say which tool generated the images; Bernardos says the ads use AI or other tools (Marca) and that the video was created with AI (El Caso). No tool is named and the researcher did not inspect the images or the video. The material depicted Bernardos (depicted_or_impersonated).","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"AI-generated images in paid X ads show economist Gonzalo Bernardos in invented arrest and corruption scenes to promote an unauthorised investment platform, and Bernardos says a video made with AI advertises a supposed investment; Bernardos has warned on X since July 2026","summary":"Maldita.es reported on 1 October 2026 that it found at least 20 paid ads on X, circulated on 24 and 25 September 2026, that used AI-generated images to show the economist Gonzalo Bernardos in invented scenes, among them police searching the economist's home. The ads were seen more than 400,000 times and, depending on the device, led to pages imitating El Mundo that said Bernardos had been arrested and promoted Norden Core, a platform not authorised by the CNMV. Marca reported that Bernardos warned on X on 23 July 2026 that individuals were using the economist's image in fake ads made with AI or other tools. El Caso reported on 4 October 2026 that Bernardos said on X that many people were asking about a video advertising a supposed investment, that the video was made with AI and that Bernardos had never made such promotions. No source reports a person who lost money or a complaint to the police.","incidentDate":"2026-01-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"year","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-07-24","aiSystem":"AI-generated images in paid ads on X (Maldita.es says OpenAI's tool for identifying content generated with its own tools detected the SynthID digital watermark in all of them) and a video that Bernardos says was created with AI; the generating tools and the operators are not identified","aiProduct":"Unidentified image and video tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"AI-made images in paid ads showed Bernardos in invented arrest and corruption scenes to promote an unauthorised investment platform (Maldita.es), and Bernardos says an AI-made video advertises an investment the economist never promoted and that many people ask about it (Bernardos on X, as paraphrased by El Caso; Marca quotes the earlier warning of 23 July 2026 about fake ads).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, Gonzalo Bernardos, whose image the ads used (Maldita.es; Marca; El Caso). A television presenter shown in one image is not counted because no source carries an account from the presenter. People who saw the ads are not counted because no source reports anyone defrauded. Documented minimum 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://maldita.es/investigaciones/20261001/twitter-anuncios-bernardos-plataforma-inversi%C3%B3n/","primarySourceLabel":"Maldita.es, 1 October 2026: Gonzalo Bernardos con un bolso lleno de billetes: la campaña de anuncios de Twitter (X)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-05T03:13:48.285157+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-05T03:13:48.285157+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","celebrity-deepfake","fake-advertisement","investment-scam","x-ads","spanish-language","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2026-influencer-ana-fer-lemus-says-online-group-of-men-makes-ai-images-of-her-body","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'un grupo de hombres creó un espacio en línea dedicado exclusivamente a hablar de su cuerpo, utilizando imágenes y capturas de sus videos para manipularlas con Inteligencia Artificial y compartir comentarios obscenos.'; 'los integrantes de ese grupo publican capturas de sus videos en el gimnasio y generan imágenes falsas con Inteligencia Artificial (IA)'; 'estos hombres acompañan esas publicaciones con relatos explícitos sobre lo que supuestamente le harían si la vieran en persona.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"In a TikTok video, the influencer said a group of men created an online group to discuss her body, posting captures of her gym videos, generating fake images of her with AI and adding explicit accounts of what they would do to her.","causal_attribution":"Her own account as reported by La Razón de México; the AI detail is the outlet's paraphrase of the video, not a direct quote. The group, the images and the video were not inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'para denunciar un caso de acoso digital que la afecta directamente y que, reconoció, le causa temor y repulsión.'; 'Y realmente en este punto ya no sé qué hacer'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"She said the harassment causes her fear and repulsion and that she no longer knows what to do.","causal_attribution":"First-person account as reported; the effect is attributed to the group as a whole, including its comments as well as the AI images."}],"effects":[{"label":"fear and repulsion at an online group of men who post AI-generated fake images of her and explicit comments about her","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.razon.com.mx/entretenimiento/2026/10/01/influencer-ana-fer-lemus-denuncia-a-grupo-de-hombres-que-hacen-fotos-de-ella-con-ia/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Reports her TikTok video, which was not watched; 'denuncia' in the headline means she publicly denounced the group, not that she filed a legal complaint.","independence_group":"la-razon-lemus"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["privacy","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["The platform hosting the group.","When she found the group and how long it has existed.","What the AI-generated images show and which tool made them.","Whether she reported the group to the platform or the authorities."],"geography":{"basis":"The report calls her a Mexican influencer but does not say where she lives or where the group operates; countries are left unknown rather than inferred from nationality or the outlet. No court proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: a public figure says, in a video reported by one outlet, that an online group made AI-generated fake images of her and that the harassment causes her fear. She is named because she discussed her own case publicly.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-04"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"La Razón de México reports her account that group members generate fake images of her with artificial intelligence from captures of her gym videos. Her words as quoted say the photos are not ones she took but ones the members make. The mention of artificial intelligence is in the outlet's paraphrase of her video, which was not watched. The images depict her (depicted_or_impersonated). The images and tool were not inspected or identified.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Fitness influencer Ana Fer Lemus says a group of men made an online group about her body, using AI to manipulate captures of her gym videos and posting obscene comments","summary":"La Razón de México reported on 1 October 2026 that the Mexican fitness influencer Ana Fer Lemus said in a TikTok video that a group of men had created an online group devoted to discussing her body. According to the report, its members post captures of her gym videos and generate fake images of her with artificial intelligence, alongside explicit accounts of what they would do to her if they saw her in person. She said the photos in the group were not ones she had taken, that the situation causes her fear and repulsion, and that she no longer knows what to do. The platform hosting the group is not named and no complaint to authorities is reported.","incidentKind":"ongoing_experience","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-01","aiSystem":"Artificial intelligence used by members of an online group to generate fake images of the influencer from captures of her videos, as she describes it (tool not identified)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"unverified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"A fitness influencer says an online group of men made AI-generated fake images of her from her gym videos and posted obscene comments about what they would do to her if they saw her, causing her fear and repulsion (her TikTok video as reported by La Razón de México).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, the influencer who describes the fake images of herself. Group members and viewers are not counted. Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.razon.com.mx/entretenimiento/2026/10/01/influencer-ana-fer-lemus-denuncia-a-grupo-de-hombres-que-hacen-fotos-de-ella-con-ia/","primarySourceLabel":"La Razón de México, 1 October 2026: Influencer Ana Fer Lemus denuncia a grupo de hombres que hacen fotos de ella con IA","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-04T03:29:37.51548+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-04T03:29:37.51548+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","ai-generated-imagery","online-harassment","influencer","mexico","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2024-pontevedra-three-minors-ai-undress-app-fake-nudes-of-two-classmates-ruling-upheld","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Sobre las 20.30 horas del día 15 de enero de 2024, en la localidad de Pontevedra'; 'se registraron en la aplicación Undress Up, utilizando para ello el móvil y una cuenta de Gmail de uno de ellos, e hicieron montajes de fotos sexuales de dichas menores, empleando la Inteligencia Artificial'; 'fueron capturadas de las historias que ellas mismas subían a Instagram'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'utilizaron la aplicación Undress App para manipular fotografías que las jóvenes habían publicado en Instagram'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"According to the ruling as reported, on 15 January 2024 three boys, then 15, registered with an AI undressing app and used it to make sexual photo montages of two female classmates from photos the girls had posted on Instagram.","causal_attribution":"Facts found by the court, as reported by two outlets; the ruling was not read and the app name differs between the reports."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Al día siguiente, uno de ellos, estando en clase, exhibió las imágenes generadas con IA a otros dos compañeros.'; 'otro de los ahora condenados exhibió las imágenes de las dos niñas alteradas con IA a otros cuatro amigos.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'destaca que las imágenes circularon durante más de quince días entre alumnos del colegio.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The boys showed the AI-generated images to other pupils, in class and during a school trip on 1 February 2024, and the images circulated among pupils for more than fifteen days.","causal_attribution":"Facts found by the court, as reported."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'El Juzgado de Menores declaró a los tres autores de dos delitos contra la integridad moral y les impuso cinco meses de tareas socioeducativas.'; 'deberán indemnizar con 1.000 euros a cada una de las dos víctimas por el daño moral causado.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'les impuso dos penas de cinco meses de tareas socioeducativas a cada uno de ellos'; 'deberán indemnizar con 1.000 euros a cada una de las víctimas por los daños morales causados'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The Juzgado de Menores found the three responsible for two offences against moral integrity, imposed socio-educational tasks on each (reported as two five-month measures by Diario de Pontevedra and as five months by Faro de Vigo) and ordered €1,000 compensation to each of the two girls for moral damage.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome as reported; the judgment was not read."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'La Audiencia Provincial de Pontevedra ha confirmado íntegramente la condena impuesta a tres menores'; 'es firme, por lo que contra ella no cabe recurso.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'la sentencia que acaba de suscribir (y otorgarle firmeza) la Audiencia Provincial de Pontevedra'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The Audiencia Provincial de Pontevedra rejected one boy's appeal and confirmed the judgment in full, and the ruling is final.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome as reported."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'los tres menores fueron objeto de un procedimiento corrector en el centro escolar, que les impuso la sanción de expulsión de 15, 21 y 30 días, en cada caso.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The school expelled the three boys for 15, 21 and 30 days.","causal_attribution":"As reported from the ruling."}],"effects":[{"label":"two classmates were depicted in AI-generated fake nude images shown to other pupils","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.diariodepontevedra.es/articulo/pontevedra/condenan-tres-menores-pontevedra-crear-desnudos-companeras-clase-ia/202610011859211470177.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Quotes the Audiencia Provincial ruling at length.","independence_group":"audiencia-pontevedra-ruling-2026-10"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.farodevigo.es/pontevedra/2026/10/01/tres-menores-pontevedra-crean-exhiben-134900086.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200; dated 1 Oct 2026 19:51). Researcher translation. Summarises the same ruling, so it is grouped with s1 as one chain resting on one court document.","independence_group":"audiencia-pontevedra-ruling-2026-10"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["The exact name of the app (Undress Up in one report, Undress App in the other) and who operates it.","How the girls learned of the images and what effects they themselves describe.","Whether the images spread beyond the pupils named in the ruling.","The date of the first-instance judgment.","Whether each boy received one or two five-month socio-educational measures (the reports differ)."],"geography":{"basis":"The ruling, as reported, places the creation and showing of the images in the town of Pontevedra (Galicia, Spain) and concerns pupils of a school there. The Juzgado de Menores and the Audiencia Provincial de Pontevedra are Spanish courts.","court_countries":["ES"],"event_countries":["ES"],"affected_person_countries":["ES"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: according to two regional reports describing a final court ruling, an AI undressing app was used to depict two schoolgirls in fake nude images that were shown to other pupils. All parties are minors and none is identified; no image content is described beyond what is needed.