{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-04T07:06:47.897Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"seoul","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"","evidence":"","year":"","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":4,"coverage":{"cases":4,"countries":1,"languages":2,"unknownLocation":0,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":1,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":0,"coreRelations":3,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":1,"relationPending":1,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2022-seoul-police-officer-ai-nude-composites-of-acquaintances-telegram-arrest","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'서울 동대문경찰서 소속 경장 ㄱ씨는 성착취물·허위 영상물 소지 및 허위 영상물 제작·반포 등 혐의로 지난달 구속됐다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'서울 동대문경찰서 교통과 소속 20대 경장은 성착취물과 허위 영상물을 만들어 퍼뜨린 혐의로 지난달 구속됐습니다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"A senior police officer (경장) of Seoul's Dongdaemun Police Station was arrested in September 2026 on charges including possession of sexual exploitation material and fake videos and the making and distribution of fake videos.","causal_attribution":"Arrest and charges as reported from police information; no court finding."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'2022년 3월부터 올해 7월까지 AI 애플리케이션을 이용해 지인을 나체로 합성한 허위 영상물 400여 개를 직접 제작했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'AI 앱으로 지인의 신체를 합성한 허위 영상물 4백여 개를 만드는 등 상습적으로 범행을 이어온 것으로 드러났습니다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'인공지능 애플리케이션을 이용해 지인의 신체를 합성한 허위 영상물 400여개를 제작하고'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Using artificial intelligence, the officer even fabricated about 400 nude images of people he knew between March 2022 and July this year'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"According to police, from March 2022 to July 2026 the officer used an AI application to make about 400 fake videos compositing acquaintances as nude.","causal_attribution":"Police allegation as reported; the officer is reported to have confessed to most charges, but no court has ruled."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'지난해 8월부터 지난 4월까지 허위영상물 가운데 일부를 텔레그램 대화방 등을 통해 유포한 혐의도 적용됐다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'지난해 8월부터 올해 4월까지 텔레그램 대화방에 허위 영상물 수십 개를 유포한 혐의도 받고 있다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The officer is also accused of spreading some of the fake videos in Telegram chat rooms between August 2025 and April 2026; Yonhap's account puts the number at several dozen.","causal_attribution":"Charge as reported from police information."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'앞서 부산경찰청은 지난해 12월 허위 영상물이 유포되는 텔레그램 대화방을 수사하기 위해 법원으로부터 신분 위장 수사 허가를 받았다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'수개월에 걸쳐 추적한 끝에 A 경장을 특정했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Busan Metropolitan Police obtained court permission in December 2025 for an undercover investigation of a Telegram room where fake videos were spread, and identified the officer after several months.","causal_attribution":"Investigation history as reported."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'허위 영상물 2천600여개, 아동·청소년 성 착취물 1천600여개, 불법 촬영물 1천300여개 등 총 5천600여개에 달하는 불법 영상물이 발견됐다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Yonhap reports that a search of the officer's devices found about 2,600 fake videos, about 1,600 items of child and adolescent sexual exploitation material and about 1,300 illegally filmed items.","causal_attribution":"Item counts from the device search as reported; they are not counts of people, and the reports do not say which of the child and adolescent material, if any, was AI-made."