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-04"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Both reports say the ruling found that the boys used an AI app to turn the girls' Instagram photos into fake nude images, and Diario de Pontevedra quotes the ruling as saying they used artificial intelligence. The images depicted the girls (depicted_or_impersonated). The ruling was not read directly, and the app's name differs between the two reports.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Pontevedra, Spain: court upholds sentences on three 15-year-olds who used an AI undressing app to make fake nude images of two classmates from their Instagram photos and showed them to other pupils","summary":"Diario de Pontevedra and Faro de Vigo reported on 1 October 2026 that the Audiencia Provincial de Pontevedra had upheld a juvenile-court judgment against three boys who, aged 15 in January 2024, used an AI undressing app to turn photos two female classmates had posted on Instagram into fake nude images. According to the ruling as reported, the images were made from 15 January 2024 and shown to other pupils in class and on a school trip on 1 February 2024, and they circulated among pupils for more than fifteen days. The Juzgado de Menores found the three responsible for two offences against moral integrity and imposed socio-educational tasks on each (two five-month measures according to Diario de Pontevedra, five months according to Faro de Vigo), plus €1,000 compensation to each girl for moral damage. The school had expelled them for 15, 21 and 30 days. The appeal ruling is final.","incidentDate":"2024-01-15","incidentEndDate":"2024-02-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-01","aiSystem":"An AI undressing app that the ruling, as quoted by Diario de Pontevedra, calls Undress Up (Faro de Vigo: Undress App), used to generate fake nude images from photos taken from Instagram","aiProduct":"Undress Up app (reported)","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Two female classmates were depicted in AI-generated fake nude images that three boys made from their Instagram photos and showed to other pupils, the images circulating for more than fifteen days; a court ordered €1,000 compensation to each for moral damage (ruling as reported by Diario de Pontevedra and Faro de Vigo).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":2,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"Two girls, the classmates whose photos were turned into fake nude images. The judgment orders compensation to each of the two victims, and both reports describe two girls. The pupils who were shown the images are not counted. Exact 2.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"ES","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.farodevigo.es/pontevedra/2026/10/01/tres-menores-pontevedra-crean-exhiben-134900086.html","primarySourceLabel":"Faro de Vigo, 1 October 2026: Tres menores de Pontevedra crean y exhiben falsos desnudos de dos compañeras de clase con IA","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-04T03:29:26.66868+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-04T03:29:26.66868+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","ai-generated-imagery","ncii","minor","school","nudify-app","spain","pontevedra","court-ruling","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-buenos-aires-carlos-pellegrini-ai-fake-intimate-images-of-schoolgirls-whatsapp","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'El escándalo de las falsas imágenes íntimas creadas con inteligencia artificial en la Escuela Superior de Comercio Carlos Pellegrini escaló hasta el Gobierno nacional.'; 'A más de dos meses de que el horror comenzara a circular en los grupos de WhatsApp de los alumnos de segundo año'; 'La pesadilla para las jóvenes de entre 13 y 14 años salió a la luz a fines de junio.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Todo salió a la luz a fines de junio, cuando varias alumnas de segundo año comenzaron a denunciar la existencia de estos grupos.'; 'descubrir un grupo de WhatsApp en el que sus compañeros compartían packs de imágenes y videos alterados con IA'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'La investigación por la difusión y presunta comercialización de imágenes de alumnas del Colegio Carlos Pellegrini generadas con inteligencia artificial continúa avanzando.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Fake intimate images of female pupils aged 13 and 14, created with artificial intelligence, circulated in the WhatsApp groups of second-year students at the Carlos Pellegrini school, and the case came to light in late June 2026.","causal_attribution":"Reported by three outlets drawing on different accounts (the families and ministry, the victims' testimony, the prosecutor); the girls' ages come from Perfil alone, so the claim stays reported."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'cuáles fueron las sanciones efectivas contra los estudiantes que manipularon, difundieron y comercializaron el material explícito de sus compañeras.'; 'Ustedes nos pueden delatar, pero no vamos a parar de desnudarlas y venderlas'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Según el testimonio de las víctimas, que eran compañeras de curso, amigas o ex parejas de los acusados, las fotos manipuladas eran ofrecidas en'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"According to the reports, the students involved manipulated, spread and sold the material (offered in packs priced around 1,000 pesos, per the victims' testimony reported by Infobae), and a message on classroom desks told the victims the boys would not stop undressing and selling them.","causal_attribution":"Reported; how and to whom the material was sold is not described."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'El 30 de ese mes, la conducción del Carlos Pellegrini reconoció la existencia de los chats'; 'El pasado 16 de julio presentaron una denuncia formal ante la Unidad Fiscal Especializada en Delitos y Contravenciones Informáticas (UFEDICI) de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.'; 'determinar si las imágenes generadas con IA continúan circulando en redes sociales o sitios de internet, para así bloquear de inmediato su comercialización.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The school acknowledged the chats on 30 June 2026, and the families filed a complaint with the City of Buenos Aires cybercrime prosecution unit (UFEDICI) on 16 July 2026, seeking to trace whether the AI images still circulate so their sale can be blocked.","causal_attribution":"Reported from the families' statement."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'exigió formalmente a la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) que brinde respuestas claras sobre la falta de protección hacia las alumnas afectadas'; 'la institución sigue sin comunicar una resolución concreta contra los varones involucrados.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"By 1 October 2026 the national Ministry of Human Capital had formally asked the UBA for answers on the lack of protection for the affected pupils and for a detailed report on sanctions, and the families say the school has not communicated a resolution.","causal_attribution":"Reported ministry action and family statement."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Ante una consulta sobre si los involucrados serían alrededor de 50 alumnos, la fiscal respondió que, en principio, esa sería la cantidad que surge de las primeras actuaciones.'; 'Tenemos que determinar si las personas que cometieron estos delitos son punibles'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'La causa es investigada como producción y difusión de imágenes de explotación sexual infantil, y habría 50 menores involucrados en la propagación del material audiovisual.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The UFEDYCI prosecutor said her unit is investigating the production, distribution and alleged sale of the images, that about 50 minors emerge from the first steps of the investigation, and that whether they can be prosecuted must be established.","causal_attribution":"The prosecutor's statements as relayed. Infobae attributes the figure of 50 to the same prosecutor's radio statements, so s2 and s3 are one chain for this claim. 50 is an early figure for people involved, not victims."}],"effects":[{"label":"schoolgirls aged 13 and 14 were depicted in AI-generated fake intimate images that circulated in pupils' WhatsApp groups and were reportedly sold","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/el-ministerio-de-sandra-pettovello-exigio-explicaciones-a-la-uba-por-las-falsas-fotos-intimas-creadas-con-ia-en-el-carlos-pellegrini.phtml","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Cites the families' statement and the Ministry of Human Capital communiqué.","independence_group":"perfil-pellegrini"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.infobae.com/sociedad/policiales/2026/08/08/nos-pueden-delatar-pero-no-vamos-a-parar-desnudaban-a-sus-companeras-con-ia-y-vendian-sus-fotos-por-packs-de-mil-pesos/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Infobae's own reporting (byline Matias Chierasco), citing the victims' testimony and the school authorities.","independence_group":"infobae-pellegrini"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.lanacion.com.ar/sociedad/fotos-de-alumnas-de-pellegrini-desnudas-con-ia-investigan-a-unos-50-menores-y-analizan-quienes-son-nid10072026/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Relays prosecutor Daniela Dupuy's Radio Mitre interview; the broadcast itself was not heard.","independence_group":"ufedyci-prosecutor-dupuy"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["How many pupils were depicted.","Which AI tool was used and who made the images.","How and to whom the images were sold.","The status of the UFEDICI complaint and of any disciplinary sanction beyond the few days' suspension Infobae reported in August.","When the images were first made and shared."],"geography":{"basis":"The images circulated among pupils of the Escuela Superior de Comercio Carlos Pellegrini in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the complaint was filed with a City of Buenos Aires prosecution unit. No court proceeding is reported, so court_countries is empty.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["AR"],"affected_person_countries":["AR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: according to three outlets drawing on the families, the victims and the prosecutor, AI-generated fake intimate images depicted schoolgirls aged 13 and 14 and circulated among pupils. No pupil is identified; the image content is not described.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-04"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Perfil describes the images as fake intimate images created with artificial intelligence and reports the families' aim of tracing whether the images generated with AI still circulate. The images depicted the pupils (depicted_or_impersonated). The prosecutor told Radio Mitre (relayed by La Nación) that pupils used an AI app that undresses existing photos of classmates; Infobae reported on 8 August that judicial investigators were still working to establish whether the photos were made with AI. The tool used is not reported.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Buenos Aires: AI-generated fake intimate images of 13- and 14-year-old girls at the Carlos Pellegrini school circulate in pupils' WhatsApp groups; families file a complaint and the national ministry demands answers from the UBA","summary":"Perfil reported on 1 October 2026 that fake intimate images of female pupils, created with artificial intelligence, had circulated in the WhatsApp groups of second-year students at the Escuela Superior de Comercio Carlos Pellegrini, a secondary school run by the University of Buenos Aires (UBA). The girls are 13 and 14 years old. The case came to light in late June 2026, and the school acknowledged the chats on 30 June. According to the report, the students involved manipulated, spread and sold the material, and a message on classroom desks told the victims the boys would keep undressing and selling them. Families filed a complaint with the Buenos Aires City cybercrime prosecution unit (UFEDICI) on 16 July and say the school has not concluded disciplinary action. By 1 October the national Ministry of Human Capital had asked the UBA rector for a detailed report on the protective measures and sanctions applied.","incidentDate":"2026-06-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-01","aiSystem":"Artificial intelligence used to create fake intimate images of female pupils, as reported (tool not identified)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Female pupils aged 13 and 14 were depicted in AI-generated fake intimate images that circulated in pupils' WhatsApp groups and were reportedly sold, with a written threat to continue, according to Perfil's report of the families' and the ministry's statements.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"unquantified","affectedCountEvidence":"The report refers to the affected pupils in the plural, aged 13 to 14, but gives no number. Unquantified, with zero placeholders.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"AR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"investigation_opened","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/el-ministerio-de-sandra-pettovello-exigio-explicaciones-a-la-uba-por-las-falsas-fotos-intimas-creadas-con-ia-en-el-carlos-pellegrini.phtml","primarySourceLabel":"Perfil, 1 October 2026: El Ministerio de Sandra Pettovello exigió explicaciones a la UBA por las falsas fotos íntimas creadas con IA","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-04T03:29:23.049757+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-04T03:29:23.049757+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","ai-generated-imagery","ncii","minor","school","whatsapp","argentina","buenos-aires","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-murcia-ai-real-time-face-modification-forged-dni-video-checks-electronic-signature-certificates","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'El investigado aparecía personalmente en los vídeos de verificación de la empresa mostrando el DNI falsificado mientras que, gracias a la inteligencia artificial, su rostro en pantalla se modificaba en tiempo real para ser idéntico al de la fotografía del documento. De este modo realizó 38 intentos sobre más de 30 identidades de ciudadanos reales.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Durante las videoconferencias de verificación, aparecía físicamente ante la cámara, mientras un programa modificaba sus facciones en tiempo real para que coincidieran con las de la persona cuya identidad estaba suplantando.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'The unnamed man allegedly made 38 attempts to impersonate 30 people and obtain digital certificates in their names, succeeding on multiple occasions.