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'수사 개시 통보 직후 대기 발령 조처됐으며, 구속 이후 직위 해제됐다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'지난달 구속영장이 발부되자 직위해제했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The officer was placed on standby after the station was notified of the investigation and was removed from post after the arrest.","causal_attribution":"Employment action as reported by the station."}],"effects":[{"label":"depicted without consent in AI-made nude composite videos, some spread in Telegram chat rooms","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://v.daum.net/v/20261004103658480","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Hankyoreh article relayed on Daum, read in Korean on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Cites police ('경찰에 따르면').","independence_group":"kr-police-account-dongdaemun-officer"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://v.daum.net/v/20261004104430593","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Gyeonggi Ilbo article relayed on Daum, read in Korean on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Relays the Yonhap wire report, which cites the police investigation.","independence_group":"kr-police-account-dongdaemun-officer"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.mt.co.kr/index.php/amp/society/2026/10/04/2026100410215210921","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Money Today (AMP page), read in Korean on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Relays the News1 wire report.","independence_group":"kr-police-account-dongdaemun-officer"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://v.daum.net/v/20261004112212209","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"MBC article relayed on Daum, read in Korean on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Researcher translation. Cites police.","independence_group":"kr-police-account-dongdaemun-officer"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/amp/southkorea/society/20261004/police-officer-arrested-for-fabricating-distributing-sexually-exploitative-images","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Yonhap English report carried by The Korea Times (AMP page), read on 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200). Same Yonhap chain as s2; it renders the material as nude images.","independence_group":"kr-police-account-dongdaemun-officer"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["privacy","relationships","justice"],"unknowns":["How many acquaintances were depicted and whether any were minors.","Whether any depicted person knew of the material or has made a statement.","Which AI application was used.","When the officer joined the police: December 2023 (Hankyoreh, MBC) or April 2024 (Yonhap, News1).","Whether any of the child and adolescent exploitation material found on the devices was AI-made."],"geography":{"basis":"The officer served at Seoul's Dongdaemun Police Station and was identified by Busan Metropolitan Police after an undercover investigation of a Telegram room; Korean police and a detention warrant are reported. Where the acquaintances live is not stated.","court_countries":["KR"],"event_countries":["KR"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated), consistent with existing AI sexual-imagery rows: police say a serving officer used an AI app to make nude composites of acquaintances and spread some on Telegram, and the officer was arrested. One police-derived reporting chain read across four Korean outlets; neither the officer nor any depicted person is named.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-04"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Police, as reported by Hankyoreh, MBC, Yonhap and News1, say the officer used an AI application to composite acquaintances into nude fake videos. The acquaintances were depicted in the AI output (depicted_or_impersonated). The application is not named and no forensic detail is reported.