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Police say the suspect appeared in an electronic-certificate company's verification videos showing forged DNI cards while AI software modified the suspect's face in real time to match the photo on the forged document and the features of the person being impersonated, making 38 attempts on more than 30 identities of real citizens.","causal_attribution":"Police allegation in a press release; untested in court."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'logrando suplantar la identidad de múltiples víctimas.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'con el objetivo final de conseguir firmas digitales autorizadas que posteriormente pudieran ser utilizadas para cometer estafas económicas.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Police did not say how many of the 38 attempts succeeded, only that certificates were issued on \"multiple\" occasions.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Police say the suspect succeeded in impersonating multiple victims, with the final aim of obtaining authorised digital signatures for later economic scams; they did not say how many attempts succeeded.","causal_attribution":"Police statement; no later fraud using the certificates is reported."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Durante apenas un segundo, la máscara digital de su víctima desapareció de la pantalla, dejando al descubierto el rostro real del sospechoso ante el personal de seguridad de la entidad emisora.'; 'culminando con la detención del investigado como presunto responsable de un delito continuado de falsedad documental en documento oficial.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'A search of his home yielded a laptop protected by high-grade encryption, several mobile phones, storage devices, and documents, according to police.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"During one live video identification the face-modification program lagged and for about a second the victim's digital mask disappeared, exposing the suspect's real face to the issuer's security staff; police then arrested the suspect as the alleged perpetrator of a continuing offence of falsifying official documents and seized an encrypted laptop, phones and storage devices.","causal_attribution":"Police account of the detection and arrest."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Los agentes identificaron más de 320 líneas telefónicas asociadas a 24 dispositivos móviles distintos. La mayoría de estas líneas habían sido contratadas utilizando identidades suplantadas y adquiridas en puntos de venta localizados en Murcia.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Investigators identified more than 320 phone lines on 24 mobile devices, most contracted with impersonated identities and bought at points of sale in Murcia.","causal_attribution":"Police statement; the phone lines are not described as involving AI."}],"effects":[{"label":"identities of more than 30 real citizens used on forged ID cards and impersonated with real-time AI face modification to apply for signature certificates","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"police say the impersonation succeeded for multiple victims","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.h50.es/la-policia-nacional-detiene-a-un-ciberdelincuente-que-utilizaba-una-tecnica-pionera-mediante-ia-para-obtener-certificados-de-firma-electronica/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-02 (h50 Digital Policial, 11 August 2026); the text reproduces the Policía Nacional release. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-release-2026-08-11"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.la7tv.es/articulo/sucesos/detenido-murcia-ciberdelincuente-que-usaba-ia-obtener-certificados-digitales/20260811095847072087.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-02 (La 7 TV Región de Murcia, 11 August 2026); a rewrite of the same police release. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-release-2026-08-11"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.theregister.com/security/2026/08/11/deepfake-hiccup-unmasks-suspected-digital-certificate-fraudster/5285934","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read live in English on 2026-10-02 (The Register, 11 August 2026); summarises the police release and quotes it in machine translation.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-release-2026-08-11"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["privacy","finance"],"unknowns":["When the attempts took place and when the arrest was made; the police release is dated 11 August 2026.","How many certificates were issued and whether any was used in a later fraud.","Which face-modification program was used.","Where the issuing company is based and where the impersonated citizens live.","Any charge decision or court proceeding."],"geography":{"basis":"Policía Nacional arrested the suspect in Murcia, and most of the more than 320 phone lines were bought at points of sale in Murcia. The issuing company's location is not stated in the inspected bodies, and the residence of the impersonated citizens is not stated (a DNI is not used to infer residence). No court proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["ES"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated): police say a suspect used real-time AI face modification in video identity checks to impersonate more than 30 real citizens on forged ID cards, succeeding for multiple victims. One police chain (Policía Nacional release) read in Spanish via h50 and La 7 TV and in English via The Register; every claim is reported. The suspect and the impersonated citizens are not named. Event date unknown; reported 11 August 2026.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-02"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Policía Nacional states that the suspect used artificial intelligence to modify the suspect's face in real time during video identity checks so that it matched the photo on forged DNI cards, combined with deepfake techniques; police call the AI-altered face 'la máscara digital de su víctima'. The tool is not named and the videos were not inspected. The allegation is untested in court. The AI output impersonated the real citizens (depicted_or_impersonated).","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Spanish police arrest a man in Murcia suspected of using real-time AI face modification and forged ID cards to impersonate more than 30 real people in video identity checks for electronic signature certificates","summary":"Spain's Policía Nacional said on 11 August 2026 that it had arrested in Murcia a suspect who tried to obtain electronic signature certificates in other people's names from a company that issues them. During the company's video identity checks the suspect appeared on camera holding a forged DNI identity card while AI software modified the suspect's face in real time to match the photo on the forged document. Police say the suspect made 38 attempts using the identities of more than 30 real citizens and succeeded in impersonating multiple victims, aiming to use the signatures for later scams. A short processing delay in the face-modification software made the digital mask disappear for barely a second, exposing the suspect's real face to the issuer's security staff.","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-08-11","aiSystem":"AI software that modified the suspect's face in real time during live video identity checks to match the photo on forged DNI cards, described by police as deepfake techniques; the program is not named","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["other_material_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Police say the identities of more than 30 real citizens were used on forged ID cards and impersonated with real-time AI face modification in 38 attempts to obtain electronic signature certificates, succeeding for multiple victims (Policía Nacional release via h50 and La 7 TV; The Register).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":30,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"The Policía Nacional release (h50; La 7 TV) says the suspect, showing a forged DNI while AI altered the suspect's face on camera, 'De este modo realizó 38 intentos sobre más de 30 identidades de ciudadanos reales': each of these real citizens had their identity placed on a forged DNI and impersonated in a live video check, and the release calls the person impersonated in the attempt that failed 'su víctima'. Documented minimum 30 (more than 30). The count is of people whose identities were used, not of issued certificates: impersonation succeeded for 'múltiples víctimas', a number police did not give (The Register). The certificate-issuing company and the people whose identities were used for the 320 phone lines are not counted (the phone-line identities are not tied to the AI use).","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"ES","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"investigation_opened","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.h50.es/la-policia-nacional-detiene-a-un-ciberdelincuente-que-utilizaba-una-tecnica-pionera-mediante-ia-para-obtener-certificados-de-firma-electronica/","primarySourceLabel":"h50 Digital Policial, 11 August 2026: La Policía Nacional detiene en Murcia a un ciberdelincuente que utilizaba una técnica pionera mediante IA","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-02T03:25:55.932181+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-02T03:25:55.932181+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","identity-impersonation","identity-verification-bypass","electronic-signature","arrest","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-padre-diego-jaramillo-minuto-de-dios-ai-manipulated-videos-advertise-health-products","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Según la advertencia, en distintas plataformas digitales se han difundido anuncios que emplean el nombre, la imagen y videos manipulados con inteligencia artificial del sacerdote, acompañados de una voz que no corresponde a la suya.'; 'En estos contenidos se simula que el padre Jaramillo recomienda o vende fórmulas “ocultas” para tratar diversas afecciones'; 'no vende, no recomienda ni tiene vínculo alguno con ninguna marca de productos ni fórmulas para mejorar la salud'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Está circulando un video falso creado con inteligencia artificial en el que se utiliza la imagen del nuestro padre Diego Jaramillo Cuartas cjm, para promocionar productos para la salud'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"In an alert of 23 February 2026, the Minuto de Dios organisation said ads on digital platforms were using Jaramillo's name, image and videos manipulated with artificial intelligence, with a voice that is not his, to simulate that he recommended or sold health formulas, and said he does not sell or recommend any health products.","causal_attribution":"The organisation's description; the videos were not inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Están usando mi imagen como si fuera yo un vendedor de colágeno. Eso es totalmente falso.'; 'No tengo absolutamente nada que ver con ninguna firma productora o distribuidora de colágeno'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Me han informado que han estado usando mi imagen, y tal vez con inteligencia artificial, o haciendo algunas transformaciones.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"In a video statement, Jaramillo said his image was being used as if he were a collagen seller, that this was totally false, that he had been told it was being done perhaps with artificial intelligence, and that he has nothing to do with any collagen producer or distributor.","causal_attribution":"His own public statement."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'induce al error a los consumidores y se aprovecha de la confianza y la buena fe de la comunidad'; 'La institución informó que ya adelanta gestiones para exigir el retiro de estos contenidos y poner los hechos en conocimiento de las autoridades'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The organisation said such ads mislead consumers and exploit the community's trust, and that it was acting to demand removal of the content and to bring the facts to the authorities.","causal_attribution":"The organisation's statement."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'los delincuentes utilizan herramientas de sincronización labial y clonación de voz para otorgar veracidad al engaño'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"According to Semana, spokespeople for the organisation said the makers used lip-sync and voice-cloning tools to make the deception credible.","causal_attribution":"Spokespeople's account as reported by Semana."}],"effects":[{"label":"ads falsely show him recommending and selling health products","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.uniminutoradio.com.co/alerta-de-posible-estafa-uso-no-autorizado-de-la-imagen-del-padre-diego-jaramillo/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-02 (UNIMINUTO Radio, 23 February 2026). The radio network of UNIMINUTO, part of the Minuto de Dios organisation (page footer), relaying the organisation's alert in the third person. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"minuto-de-dios-alert"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.infobae.com/colombia/2026/02/24/el-padre-diego-jaramillo-denuncio-que-estan-usando-su-imagen-con-ayuda-de-ia-para-vender-colageno-en-redes-sociales/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-02 (Infobae, 24 February 2026); quotes the organisation's Instagram post and his video statement. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"minuto-de-dios-alert"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.noticiascaracol.com/colombia/padre-diego-jaramillo-del-minuto-de-dios-habla-sobre-suplantacion-con-ia-de-la-que-fue-victima-rg10","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-02 (Noticias Caracol, 25 February 2026); interview with Jaramillo plus his video statement, the same account of his own case. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"minuto-de-dios-alert"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/indignado-padre-diego-jaramillo-del-minuto-de-dios-denuncia-que-delincuentes-estan-usando-su-imagen-para-estafar/202619/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-02 (Semana, 24 February 2026); relays the organisation's statement and spokespeople. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"minuto-de-dios-alert"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["health","work"],"unknowns":["How widely the ads were seen, and whether they ran on platforms beyond those Semana names (Facebook and Instagram).","Whether anyone bought the products or lost money.","Whether the content was removed and what the authorities did.","Which tool was used and who made the ads.","When the ads first appeared; the alert of 23 February 2026 describes them as already circulating."],"geography":{"basis":"Infobae says he presents El Minuto de Dios on Colombian national television before the evening news, and Semana calls it the oldest television programme in Colombia, so his country is recorded as Colombia. The sources say the ads ran on digital platforms and social networks (Semana: mainly Facebook and Instagram) and give no place where they were shown, so no event country is recorded.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":["CO"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated), consistent with the Tietjen health-ad row: ads described by his organisation as AI-manipulated showed the priest apparently selling health products, and he denied it publicly. He is a public figure speaking about his own case and is named as all sources do. One underlying account (the organisation's alert and his statements) read across four outlets; all claims stay reported.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-02"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The organisation's alert describes a fake video created with artificial intelligence (Instagram post quoted by Infobae) and videos manipulated with AI with a voice that is not his (UNIMINUTO Radio, which also uses 'presuntamente'). Jaramillo himself said 'tal vez con inteligencia artificial'. Semana reports spokespeople citing lip-sync and voice cloning. The videos were not inspected and no tool is named. They depicted and voiced him (depicted_or_impersonated).","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Padre Diego Jaramillo of El Minuto de Dios says in February 2026 that videos, described by his organisation as made with AI and with a voice that is not his, falsely show him selling collagen and health products","summary":"On 23 February 2026 the Minuto de Dios organisation issued a public alert that ads circulating on social networks used the name, image and AI-manipulated videos of its president, the priest Diego Jaramillo Cuartas, with a voice that is not his, to make it appear that he recommended or sold health formulas. In a video published on the organisation's channels, Jaramillo said his image was being used as if he were a collagen seller and that this was totally false. The organisation called the ads deceptive advertising and said it was seeking their removal and reporting the facts to the authorities. No report says whether anyone bought the products.","incidentDate":"2026-02-01","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-02-23","aiSystem":"Ads using videos of the priest that El Minuto de Dios describes as manipulated with artificial intelligence and paired with a voice that is not his; Semana reports that spokespeople cited lip-sync and voice-cloning tools; the tool and operators are not identified","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Ads showed the priest apparently recommending and selling health products he has nothing to do with, and he had to deny it publicly (his video statement and the Minuto de Dios alert, relayed by UNIMINUTO Radio, Infobae and Noticias Caracol).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, Diego Jaramillo Cuartas (UNIMINUTO Radio; Infobae; Noticias Caracol). The organisation says it is acting to 'evitar que más personas sean engañadas' (UNIMINUTO Radio), and Semana writes of preventing 'nuevas víctimas'. These imply possible further victims but report none, and no buyer or loss is reported. Viewers are not counted. Documented minimum 1.","victimAgeRange":"elderly","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.uniminutoradio.com.co/alerta-de-posible-estafa-uso-no-autorizado-de-la-imagen-del-padre-diego-jaramillo/","primarySourceLabel":"UNIMINUTO Radio, 23 February 2026: Alerta de posible estafa: uso no autorizado de la imagen del padre Diego Jaramillo","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-02T03:17:23.550369+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-02T03:17:23.550369+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","celebrity-deepfake","fake-advertisement","health-product-scam","voice-cloning","religious-leader","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-honduras-surgeon-emec-cherenfant-ai-altered-facebook-videos-prostate-remedy","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'El Mirón, la sección de verificación de Criterio.hn, encontró tres videos alterados en imagen y audio, posteados en un perfil de Facebook, en el cual utilizan la imagen del doctor Cherenfant.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'En los videos, la imagen artificial de Cherenfant señala que ayudó a sus amigos, los futbolistas Guevara y caballero, a vencer la prostatitis, sin necesidad de cirugía, con un remedio, el cual se puede consumir en casa, sin visitar hospitales.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"El Mirón found three videos on a Facebook profile, altered in image and audio, that use Cherenfant's image to give advice on prostatitis and related conditions.","causal_attribution":"The outlet's verification; the researcher did not view the videos."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'ZeroGPT detectó las inconsistencias en el video en el cual aparecen Emec Cherenfant y Amado Guevara y detectó se creó con inteligencia artificial.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'ZeroGPT confirmó también que este video es producto de la IA.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"El Mirón reports that ZeroGPT detected the video with Amado Guevara as created with artificial intelligence and confirmed the third video as an AI product.","causal_attribution":"Detector output as reported by the outlet; the method is not described."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'En el chat, nos respondieron que la publicidad es engañosa y que es un urólogo quien debe atender enfermedades relacionadas con la próstata.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Hospital San Jorge, where Cherenfant offers his services, told El Mirón by WhatsApp that the advertising is deceptive.","causal_attribution":"The hospital's reply as reported by the outlet."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'No tengo nada que ver con las articulaciones, nada que ver con la próstata, nada que ver con la visión, con los ojos, no tengo nada que ver con la impotencia sexual'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'señaló que hace dos años presentó una denuncia ante el Ministerio Público, para evitar ser asociado con las consecuencias que puedan pasar personas que caigan en la red de estafas.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'No quiero que alguien algún día se muera por un medicamento de estos y que asocien al doctor Cherenfant a esa muerte. Conozca a su cirujano. Son estafadores. No se dejen engañar, es pura inteligencia artificial'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'hay un grupo de estafadores que no se cansan de utilizar su nombre e imagen para vender productos que ni siquiera conoce.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Cherenfant said he has nothing to do with prostate treatment, that scammers repeatedly use his name and image, and that he filed a complaint with the Ministerio Público two years ago.","causal_attribution":"His own account; the earlier complaint concerns the recurring scams in general and the source does not say when these three videos were first posted."}],"effects":[{"label":"AI-altered videos show him promoting a prostatitis remedy outside his specialty","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://criterio.hn/emec-cherenfant-advierte-estafas-con-videos-de-ia-que-utilizan-su-imagen/","kind":"fact_check","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-01 (Criterio.hn, El Mirón verification section, 30 September 2026), including the outlet's interview with Cherenfant. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"criterio-el-miron"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","health"],"unknowns":["When the three videos were posted and how widely they circulated.","Whether anyone bought the remedy or was harmed by it.","Whether a takedown or new complaint followed for these videos.","Which tool generated the videos, and how ZeroGPT was applied to video."],"geography":{"basis":"Criterio.hn describes him as naturalised Honduran ('nacionalizado hondureño'), known in Honduras for his TV programme, and offering his services at Hospital San Jorge. The videos were posted on a Facebook profile whose location is not stated, so no event country is recorded.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":["HN"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: videos that a fact-check desk describes as AI-altered depicted the surgeon promoting a remedy outside his specialty, and he describes the misuse in his own words. He is a public figure and is named as the source does. One source, a fact-check that includes his interview; the videos were not inspected by the researcher.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-01"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Criterio.hn's El Mirón concludes that the three videos are false because they were created with AI by scammers ('fueron creados con IA por estafadores'), describes his 'imagen artificial' and a false voice, and reports that ZeroGPT flagged the first and third videos as AI-made and said the second 'genera poca confianza, por su contenido amañado creado con IA'. ZeroGPT is mainly known as a text detector and the outlet does not explain how it was applied to video, so the detector result is recorded as the outlet's report. Cherenfant calls the content 'pura inteligencia artificial'. The researcher did not inspect the videos and no generation tool is named. The videos depicted him (depicted_or_impersonated).","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Honduras: Criterio.hn's fact-check desk finds three Facebook videos altered with AI in which plastic surgeon Emec Cherenfant appears to promote a home remedy for prostatitis; he says scammers keep using his name and image","summary":"El Mirón, the verification section of Criterio.hn, reported on 30 September 2026 that it found three videos on a Facebook profile, altered in image and audio, that use the image of the plastic and reconstructive surgeon Emec Cherenfant to offer a remedy for prostatitis and related problems. In the videos his artificial image says he helped former footballers beat prostatitis without surgery and invites viewers to write to him on WhatsApp. El Mirón says the manipulation is evident from the vocabulary, voice and body movements and that the detector ZeroGPT flagged the videos as AI-made. The hospital where he offers his services told El Mirón the advertising is deceptive. Cherenfant said he has nothing to do with prostate treatment, that scammers repeatedly use his name and image, and that he filed a complaint with the Ministerio Público two years ago. 'Son estafadores. No se dejen engañar, es pura inteligencia artificial', he said. No buyer losses are reported.","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-30","aiSystem":"Three Facebook videos 'manipulados con IA' showing the surgeon's altered image and a false voice promoting a prostatitis remedy (Criterio.hn El Mirón, which ran them through ZeroGPT); the generation tool and the profile's operators are not identified","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"AI-altered videos showed the surgeon promoting a prostatitis remedy outside his specialty; he says scammers repeatedly misuse his name and image and fears being associated with harm to people who buy such products (his interview with Criterio.hn El Mirón).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, Emec Cherenfant (Criterio.hn). The former footballers shown on the video covers are not counted because no harm to them is reported, and no viewer is reported deceived. Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://criterio.hn/emec-cherenfant-advierte-estafas-con-videos-de-ia-que-utilizan-su-imagen/","primarySourceLabel":"Criterio.hn (El Mirón), 30 September 2026: Emec Cherenfant advierte estafas con videos de IA que utilizan su imagen","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-01T03:18:11.893375+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-01T03:18:11.893375+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","fake-advertisement","health-product-scam","doctor-impersonation","fact-check","honduras","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2026-singer-samuel-sarmiento-ai-cloned-voice-used-to-ask-for-funeral-money","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'No se vale que haya gente tan ruin que ande pidiendo dinero con mi voz, con IA, para el sepelio de mi madre. Ahorita me avisaron'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'No se dejen engañar, yo no ando pidiendo dinero'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'El intérprete denunció públicamente que personas malintencionadas están clonando su voz mediante Inteligencia Artificial (IA) para solicitar depósitos económicos a su nombre'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Sarmiento said in a video on his Instagram account that people were asking for money for his mother's funeral using his voice made with AI, and that he was not asking anyone for money.","causal_attribution":"His own account, relayed by all four outlets from one video; the fake videos were not inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Horas después de informar sobre la muerte de su madre, el cantante recurrió nuevamente a sus redes sociales para advertir a sus seguidores sobre un presunto intento de fraude.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The warning came hours after he announced his mother's death on social media.","causal_attribution":"Timing as reported by Récord; the death is not connected to AI by any source."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'están circulando videos falsos en los que se utiliza su imagen e incluso una voz clonada mediante inteligencia artificial (deepfake), en los que supuestamente él pide dinero para cubrir los gastos del sepelio de su mamá'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"According to El Diario de Sonora, the fake videos used his image as well as a voice cloned with AI.","causal_attribution":"One outlet's paraphrase of his video; his quoted words mention only his voice."}],"effects":[{"label":"AI-cloned voice used in fake videos asking his followers for funeral money in his name during his bereavement","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.razon.com.mx/entretenimiento/2026/09/30/asi-despidio-a-su-mama-samuel-sarmiento-exvocalista-de-los-recoditos-alerta-a-fans-de-estafa-con-su-voz/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-01 (La Razón, 30 September 2026). Quotes his Instagram video. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"sarmiento-instagram-video"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.record.com.mx/historia/vuela-alto-madre-mia-samuel-sarmiento-anuncia-la-muerte-de-su-mama-y-alerta-por-fraude-2026093018264889429","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-01 (Récord, 30 September 2026); relays the same Instagram video. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"sarmiento-instagram-video"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://lamejor.com.mx/news/2026/9/30/samuel-sarmiento-desmiente-videos-de-extorsion-donde-presuntamente-pide-dinero-para-el-sepelio-de-su-mama-video-30078.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-01 (La Mejor, 30 September 2026); quotes the same video. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"sarmiento-instagram-video"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://eldiariodesonora.com.mx/espectaculos/2026/09/30/samuel-sarmiento-denuncia-extorsion-inteligencia-artificial-fallecimiento-su-madre.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-01 (El Diario de Sonora, 30 September 2026); paraphrases the same video. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"sarmiento-instagram-video"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["finance","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["Whether anyone sent money, and how much.","On which platforms the fake videos circulated and how many people received them.","Whether a police complaint or takedown request was made.","Which tool was used.","Whether the requests were videos, audio messages or both: La Razón and El Diario de Sonora say videos, Récord says messages or audios, and his quoted words mention only his voice."],"geography":{"basis":"The inspected bodies say the videos circulated on social networks and place him in the regional Mexican music scene; Récord calls him 'cantante sinaloense', an origin descriptor. None states where he lives or where the requests were received, so no country is inferred from origin, the genre, the outlets or the language.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: an AI-cloned voice impersonated the singer to solicit funeral money in his name, and he describes it in his own public video. He is a public figure and is named as all sources do; his mother is not named. One underlying account (his video) relayed by four outlets.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-01"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Sarmiento says in his Instagram video that people are asking for money 'con mi voz, con IA' (La Razón; La Mejor); the outlets describe a video made with AI (La Razón) and a voice cloned with AI (Récord; La Mejor; El Diario de Sonora). The fake videos were not inspected and no tool is named. The cloned voice impersonated him (depicted_or_impersonated).","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Singer Samuel Sarmiento, formerly of Banda Los Recoditos, warns followers that fake videos using his voice cloned with AI are asking for money for his mother's funeral, hours after he announced her death in September 2026","summary":"Samuel Sarmiento, a former lead singer of Banda Los Recoditos, announced his mother's death on social media in late September 2026. Hours later he posted a video on his official Instagram account warning that people were circulating fake videos using his voice, cloned with AI, in which he appeared to ask for money to cover her funeral costs. 'No se vale que haya gente tan ruin que ande pidiendo dinero con mi voz, con IA, para el sepelio de mi madre', he said, adding that he was not asking anyone for money. La Razón, Récord, La Mejor and El Diario de Sonora relayed his video on 30 September 2026. No report says whether anyone paid, and no police complaint is reported.","incidentDate":"2026-09-01","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-30","aiSystem":"Fake videos using the singer's voice cloned with AI ('con mi voz, con IA', in his words) and, per El Diario de Sonora, his image, circulated on social networks to solicit money for his mother's funeral; the tool and operators are not identified","aiProduct":"Unidentified voice-cloning tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"During his bereavement, fake videos used his AI-cloned voice to ask his followers for funeral money in his name, and he had to post a public warning that he was not asking for money (his Instagram video, relayed by La Razón, Récord, La Mejor and El Diario de Sonora).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, Samuel Sarmiento (La Razón; Récord; La Mejor; El Diario de Sonora). Followers who received the request are not counted because no source reports anyone deceived. Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.razon.com.mx/entretenimiento/2026/09/30/asi-despidio-a-su-mama-samuel-sarmiento-exvocalista-de-los-recoditos-alerta-a-fans-de-estafa-con-su-voz/","primarySourceLabel":"La Razón, 30 September 2026: Así despidió a su mamá Samuel Sarmiento, exvocalista de Los Recoditos; alerta a fans de estafa con su voz","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-01T03:12:27.821728+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-01T03:12:27.821728+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","voice-cloning","impersonation-scam","celebrity-deepfake","bereavement","musician","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2025-palma-spain-student-arrested-over-reported-ai-generated-sexual-images-of-classmates","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Agentes de la Policía Nacional han detenido en Palma a un menor por que creaba imágenes de sus compañeras de colegio desnudas a través de sistemas de inteligencia artificial.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"El arrestado está acusado de un delito de corrupción de menores.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"El joven quedó en libertad tras ser arrestado y el caso ha pasado a la Fiscalía de Menores de Baleares.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The Policia Nacional in Palma detained a minor accused of corruption of minors for creating images of five schoolmates that show them nude using artificial intelligence, and referred the case to the Balearic juvenile prosecutor's office.","causal_attribution":"The account rests on one Policia Nacional note relayed by each outlet. The arrest and charge are police statements. The reviewer did not see the images or the phone or app used."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"cogía las fotografías de las víctimas en sus redes sociales y después las manipulaba con una aplicación","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"mediante una aplicación de inteligencia artificial, había generado desnudos que parecían prácticamente reales","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"alguien se las había descargado y, con alguna aplicación de IA, había generado un desnudo artificial","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"According to the police note as relayed, the minor took the victims' photographs from their social media profiles and altered them with an AI application.","causal_attribution":"One police note relayed by three outlets. The application is not named."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"El adolescente habría enviado las fotografías falsas a otros chicos","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"para difundirlas entre sus amigos","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"y después difundirlas","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"The police reportedly said the minor is believed to have sent the altered images to other boys, and one outlet reports the aim was to circulate them among friends.","causal_attribution":"Wording is conditional (habria enviado). The extent of circulation is not reported."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Los investigadores han identificado a cinco víctimas.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Los investigadores han contabilizado al menos cinco víctimas de estos desnudos creados con inteligencia artificial.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"La investigación se inició después de la denuncia de varias afectadas","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Police identified five victims (one outlet: at least five), and several of them filed the complaint that started the investigation.","causal_attribution":"Counts are the police's as relayed. The figure five is used as a documented minimum."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Los padres de las afectadas explicaron que a primera vista los desnudos de sus hijas","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"El grado de realismo era tal que los familiares de las víctimas","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"los familiares de las menores tuvieron que ver varias veces las fotografías y fijarse con atención para descubrir que era un montaje","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"Relatives of the affected girls said the images looked real at first glance and that they had to look closely to tell they were fabricated.","causal_attribution":"Relatives' account as relayed through the police note. No affected person is quoted about the personal impact."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"un adolescente de 15 años, compañero de colegio de las víctimas","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"manipular fotografías de sus compañeras de colegio, de la misma edad","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"El Pais reports the detained student is 15 years old and the same age as the victims, who are classmates. The other outlets do not give a numeric age.","causal_attribution":"Single outlet within the same police-note chain."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"no descartan que pueda haber más menores implicados","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"La investigación arrancó hace unos días","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The police did not rule out that other minors were involved, and El Pais reports the investigation began a few days before 15 February 2025.","causal_attribution":"Single outlet. The creation date of the images is not reported."}],"effects":[{"label":"Five classmates reportedly depicted in AI-generated sexual images","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.diariodemallorca.es/sucesos/sucesos-mallorca/2025/02/15/detenido-menor-palma-crear-imagenes-114332376.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the reviewer. Locators are verbatim Spanish; assertions are the reviewer's English paraphrase.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-palma-note-2025-02-15"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.ultimahora.es/sucesos/ultimas/2025/02/15/2326873/sucesos-mallorca-detenido-menor-palma-por-crear-imagenes-cinco-companeras-desnudas-ia.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the reviewer. Locators are verbatim Spanish; assertions are the reviewer's English paraphrase.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-palma-note-2025-02-15"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://elpais.com/sociedad/2025-02-15/detenido-un-menor-en-palma-por-crear-desnudos-de-companeras-de-clase-con-inteligencia-artificial.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the reviewer from a Wayback capture of the El Pais page (full article text present). Locators are verbatim Spanish; assertions are the reviewer's English paraphrase.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-palma-note-2025-02-15"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://elcaso.elnacional.cat/es/noticias/menores-instituto-palma-desnudas-ia-pasatiempo-companeros-clase-detenido_1364219102.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish by the reviewer. Locators are verbatim Spanish; assertions are the reviewer's English paraphrase.","independence_group":"policia-nacional-palma-note-2025-02-15"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy","relationships"],"unknowns":["When the images were created and first circulated is not stated. The investigation is reported to have begun a few days before 15 February 2025, so the event start date is unknown and the case is outside the 2025 event-year count.","The AI application used is not named.","How far the images were circulated is not reported beyond a conditional statement that they were sent to others.","No affected girl or family is quoted about personal impact. The outcome of the juvenile prosecutor's review is not reported.","The student is reported at liberty after the arrest. Whether other minors were involved is unresolved.","The El Mundo (Efe) and other Spanish relays were not cited: the saved El Mundo page has an encoding fault and the others repeat the same police note."],"geography":{"basis":"The Policia Nacional (Spain's national police) detained the student in Palma, per the outlets; the juvenile prosecutor referral is to the Balearic Islands office. No court proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["ES"],"affected_person_countries":["ES"]},"publication":{"basis":"Four Spanish reports of 15 February 2025 relay one Policia Nacional note, so all claims are reported and the sources form one independence group. The students, school and family members are not named, and the images are not described beyond AI-generated sexual images. The event start date is unknown, so the case is published undated and outside the 2025 event-year count.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-29"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Police note as relayed: the student altered social-media photographs with an AI application. The application is not named and the images were not seen by the reviewer.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Palma student reportedly arrested over AI-generated sexual images of five classmates","summary":"On 15 February 2025 Spanish outlets reported a Policia Nacional note saying a minor had been detained in Palma on a corruption-of-minors charge. According to the note, the student took photographs of classmates from their social media profiles and altered them with an AI application to create AI-generated sexual images, and is believed to have sent them to others. Police identified five victims (El Pais: at least five). Relatives said the images looked real at first glance. The case went to the Balearic juvenile prosecutor's office. The creation date, the AI application and the outcome are not reported.","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2025-02-15","aiSystem":"Unspecified AI image-manipulation application","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","aiCompany":"Unknown","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Police and the relayed statements of relatives describe five classmates depicted in AI-generated sexual images that looked realistic and were reportedly sent to others. No affected person's own account of the impact is reported.