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Seoul: a serving police officer was arrested after police said the officer used an AI app to make about 400 fake nude composites of acquaintances and spread some on Telegram","summary":"Korean outlets reported on 4 October 2026, citing police, that a senior police officer (경장) in the traffic division of Seoul's Dongdaemun Police Station was arrested in September 2026 on charges including making and distributing fake sexual videos and possessing sexual exploitation material. According to police, from March 2022 to July 2026 the officer used an AI application to make about 400 fake videos compositing acquaintances' bodies as nude, and from August 2025 to April 2026 spread some of them in Telegram chat rooms. Busan police identified the officer after an undercover investigation of a Telegram room that began in December 2025. The acquaintances are not identified and their number is not reported.","incidentDate":"2022-03-01","incidentEndDate":"2026-07-31","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-04","aiSystem":"An AI application (not named) that police say the officer used to composite acquaintances' faces and bodies into nude fake images and videos ('허위 영상물'), as reported by Korean outlets","aiProduct":"Unidentified image and video tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Acquaintances of a Seoul police officer were depicted without consent in about 400 AI-made nude composite videos, some of which were spread in Telegram chat rooms, according to police as reported by Korean outlets.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"unquantified","affectedCountEvidence":"Police refer to acquaintances ('지인') composited in about 400 fake videos but give no number of people depicted; video counts are not person counts. The women secretly filmed and any children in the exploitation material are not counted because their number is not reported and that material is not described as AI-made. Unquantified, numeric placeholders 0.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"KR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"pending","primarySourceUrl":"https://v.daum.net/v/20261004103658480","primarySourceLabel":"Hankyoreh via Daum, 4 October 2026: maker and distributor of sexual material using acquaintances' faces was a Dongdaemun police officer","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-04T03:29:08.406795+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-04T03:29:08.406795+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","non-consensual-imagery","sexual-deepfake","telegram","police-officer-accused","undercover-investigation","south-korea","seoul","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2026-jeju-middle-school-student-filmed-teachers-deepfake-composites-referred","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'제주동부경찰서는 도내 모 중학교 재학생 A군을 성폭력범죄의 처벌 등에 관한 특례법 위반(카메라 등 이용 촬영) 혐의로 지난 17일 불구속 송치했다고 23일 밝혔다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'제주동부경찰서는 성폭력범죄의 처벌 등에 관한 특례법상 카메라 등을 이용한 촬영 혐의로 A 군을 불구속 송치했다고 23일 밝혔다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Jeju Dongbu Police Station announced on 23 September 2026 that a student at a Jeju middle school had been referred to prosecutors without detention on 17 September for violating the Sexual Violence Punishment Act (filming using a camera or similar device).","causal_attribution":"Police announcement carried by both outlets (one origin)."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'경찰은 A군의 휴대전화를 보호자 측으로부터 임의제출받아 디지털 포렌식을 진행했다. 포렌식 과정에서 일부 교사와 관련된 촬영물과 일부 성적 합성물이 확인됐으며, A군은 범행을 인정하고 자백한 것으로 파악됐다.'; '포렌식 결과 일부 선정적인 합성물이 확인됐고, 수치심을 유발할 정도의 자료는 범죄 혐의에 포함해 수사했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The student's phone was voluntarily submitted by his guardians and forensically examined; the examination found footage relating to some teachers and some sexual composites, the student admitted the conduct, and police say suggestive composites causing shame were included in the charged conduct.","causal_attribution":"Police account to Seoul Shinmun."