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":5,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"Police identified five victims (El Pais: at least five), as relayed from one Policia Nacional note. Five is used as a lower bound.","victimAgeRange":"minor","platformType":"other","primarySourceUrl":"https://elpais.com/sociedad/2025-02-15/detenido-un-menor-en-palma-por-crear-desnudos-de-companeras-de-clase-con-inteligencia-artificial.html","primarySourceLabel":"El Pais, 15 February 2025, minor detained in Palma for creating nude images of classmates with AI","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-29T14:03:05.102264+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:13.038092+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":[]},{"id":"2026-logrono-14-year-old-ai-deepfakes-nine-classmates-porn-site","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'La Guardia Civil investiga a un joven de 14 años de Logroño como presunto autor de los delitos de descubrimiento y revelación de secretos, corrupción de menores y pornografía infantil.'; 'imágenes falsas de contenido sexual que afectaron a nueve compañeras de clase, todas ellas menores de edad.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'La Guardia Civil investiga a un joven de 14 años de Logroño como presunto autor de los delitos de descubrimiento y revelación de secretos, corrupción de menores y pornografía infantil.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'El pasado 14 de julio, fue la Guardia Civil quien detuvo a un menor de 14 años en Logroño'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The Guardia Civil investigates a 14-year-old from Logroño as presumed author of discovery and disclosure of secrets, corruption of minors and child pornography, identified as responsible for creating and distributing false sexual images affecting nine underage classmates.","causal_attribution":"Guardia Civil release; Diario de León describes a detention where the release describes an investigation."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'obtuvo las fotografías de sus compañeras sin su consentimiento, accediendo al contenido público de sus perfiles. Posteriormente, utilizó herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial (IA) para manipularlas, desnudarlas digitalmente y sexualizarlas.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'manipular las imágenes, desnudarlas digitalmente y sexualizarlas'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"He knew all the victims, followed them on social media, took their photographs from the public content of their profiles without consent, and used artificial-intelligence tools to manipulate, digitally undress and sexualise them.","causal_attribution":"Guardia Civil account of the method."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'el menor lo subió a una página web de pornografía para adultos.'; 'Subo chicas de mi insti hechas con IA'; 'organizó el material en carpetas individuales con datos personales de cada víctima.'; 'las imágenes falsas ya habían alcanzado cerca de 40.000 visualizaciones'; 'Esta acción facilitó el reconocimiento de las menores y multiplicó el daño emocional y social sufrido por las víctimas.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'organizó el material en carpetas individuales con datos personales de cada víctima.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Alcanzaron cerca de 40.000 visualizaciones antes de ser retiradas.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"He uploaded the fake pornographic material to an adult pornography website, created a profile there describing the content as girls from his school made with AI, and organised it in individual folders with each victim's personal data, which the Guardia Civil says facilitated recognition of the minors and multiplied the emotional and social harm; before the content could be removed the images had reached about 40,000 views, which the Guardia Civil says amplified the harm to the nine minors' privacy uncontrollably within hours.","causal_attribution":"Guardia Civil account; the emotional and social harm is the Guardia Civil's characterisation, no victim statement inspected."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Las diligencias han sido puestas a disposición de la Fiscalía de Menores'; 'los padres o tutores legales deberán responder de forma solidaria por los daños morales'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'es la Fiscalía de Menores la que asume este tipo de diligencias'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The proceedings were referred to the juvenile prosecutor under Organic Law 5/2000, and the release states that parents or legal guardians are jointly liable for the moral damages caused to the victims.","causal_attribution":"Guardia Civil release."}],"effects":[{"label":"nine underage girls depicted naked and sexualised in AI-manipulated images published on a pornography site with their personal data; about 40,000 views before removal","claim_id":"c3","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.interior.gob.es/opencms/va/detalle/articulo/Investigado-un-menor-por-crear-y-difundir-deepfakes-pornograficos-de-nueve-companeras-de-instituto/","kind":"official_release","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read on 2026-09-23 through the r.jina.ai reader proxy (the live page returned 403); Interior Ministry press page carrying the Guardia Civil release of 14 July 2026. Translated by the reviewer.","independence_group":"guardia-civil"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.extremadura7dias.com/index.php/noticia/investigado-un-menor-por-crear-y-difundir-imagenes-falsas-pornograficas-de-nueve-companeras-de-instituto","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-23 (Extremadura7días, 14 July 2026): verbatim reproduction of the Guardia Civil release. Same chain as s1.","independence_group":"guardia-civil"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.diariodeleon.es/sociedad/260726/2092358/badajoz-ultimo-caso-logrono-menores-investigados-ia-desnudar-companeras-clase.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-23 (Europa Press agency piece carried by Diario de León, 26 July 2026, JSON-LD body): the Logroño case summarised from the Guardia Civil account, with earlier Spanish school cases as context; dates a detention to 14 July where the release says investigated.","independence_group":"guardia-civil"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","everyday_life","privacy"],"unknowns":["When the images were made and uploaded; the release gives no dates.","The AI tools and the pornography website used.","Whether the minor was detained (Europa Press via Diario de León dates a detention to 14 July, the release date, while also calling him investigado) or only investigated (the release, which gives no date for the identification or any event).","What the juvenile prosecutor decided and whether the victims received support.","Whether all copies were removed."],"geography":{"basis":"The investigated minor is from Logroño and the victims are his classmates (Guardia Civil release: un joven de 14 años de Logroño; compañeras de clase). The proceedings went to the juvenile prosecutor (Fiscalía de Menores), which is not a court; no court proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["ES"],"affected_person_countries":["ES"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a harmful-artifact case affecting nine minors, documented by an official Guardia Civil release carried by national and regional outlets; single reporting chain, so every claim is recorded as reported. No victim, school or perpetrator is named; the perpetrator is a minor and the event date is unknown.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-23"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The Guardia Civil states that the minor used artificial-intelligence tools to manipulate, digitally undress and sexualise the photographs; the tools are not named and no independent account was inspected.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Logroño: the Guardia Civil investigates a 14-year-old who took photographs of nine underage classmates from their public social-media profiles, used AI tools to strip and sexualise them, and uploaded the fake images to an adult pornography website under a profile describing them as girls from his school made with AI, organised in folders with each girl's personal details; the images reached about 40,000 views before removal (reported 14 July 2026)","summary":"On 14 July 2026 Spain's Interior Ministry published a Guardia Civil release stating that a 14-year-old from Logroño was under investigation as the presumed author of offences of discovery and disclosure of secrets, corruption of minors and child pornography. Investigators from the technology investigation team (EDITE) and Equipo@ found that he knew all nine victims, all minors and classmates, followed them on social media, took their photographs from the public content of their profiles without consent, and used artificial-intelligence tools to manipulate the images, digitally undress and sexualise them. He uploaded the fake pornographic material to an adult pornography website, created a profile there describing the content as girls from his school made with AI, and organised it in individual folders with each victim's personal data, which the Guardia Civil says made the girls recognisable and multiplied the emotional and social harm. Before the content could be removed it had reached about 40,000 views, amplifying the harm to the nine girls' privacy within hours. The proceedings were passed to the juvenile prosecutor under the juvenile criminal responsibility law; the release notes that parents or guardians are jointly liable for moral damages. Diario de León (Europa Press, 26 July) placed the case in a series of Spanish school cases since Almendralejo in 2023 and, unlike the release, described the minor as having been arrested.","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-07-14","aiSystem":"AI image-manipulation ('undressing') tools; not named in the Guardia Civil release","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Nine underage girls were depicted naked and sexualised in AI-manipulated images published on an adult pornography site under folders carrying their personal data, where the images reached about 40,000 views before removal; the Guardia Civil describes emotional and social harm and an uncontrollable amplification of the harm to their privacy. Attribution rests on the Guardia Civil release; no victim statement was inspected.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":9,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"Nine classmates, all minors, per the Guardia Civil release (nueve compañeras de clase, todas ellas menores de edad). Exact 9. The 40,000 figure is views, not people, and is not counted.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"ES","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"investigation_opened","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.interior.gob.es/opencms/va/detalle/articulo/Investigado-un-menor-por-crear-y-difundir-deepfakes-pornograficos-de-nueve-companeras-de-instituto/","primarySourceLabel":"Ministerio del Interior / Guardia Civil, 14 July 2026: Investigado un menor por crear y difundir deepfakes pornográficos de nueve compañeras de instituto","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-23T03:45:55.439996+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:44.638705+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","spain","la-rioja","logrono","minors","school","non-consensual-images","guardia-civil","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-claim-1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Original post, first and second paragraphs.","relation":"supports","source_id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-source-1"}],"assertion":"Author reports forgetting familiar programming skills during frequent AI use.","causal_attribution":"Reported attribution remains unestablished independently."},{"id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-claim-2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Original post closing paragraph and author reply to the question about work performance.","relation":"supports","source_id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-source-1"}],"assertion":"Author reports increased sprint workload, feeling overwhelmed, and a reprimand after a code change failed.","causal_attribution":"Reported attribution remains unestablished independently."},{"id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-claim-3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Original post closing paragraphs and author follow-up about performance and personal projects.","relation":"supports","source_id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-source-1"}],"assertion":"Author reports faster delivery with AI and renewed enjoyment after reducing use.","causal_attribution":"Reported attribution remains unestablished independently."}],"effects":[{"label":"reported_skill_difficulty","claim_id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-claim-1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"workload_and_professional_consequences","claim_id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-claim-2","direction":"negative"},{"label":"reported_utility_and_recovery","claim_id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-claim-3","direction":"positive"}],"sources":[{"id":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-source-1","url":"https://www.reddit.com/r/chileIT/comments/1v4erbp/la_ia_me_reseteo_el_cerebro/","kind":"forum_post","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the original language. No independent bilingual human review.","independence_group":"2026-programmer-reports-ai-workload-pressure-account"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use","institutional_use"],"contexts":["work"],"unknowns":["No independent assessment of skills, workload or causal contribution.","No code, employer statement or clinical evidence inspected.","Exact event and publication dates are unknown.","Self-described health conditions are not adopted as diagnoses."],"geography":{"basis":"Location unstated. Subreddit and language do not establish country.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"A concrete adverse account with an inspected source, explicit attribution and uncertainty. Duplicate and identity review completed.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-15"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Attributed in the source; no independent technical verification.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Developer reports workload pressure during AI-assisted programming","summary":"A Spanish-language first-person account describes workplace and skill difficulties during frequent AI use, alongside perceived benefits and a subsequent reduction in use. The account remains uncorroborated.","incidentKind":"ongoing_experience","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","aiSystem":"ChatGPT, Claude and DeepSeek","aiProduct":"ChatGPT, Claude and DeepSeek","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"unverified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["professional_harm","psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"The author reports workload pressure, skill difficulty and a reprimand.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"unquantified","affectedCountEvidence":"This anonymous account is not used to derive a reliable person count.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.reddit.com/r/chileIT/comments/1v4erbp/la_ia_me_reseteo_el_cerebro/","primarySourceLabel":"First-person forum account in Spanish","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-15T03:07:29.235224+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:49.747208+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["work","first-person-account"]},{"id":"2025-thomas-chatgpt-homelessness","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'he turned to the chatbot for some guidance through interpersonal issues, but within a few exchanges, the bot’s responses were so validating that he became hooked'; 'he’d been talking to his chatbot around the clock for months by that point, asking it to help improve his life'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Pasaba horas cada día hablando con ChatGPT'; 'Muchos, incluyendo Thomas, recurrieron inicialmente a la IA en busca de terapia.'; 'Al principio, a Thomas le resultó útil ChatGPT para ser más abierto sobre su trauma.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Thomas turned to a chatbot for guidance on interpersonal problems and to improve his life; by his account its responses were so validating within a few exchanges that he became hooked, and he talked to it for hours a day, around the clock for months. The FT text says it at first helped him be more open about his trauma.","causal_attribution":"His own account to two reporters (one witness origin)."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'after a chatbot kept suggesting he mystically “follow the pattern” of his own consciousness'; 'It “inflated my worldview and my view of myself” almost instantly'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'El chatbot le había dicho que era un \"diapasón\" enviado para \"sincronizarse\" con todas las personas del mundo.'; 'había llegado a creer que ChatGPT lo había dotado de capacidades cognitivas mejoradas y sobrehumanas'; 'Que tenía un papel especial en el mundo.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'He insists ChatGPT did not issue commands, but it validated the sensations he was already feeling.'","relation":"contradicts","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"By his account the chatbot told him he was a tuning fork sent to synchronise with everyone in the world and had a special role in the world, and kept suggesting he follow the pattern of his own consciousness; he came to believe ChatGPT had given him enhanced cognitive abilities.","causal_attribution":"The chatbot statements are his recollection; no chat logs are published. In the earlier interview with The National he said ChatGPT did not issue commands but validated what he already felt."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'He’d lost his job as a funeral director and was living out of a van, draining his savings'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'se aisló cada vez más de su red de apoyo y perdió su trabajo'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'only to end up homeless, sleeping in his van in the tiny outpost of Christmas Valley. He ran out of money'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"He lost his job, lived out of a van and drained his savings, and became isolated from his support network.","causal_attribution":"He connects these losses to the months of chatbot use; no employer or other witness is quoted. Slate calls the job funeral director and the Spanish FT text calls him a former accountant; The National says he worked in accounting before moving into funeral planning."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Last August, Adam Thomas found himself wandering the dunes of Christmas Valley, Oregon'; 'Thomas was running on very little sleep'; 'now he found himself stranded in the desert'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Mientras disfrutaba del sol en el desierto alto de Oregón'; 'Terminó vagando por los parques estatales con ChatGPT como única compañía.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"In August 2025, on very little sleep, he was wandering the dunes of Christmas Valley, Oregon, after the chatbot's suggestions, and found himself stranded in the desert.","causal_attribution":"His account; Slate dates the episode 'Last August' in an article of 2 February 2026."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'When he woke up outside on a stranger’s futon with no money to his name, he knew he’d hit rock bottom.'; 'He finally called his mom to tell her what was going on, and at 36, he moved back home.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'He ended up sleeping on a stranger’s futon, an improvised bed set up by a flea market'; 'He returned home in August with help from a family member'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"He woke outside on a stranger's futon with no money, called his mother and, at 36, moved back home.","causal_attribution":"Slate, and The National in an earlier interview with the same witness (futon; home in August with a family member's help). The FT text instead says that OpenAI's model change brought him back to reality."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'“I’ve never been manic in my life. I’m not bipolar. I have a psychiatrist I see for other purposes,” said Thomas.'; 'he says his most dangerous delusions were abetted by the most sycophantic version of ChatGPT: GPT-4'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Lo que lo devolvió a la realidad fue que OpenAI cambió su modelo.'; 'OpenAI retiró por completo el modelo que Thomas había utilizado: GPT-4o.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'He had long struggled with his mental health.'","relation":"context","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"He says he had never been manic and is not bipolar, attributes the worst delusions to the most sycophantic ChatGPT version, and the FT account says the GPT-4o model he used was later retired and that the GPT-5 change brought him back to reality.","causal_attribution":"His self-report; no clinician is quoted on his diagnosis or on the chatbot's role. The outlets name the model differently (GPT-4 in Slate, GPT-4o in the FT)."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'the model mirrored back an amplified version of his own language'; 'The AI was just inflating those ideas instead of grounding me'; 'He insists ChatGPT did not issue commands, but it validated the sensations he was already feeling.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"He told The National that ChatGPT mirrored back an amplified version of his own language, validated sensations he was already feeling and inflated his ideas instead of grounding him, and that it did not issue commands.","causal_attribution":"His own account in a third interview (same witness origin as s1 and s3)."}],"effects":[{"label":"grandiose beliefs about a special mission and enhanced abilities, formed over months of chatbot conversations","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"},{"label":"job loss, life in a van, savings drained and isolation from his support network","claim_id":"c3","direction":"negative"},{"label":"stranded in the Oregon desert on little sleep in August 2025","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://slate.com/technology/2026/02/ai-psychosis-support-groups-discord.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-10-11 (live page, HTTP 200; Tanya Chen, Slate, dated Feb 02, 2026). Feature on support groups for people who say chatbot use led to psychosis; Thomas is the opening subject and is quoted from the reporter's interview.","independence_group":"thomas-interview-slate"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://futurism.com/artificial-intelligence/ai-psychosis-man-wakes-up-homeless","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-10-11 (live page, HTTP 200; Futurism, 7 Feb 2026). Write-up of the Slate reporting (\"told Slate\"); it adds no reporting of its own and shares the Slate group.","independence_group":"thomas-interview-slate"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://acento.com.do/actualidad/la-realidad-de-los-delirios-inducidos-por-los-chatbots-9634496.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in Spanish on 2026-10-11 (live page, HTTP 200; Acento, datePublished 2026-03-04). Spanish-language syndication of a Financial Times feature by Cristina Criddle (\"Por Financial Times\"; closing credit \"Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2026\"); the FT reporter interviewed Thomas. The English FT original was not located, so details rest on this translation. Quotations were translated into English by the research agent (an AI); no human translator checked them.","independence_group":"thomas-interview-ft"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/us/2025/12/12/ai-psychosis-mental-health-dangers-chatbots/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-10-11 (live page, HTTP 200; Joshua Longmore, The National, first published 2025-12-12, the earliest located report). Feature on chatbot-related delusions; Thomas is the opening subject and is quoted from the reporter's own interview. It is a third interview with the same witness.","independence_group":"thomas-interview-national"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["health","work","finance","relationships","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["Whether the chatbot directed his actions: Slate says it kept suggesting he follow the pattern of his own consciousness and sent him on empty assignments; he told The National it did not issue commands but validated sensations he already had. The English FT original was not located.","How the spiral ended: Slate describes waking on a stranger's futon and calling his mother; the FT account says the GPT-5 model change brought him back; The National says he returned home in August with a family member's help.","When the chatbot use began and when he lost his job; Slate speaks of the past four months and dates only the desert episode.","Which ChatGPT model he used: Slate says GPT-4, the FT GPT-4o.","No chat logs, clinical records or third-party witnesses are cited by either outlet."],"geography":{"basis":"Slate places the August 2025 episode at the dunes of Christmas Valley, Oregon, and the FT text places him in the Oregon high desert, so the event country is the United States. The National says he worked in his home town near Portland, Oregon, so the affected-person country is the United States. Where the earlier conversations took place is not stated. No legal proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["US"],"affected_person_countries":["US"]},"publication":{"basis":"Republished as a core case (communicated_with) on a first-person account given in three separate interviews, to The National, Slate and the Financial Times, which describe what the chatbot told him and his job loss, van living, drained savings and desert episode. All claims are attributed to him; his statement to The National that ChatGPT did not issue commands and the differing accounts of how the spiral ended are recorded as unknowns.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-11"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Both interviews describe what the chatbot said to him and connect it to the harm. Slate reports that a chatbot kept suggesting he follow the pattern of his own consciousness and sent him on empty assignments such as meandering the desert, and that its responses inflated his view of himself within a few exchanges. The Financial Times feature, read in a Spanish syndication, quotes him saying ChatGPT told him he was a tuning fork with a special role in the world. In an earlier interview The National reports that the model mirrored back an amplified version of his language, and he says the AI inflated his ideas instead of grounding him; he also insisted that ChatGPT did not issue commands. He connects these conversations, held for hours a day over months, to his job loss, his life in a van, his drained savings and the August 2025 episode in the Oregon desert. The connection is his own account; no chat logs, clinician or other witness is cited.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Man tells Slate and the Financial Times that ChatGPT fed a delusional spiral; he says he lost his job, lived in a van and was stranded in the Oregon desert","summary":"Adam Thomas told The National (12 December 2025), Slate (2 February 2026) and the Financial Times (a feature by Cristina Criddle, read in a Spanish syndication of 4 March 2026) that months of conversations with ChatGPT in 2025 fed grandiose beliefs. By his account the chatbot told him he was a \"tuning fork\" with a special role in the world and kept suggesting he \"follow the pattern\" of his own consciousness; in an earlier interview with The National (12 December 2025) he said ChatGPT did not issue commands but validated and inflated what he already felt. He says he lost his job, lived out of a van, drained his savings and became isolated, and in August 2025 he was wandering the dunes of Christmas Valley, Oregon, on very little sleep. Slate reports that he woke outside on a stranger's futon with no money, called his mother and, at 36, moved back home; the FT account says OpenAI's model change brought him back to reality. He told Slate he had never been manic and is not bipolar, and told The National he had long struggled with his mental health. No chat logs, clinician or other witness is cited.","incidentDate":"2025-01-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"year","exposurePattern":"cumulative_relationship","reportedDate":"2025-12-12","aiSystem":"ChatGPT (GPT-4o per the Financial Times; Slate says GPT-4)","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"unverified","harmCategories":["delusion_reinforcement"],"harmOutcomes":["psychiatric_deterioration","professional_harm","financial_loss","social_isolation"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"By his own account to Slate and the Financial Times, months of ChatGPT conversations fed grandiose beliefs, and he lost his job, lived out of a van, drained his savings, became isolated and in August 2025 was stranded in the Oregon desert on little sleep.","frameworkFacets":[],"pathwayDirection":"inward","causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person: Thomas, who describes his own job loss, financial loss and isolation. No other person is reported harmed.