},{"id":"c3","status":"disputed","evidence":[{"locator":"'처음 신고된 피해 교사 외에도 피해 교사가 더 있는 것은 맞지만 몇 명인지는 밝히기 어렵다'; '일부에서 학생 피해자가 있다는 이야기가 있었지만 확인 결과 해당 학교 재학생 피해자는 없었다'; '피해교사들이 현재도 해당 학교에서 학생들을 가르치고 있어 피해 사실이 알려질 경우 2차 피해로 이어질 수 있다는 이유에서다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'피해자가 다수 있는 것을 확인했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'가해학생의 휴대전화에서 제 자신을 촬영한 자료뿐 아니라 다른 교사들과 재학생들이 촬영대상으로 보이는 자료도 직접 확인했다.'; '수사기관이 학교에 신원확인을 요청한 것은 가해학생에 관한 것이었으며, 촬영 대상자로 보이는 재학생들의 신원을 확인하기 위한 별도의 자료 요청은 없었던 것으로 파악됐다고 A씨는 전했다.'","relation":"contradicts","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'제가 가해 학생의 휴대전화에서 확인한 피해 학생이 10∼20명 정도였다'; '그런 상황에서 학교에선 재학생 피해자가 없는 것으로 가정 통신문이 나갔고, 학부모들 사이에서 혼란한 상황이 발생했다'","relation":"contradicts","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"'휴대전화 포렌식 등을 통해 철저히 수사했고, 사회적 통념을 벗어난 행위는 모두 특정해 입증했다'; '수사 과정에서 학생 1명도 피해를 본 것으로 확인됐는데, 이 학생은 다른 학교에 재학 중인 학생'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"Police say there are more victim teachers than the one first reported but withheld the number because the teachers still teach at the school and disclosure could cause secondary harm, and that no student at the school was a victim; on 29 September police added that one student victim was confirmed, a student at a different school, while the victim teachers say current students and a graduate appear in the footage.","causal_attribution":"Disputed. Police position (Seoul Shinmun 23 September; News1 and JoongAng 29 September): thorough forensics, no student at the school, one confirmed student victim at a different school. Victim teachers' position (press interview 29 September, one origin across outlets): 10-20 current students and a graduate appear in the footage, no identification procedure was run, and the school's letter to parents said there were no student victims."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'특히 피해교사들이 직접 여러 학생과 관련된 촬영물을 확인했는데도 별도의 강제 압수수색 없이 사건이 마무리되는 것 아니냐는 우려를 제기했다.'; '임의제출받은 휴대전화에 대한 포렌식으로 필요한 증거를 확보했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The Jeju teachers' union questioned whether the full scope of harm was established, saying the victim teachers had themselves seen footage involving several students yet no compulsory seizure was made; police replied that forensics of the voluntarily submitted phone secured the necessary evidence.","causal_attribution":"Union and police positions as reported."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'피해교사들은 사건이 드러난 지 두 달이 지나도록 병원 치료와 심리상담을 받으면서도 매일 학교에 출근해 수업하고 있다.'; '지난 14일에는 변호사 조력 없이 경찰 피해자 조사를 받았고, 17일에는 교육청과 학교안전공제회의 조력 없이 지역교권보호위원회에 출석했다. 형사고소장도 피해교사들이 직접 작성해 제출했다고 노조는 주장했다.'; '대체교사를 구하기 어려워 사용할 수 있는 특별휴가 16일 가운데 3~4일 정도만 사용하고 있다는 게 노조 측 설명이다.'; '노조는 학교안전공제회가 형사고소 변호사비를 피해교사 개인별이 아닌'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'제주교사노동조합은 14일 입장문을 내고 해당 사건 피해교사들이 이날 도교육청 변호사의 조력을 받지 못한 채 경찰 피해자 조사에 출석했다고 밝혔다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s10"}],"assertion":"According to the union, two months after the case came to light the victim teachers are receiving hospital treatment and counselling while going to school every day; on 14 September they gave police statements without a lawyer and on 17 September attended the regional teachers' rights protection committee without institutional support; they wrote the criminal complaint themselves; they have used only three or four of 16 days of special leave because substitute teachers cannot be found; and the school safety mutual-aid association proposes legal fees of 3.3 million won for all victim teachers combined, payable after the case ends.","causal_attribution":"The union's account as reported; not independently confirmed."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'교육청에도 치료비나 휴식, 병가 등 피해교사에 대한 지원이 필요하다는 취지로 이야기했다'; '피해교사들은 지난 1일과 3일 두 차례 교육감 면담을 요청했지만 받아들여지지 않았고'; '노조는 오는 10월 2일까지 전국 교사·시민을 대상으로 가해자 엄벌 탄원과 피해교사 지원을 요구하는 서명운동을 벌인다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'노조에 따르면 피해교사들은 지난 1일과 3일 두 차례 교육감 면담을 요청했고 이후 재고를 요청했지만 답변을 받지 못했다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s10"}],"assertion":"Police said they had told the education office that the teachers need support such as treatment costs, rest and sick leave; the victim teachers requested meetings with the superintendent on 1 and 3 September without success and a third written request was sent to the superintendent's office on 21 September; the union is collecting signatures until 2 October 2026 for severe punishment and victim support.","causal_attribution":"Police and union statements as reported; the meeting requests are described in a passage introduced by reference to the union side."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'A 군은 7월 중순쯤 모 중학교 현장체험학습 도중 교사의 신체를 휴대전화로 촬영한 혐의로 입건됐다.'; '경찰은 휴대전화 조사 과정에서 범행이 수개월간 이어졌으며 피해자가 다수 있는 것을 확인했다.'; '다만 경찰은 합성물을 유포한 정황은 발견하지 못했다고 전했다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"News1 reports that the student was booked for filming a teacher's body with his phone during a school field trip around mid-July 2026, that the phone examination showed the offending had continued for several months with multiple victims, and that police found no indication the composites were distributed.","causal_attribution":"Police account as reported by News1."},{"id":"c8","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'당시 확인한 내용을 바탕으로 피해대상자와 피해유형을 별도의 목록으로 작성해 뒀다'; '경찰 피해자 조사에서 제가 확인하게 된 제 피해자료의 양이 사건 초기 휴대전화에서 직접 확인했던 것보다 상당히 적었다'; '경찰이 의도적으로 피해를 축소했다는 것은 아니다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'경찰 수사 초기 재학생들이 촬영 대상으로 보이는 자료를 직접 확인해 피해 대상자와 피해 유형을 별도의 목록으로 작성해 뒀다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'경찰 수사 초기 가해 학생의 휴대전화에서 직접 확인한 피해 학생만 10~20명에 달했다'; '졸업생 중에는 교사들보다 훨씬 심각한 수준의 딥페이크 피해를 입은 사례도 존재했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"'저희보다 진짜 심한 내용으로 딥페이크를 많이 당한 한 졸업생을 확인하고, 학부모에게 얘기하고 그 학생이 다니는 학교에 학교폭력 신고도 접수했는데 경찰에서는 (피해자가)특정 안 됐다고 했다'; '경찰은 처음에 불법 촬영만 있다고 하다가 며칠 뒤에야 딥페이크를 찾았다 했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"'2년 간 함께해 온 아이들이었기 때문에 교사로서 피해 상황을 특정할 수 있었고, 피해 학생들의 목록까지 만들어뒀다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s7"}],"assertion":"At a press interview on 29 September 2026 one of the victim teachers said that early in the investigation she had seen on the student's phone material in which other teachers and current students appeared to be the subjects and had written a list of the people and types of harm; that the amount of her own material shown to her at the police victim examination was considerably less than what she had seen, with more confirmed only after she went through her list; that she recognised 10 to 20 students (Yonhap-chain quotes) and a graduate who had suffered worse deepfakes and whose school received a school-violence report; and that she was not alleging deliberate minimisation.","causal_attribution":"The teacher's own account to the press (one origin, carried by several outlets); the numbers are her recollection of what she saw on the phone and are disputed by police (c3, c9)."},{"id":"c9","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'휴대전화 포렌식 등을 통해 철저히 수사했고, 사회적 통념을 벗어난 행위는 모두 특정해 입증했다'; '수사 과정에서 학생 1명도 피해를 본 것으로 확인됐는데, 이 학생은 다른 학교에 재학 중인 학생'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'경찰 측은 수사 과정에서 다른 학교에 재학 중인 학생 1명의 피해 사실을 확인해 입건 수사했다고 설명했다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"Police responded on 29 September 2026 that the investigation had been thorough, using phone forensics, that every act beyond social norms had been identified and proven, and that one student had been confirmed as a victim, a student attending a different school, whose case was booked and investigated.","causal_attribution":"Police official's statement to News1 (by telephone) and as relayed by JoongAng; one origin."