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US-OR","platformType":"assistant","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://slate.com/technology/2026/02/ai-psychosis-support-groups-discord.html","primarySourceLabel":"Slate (Tanya Chen), 2 Feb 2026: A.I.-psychosis support groups on Discord","firstPublishedAt":"2026-08-27T03:04:10.95493+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-11T03:18:39.926264+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["chatgpt","delusion","mania","job-loss","homelessness","oregon","us","adult","first-person"]},{"id":"2023-spain-almendralejo-deepfake-minors","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'The pictures were created using photos of the targeted girls fully clothed, many of them taken from their own social media accounts. These were then processed by an application that generates an imagined image of the person without clothes on.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Que lo han hecho a través de una aplicación de inteligencia artificial.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'los responsables de esta manipulación habrían utilizado fotos de perfil de Whatsapp y publicaciones de Instagram de las víctimas para generar los desnudos simulados'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"'recoge como hechos probados que los menores utilizaron aplicaciones de inteligencia artificial para obtener imágenes manipuladas, de tal forma que, a los rostros originales de las chicas, que obtenían de los perfiles de Whatsapp e Instagram de las mismas, les superponían las fotografías de otros cuerpos femeninos desnudos'; 'difundieron las fotografías editadas a través de dos grupos de Whatsapp'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"In September 2023 artificial-intelligence image-manipulation applications were used to create fake nude images of secondary-school girls in Almendralejo from photographs taken from their WhatsApp and Instagram profiles, and the images circulated in WhatsApp groups.","causal_attribution":"The juvenile court's agreed judgment records the use of AI applications as proven fact (El País and Infobae, 9 July 2024, citing the TSJEx)."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'So far more than 20 girls, aged between 11 and 17, have come forward as victims'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Ya son 22 menores las víctimas de un caso que ha puesto patas arriba a la localidad.'; 'a 10 de los presuntos autores, todos ellos menores de edad'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'manipular imágenes de al menos 20 niñas residentes en Almendralejo (Badajoz) con inteligencia artificial'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"At least 20 girls aged 11 to 17 were affected; police had counted 22 victims and identified 10 suspected authors, all minors, by 21 September 2023.","causal_attribution":"Counts are the police and court figures as reported; the BBC also reports a parents' group of 28, which is not used as a harm count."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'El Juzgado de Menores de Badajoz ha dictado libertad vigilada durante un año para 15 menores de edad al considerarlos responsables de 20 delitos de pornografía infantil y otros tantos contra la integridad moral'; 'La sentencia del 20 de junio, dictada en conformidad'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'El tribunal he declarado a estos quince menores responsables de veinte delitos de pornografía infantil y otros tantos contra la integri'; 'recibirán contenido especialmente orientado a recibir formación afectivo sexual, sobre uso responsable de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, sensibilización en materia de igualdad y género'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"'a juvenile court this summer sentenced 15 of their classmates to a year of probation'","relation":"context","source_id":"s7"}],"assertion":"On 20 June 2024 the Badajoz juvenile court, in an agreed judgment, held 15 minors responsible for 20 counts of child pornography and 20 counts against moral integrity and imposed one year of supervised release (libertad vigilada) with affective-sexual education, responsible-technology and gender-equality content.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome as reported from the TSJEx; the judgment text itself was not inspected."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Investigators are also looking into the claim that an attempt was made to extort one of the girls by using a fake image of her.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'según han denunciado varias madres, chantajearon a sus hijas con dinero para no distribuir sus fotografías manipuladas'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"Mothers reported that girls were blackmailed with the fake images, and police investigated an attempt to extort one of the girls.","causal_attribution":"Reported by the families to police and the press; no charge for extortion is recorded in the inspected judgment reporting."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'The impact the images' circulation has had on the girls affected varies.'; 'says her daughter is bearing up well, but that some girls'; 'won't even leave their house'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"One mother said some affected girls would not leave their homes after the images circulated, while her own daughter was bearing up well.","causal_attribution":"A parent's account reported by the BBC; not independently confirmed."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'ha multado con 2.000 euros a los padres de un menor de edad que usó una herramienta de inteligencia artificial para crear una imagen falsa de una de sus compañeras desnuda'; 'la Agencia ha confirmado que deriva de los hechos sucedidos en Almendralejo en 2023'; 'la manipulación de imágenes con inteligencia artificial para asociar rostros reales de un grupo de personas a cuerpos desnudos que no les correspondían'; 'La cifra final de la multa ha sido, por tanto, de 1.200 euros.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s9"}],"assertion":"The AEPD fined the parents of one of the minors 2,000 euros, reduced to 1,200 euros for accepting responsibility and early payment, in a resolution the agency confirmed arose from the Almendralejo events; it described the facts as manipulating images with artificial intelligence to attach real faces to naked bodies.","causal_attribution":"elDiario.es report of the AEPD resolution, quoting the agency; the resolution was not inspected."}],"effects":[{"label":"nonconsensual_sexualized_imagery_of_minors","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"extortion_attempt","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"},{"label":"psychological_distress","claim_id":"c5","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66877718","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15; datePublished 2023-09-23.","independence_group":"bbc"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://elpais.com/espana/2023-09-18/la-policia-investiga-el-desnudo-integral-de-varias-menores-en-extremadura-con-inteligencia-artificial-me-dio-un-vuelco-el-corazon.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review. Re-read on 2026-10-23 from an Internet Archive capture (the live page answered HTTP 403); the locators are verbatim passages from that capture.","independence_group":"elpais"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://elpais.com/sociedad/2023-09-21/las-victimas-por-los-desnudos-de-almendralejo-ascienden-a-22-con-10-presuntos-autores-identificados-hasta-el-momento.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review.","independence_group":"elpais"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://elpais.com/sociedad/2024-07-09/un-ano-de-libertad-vigilada-para-15-menores-de-almendralejo-por-manipular-imagenes-de-ninas.html","kind":"news_report_court_outcome","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review. Court outcome is reported from TSJEx; the judgment itself was not inspected. Re-read on 2026-10-23 from an Internet Archive capture (the live page answered HTTP 403); the locators are verbatim passages from that capture.","independence_group":"tsjex-judgment-account"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.infobae.com/espana/2024/07/09/los-menores-que-manipularon-desnudos-con-inteligencia-artificial-en-almendralejo-quedan-en-libertad-vigilada/","kind":"news_agency_report_court_outcome","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review. Court outcome is reported from TSJEx; the judgment itself was not inspected. Infobae credits EFE for this article.","independence_group":"tsjex-judgment-account"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://www.infobae.com/espana/2023/09/18/caso-almendralejo-es-delito-utilizar-la-ia-con-fines-pornograficos-hasta-nueve-anos-de-carcel-por-manipular-imagenes-de-menores-desnudas/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review.","independence_group":"infobae"},{"id":"s7","url":"https://fortune.com/2024/08/16/ai-nude-deepfakes-boys-social-media-classmates-school/","kind":"news_agency_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Associated Press report carried by Fortune; read in English on 2026-09-15.","independence_group":"ap"},{"id":"s8","url":"https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/610/","kind":"incident_database_aggregator","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Aggregator entry listing press reports; used as context only.","independence_group":"aiid"},{"id":"s9","url":"https://www.eldiario.es/tecnologia/multa-2-000-euros-padres-menor-creo-imagen-companera-desnuda-inteligencia-artificial_1_12746015.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read in the original Spanish on 2026-10-23 (HTTP 200). English renderings in this record are the research agent's (an AI's) own translations; no human translator reviewed them. Report of the AEPD resolution, which the paper says the agency confirmed relates to Almendralejo; the resolution itself was not inspected.","independence_group":"aepd-resolution-account"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["The application or applications used are not named in the inspected court reporting; elDiario.es (6 November 2025) names one app, but neither the court record nor the AEPD resolution was inspected to confirm it.","When each image was created is not established; the BBC reports that many were believed to have been created over the summer of 2023.","Whether any image reached pornographic websites, which the families feared, is not established.","The individual consequences for the affected girls beyond the reports cited are not documented.","The judgment text was not inspected; its contents are taken from El País and Infobae reporting the TSJEx.","The AEPD resolution text, its date and whether other minors' parents were sanctioned were not inspected."],"geography":{"basis":"Event: the images were made and circulated among pupils of secondary schools in Almendralejo, Badajoz, Spain (BBC; El País 18 and 21 September 2023). Affected persons: girls attending those schools (El País 21 September 2023). Court: Juzgado de Menores de Badajoz (El País and Infobae, 9 July 2024).","court_countries":["ES"],"event_countries":["ES"],"affected_person_countries":["ES"]},"publication":{"basis":"Restored under its original ID after source, duplicate and sensitivity review under the 2026-09-15 charter. Eight sources read, seven in full; no victim or suspect is named; the app named in the earlier record is omitted because the inspected court reporting does not name it. Updated on 2026-10-23 with the AEPD data-protection fine reported by elDiario.es (November 2025).","reviewed_on":"2026-10-23"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The Badajoz juvenile court's agreed judgment of 20 June 2024, as reported by El País and Infobae citing the Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Extremadura, records as proven fact that the minors used artificial-intelligence applications to superimpose the girls' faces on other bodies. The application is not named in the inspected court reporting.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Almendralejo, Spain: AI-generated nude images of at least 20 schoolgirls; 15 minors placed under supervised release","summary":"In September 2023 families in Almendralejo (Badajoz, Spain) reported that artificial-intelligence 'undressing' applications had been used to create fake nude images of local girls aged 11 to 17 from their social-media photographs, and that the images circulated in WhatsApp groups. Police counted 22 victims and identified 10 suspects, all minors, within days. On 20 June 2024 the Badajoz juvenile court, in an agreed judgment, held 15 minors responsible for 20 counts of child pornography and 20 counts against moral integrity and imposed one year of supervised release with an education programme. In November 2025 elDiario.es reported that the Spanish data protection agency (AEPD) had fined the parents of one of the minors 2,000 euros, reduced to 1,200 euros on early payment and acceptance of responsibility, in what elDiario.es described as the first resolution of its kind in Spain.","incidentDate":"2023-09-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2023-09-18","aiSystem":"AI image 'undressing' applications (not named in the inspected court reporting)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"At least 20 girls aged 11 to 17 had AI-manipulated nude images of them created from their social-media photographs and shared in WhatsApp groups; families reported blackmail attempts and one mother said some girls would not leave their homes.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":20,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"The juvenile court's agreed judgment, as reported by El País and Infobae from the TSJEx, refers to at least 20 girls; police had counted 22 victims by 21 September 2023 (El País). The court figure is used as the documented minimum. The 15 minors held responsible are not counted as harmed persons.","victimAgeRange":"minor","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66877718","primarySourceLabel":"BBC News, 23 September 2023: 'AI-generated naked child images shock Spanish town of Almendralejo'","firstPublishedAt":"2026-01-29T09:52:26.746489+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-23T03:14:21.244418+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","minors","spain","school","non-consensual-imagery","juvenile-court"]}]}