},{"id":"c10","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'사건은 지난 22일 경찰에서 검찰로 송치됐다는 통보가 이뤄졌고, 이틀 뒤인 24일 소년보호사건으로 법원에 송치됐다는 결정이 피해 교사들에게 전달됐다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'검찰로 사건이 송치됐다는 통보를 받은 뒤 불과 이틀 만인 지난 24일 소년부 송치 결정이 이뤄졌다는 통보를 받아 당황스러운 상황'; '경찰에 내려던 자료를 하나도 내지 못한 상태인데, 조만간 피해자 의견서와 객관적 자료를 별도로 정리해 제출할 예정'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'해당 중학생은 지난 24일 소년보호사건으로 법원 소년부에 송치됐다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"'경찰이 검찰로 사건을 넘긴지 이틀 만인 지난 24일 소년보호사건으로 법원 송치가 결정된 것에 대해'; '현재 경찰에 제출하기로 한 자료를 하나도 제출하지 못한 상태다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s8"},{"locator":"'피해자료를 제출할 시간도 없이 사건이 검찰을 거쳐 소년부로 넘어갔다고 주장했다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s7"}],"assertion":"The victim teachers were notified on 22 September 2026 that the case had been sent from the police to the prosecution and on 24 September that it had been referred to the court's juvenile division as a juvenile protection case; the teacher said none of the material she had intended to submit to the police had been filed and that a victim opinion and objective material would be submitted separately.","causal_attribution":"The referral dates come from the notifications the teachers describe; no court or prosecution record or official statement was read, so the claim stays reported. The court is not named."},{"id":"c11","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'A씨 등 교사 5명 등의 신체를 불법 촬영하고 딥페이크 이미지를 제작한 혐의로 검거된 해당 중학생은 지난 24일 소년보호사건으로 법원 소년부에 송치됐다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"'B군은 교사 5명 등을 대상으로 한 불법 촬영 혐의로 법원 소년부에 송치된 상태다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"Yonhap-chain reports of 29 September 2026 describe the student as referred to the court's juvenile division on charges of illegally filming five teachers and others and making deepfake images.","causal_attribution":"One chain (Yonhap, via Segye and JoongAng); the origin of the figure (police, referral papers or the union) is not stated. Police had withheld the number on 23 September."},{"id":"c12","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'최초 고소장에는 불법촬영과 AI 허위영상물뿐 아니라 ▲2025년 발생한 실제 신체접촉의 강제추행 해당 여부 ▲2026년 반복적인 접근·대기·지켜보기 등의 행위에 대한 스토킹범죄 해당 여부도 별도로 수사해 달라는 내용이 담겼다고 피해 교사 측은 밝혔다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'이 사건은 지난 7월 학교 현장체험학습에서야 드러났지만 가해 학생에 의한 신체 접촉, 스토킹 등의 피해는 2025년부터 계속됐다고 한다.'; '매일 아침 출근하는 게 굉장히 무서웠습니다. 정확히 제가 올라가는 계단에서 (저를) 찍으려고 기다렸습니다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s8"},{"locator":"'사건은 지난 7월 교외 체험학습 과정에서 불거졌다. 피해교사들에 따르면 당시 학생들과 영화관에 갔고, 한 학생이 교사 주변을 반복적으로 배회하는 모습이 목격됐다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s7"}],"assertion":"The teacher said the original criminal complaint had also asked police to investigate physical contact in 2025 as possible forcible molestation and repeated approaching, waiting and watching in 2026 as possible stalking; Halla Ilbo reports that physical contact and stalking by the student are said to have continued since 2025, and quotes her saying she was frightened every morning because the student waited on the stairs she used in order to film her.","causal_attribution":"The teachers' account of their complaint and experience; whether the 2025 conduct is part of the charged case is not stated."},{"id":"c13","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'제주교사노동조합에 따르면 형사고소 변호사비가 피해교사 전체를 합쳐 330만원으로 산정됐고, 이마저 사건 종결 이후 지급되는 것으로 알려졌다.'; '노조는 피해교사 1인당 기준으로 변호사비를 선지급해야하고, 전담 지원팀을 구성해 특별휴가를 실질적으로 보장해야 한다고 주장했다.'; '도교육청 소속 변호사는 학교 법률자문과 현장 지원 등의 업무를 수행하고 있지만 공공기관 소속이기 때문에 교원 개인의 변호인으로 선임돼 경찰 조사에 참여할 수는 없다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s9"},{"locator":"'이번 사건은 학생과 교사라는 특수성이 있고, 소년법과 관련된 절차도 있기 때문에 이 사건의 특성에 맞는 변호사를 직접 선임하고 싶었지만, 관련된 비용은 지원되지 않았다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s7"},{"locator":"'실제 지역교권보호위원회와 경찰 피해자 조사에는 교육청이 지원한 변호사의 동행 없이 참석했다.'; '교원을 상대로 민·형사 소송이 제기된 경우 교원보호공제회를 통해 심급별 최대 660만원의 소송비용을 지원한다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'피소를 당할 때는 각자 자기 방어를 해야 되기 때문에 개인별로 660만원 내에서 지원하지만, 고소를 하는 경우에는 건당 (330만원을) 지원하고 있다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s8"}],"assertion":"Legal-aid dispute: the union says criminal-complaint lawyer fees were set at 3.3 million won for all victim teachers together, payable after the case ends, and demands per-teacher fees paid in advance and a dedicated support team; the teacher says she wanted to appoint a lawyer suited to a juvenile-law case but no costs were supported and no office lawyer accompanied the teachers to the police examination or the protection committee; the education office says a teacher who is sued receives up to 6.6 million won per instance while a teacher who files a complaint receives 3.3 million won per case, and that its lawyers, as public-body staff, cannot act as an individual teacher's counsel at a police examination.","causal_attribution":"Union, teacher and education-office positions as reported on 29 September; the office's rules are its own description of the mutual-aid terms."},{"id":"c14","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'보다 포괄적인 지원이 가능하도록 국가 성평등가족부가 운영하는 디지털성범죄피해자지원센터를 연계했다고 부연했다.'; '피해자들이 심각한 어려움을 겪고 있는 상황에 비해 초기 지원이 체감되지 못한 부분이 있었던 것 같다'; '그 부분에 대해서는 죄송스럽고 안타깝게 생각하고 있다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s9"},{"locator":"'(064-1395)를 통한 교육활동 침해 사안 통합 지원 체계를 발표하면서'; '좀 더 잘 지원하지 못한 것에 대해 죄송스럽고 안타깝게 생각한다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s8"},{"locator":"'제주도교육청은 이날 오전 별개로 가진 브리핑에서 피해교원에 대한 초기 지원이 충분히 체감되지 못한 부분이 있었다며 유감을 표했다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s7"},{"locator":"'내년 1월 1일 출범하는 교육활동보호담당관의 역할과 운영 방향을 구체화할 예정이다.'; '도교육청은 다음 달 15일 ‘교육활동보호의 새로운 출발, 함께 길을 찾다’를 주제로 토론회를 열어'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"At a briefing on 29 September 2026 the Jeju education office said it had linked the victim teachers to the national Digital Sexual Crime Victim Support Center, announced an integrated support system for teacher-activity infringements run through a hotline and its protection centre, with a forum on 15 October and a new protection officer post from 1 January 2027, and its section head said the office was sorry and regretful that early support had not been felt by the victims.","causal_attribution":"Education office briefing as reported by three outlets (one origin)."},{"id":"c15","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'제주교사노동조합은 14일 입장문을 내고 해당 사건 피해교사들이 이날 도교육청 변호사의 조력을 받지 못한 채 경찰 피해자 조사에 출석했다고 밝혔다.'; '노조는 지난 3일 공제회에 변호사 보수 재산정 이의서를 제출했다.'; '최근 발생한 딥페이크 사건을 거론하며 도교육청의 법률지원 체계를 따져 물었다.'; '타 시도가 어떻게 하고 있는지 파악해 피해 교원들이 혼자 대응하지 않도록 하는 방안을 모색해 보겠다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s10"}],"assertion":"On 14 September 2026 the Jeju Teachers' Union said the victim teachers attended the police victim examination that day without the help of an education-office lawyer, that it had filed an objection on 3 September to the mutual-aid body's fee calculation, and that two requests to meet the superintendent had gone unanswered; the same day a member of the provincial council's education committee questioned the office's legal-support system and the education bureau chief said the office would look at ways to stop victim teachers having to respond alone.","causal_attribution":"Union statement and council proceedings as reported by Newsjeju (one origin)."},{"id":"c16","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'전교조 제주지부는 교육청에 ▲불법촬영물·딥페이크 영상의 신속한 삭제·차단 ▲전문기관과 연계한 피해 영상 모니터링 ▲법률·심리·의료 지원 ▲수사·치료에 필요한 휴가와 시간 보장 ▲대체수업 및 대체인력 지원 ▲가해학생과의 실질적인 분리 ▲피해교사의 개인정보 및 사건정보 보호 등을 요구했다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s11"}],"assertion":"On 28 September 2026 the KTU Jeju branch demanded that the education office set up a victim-support system: rapid deletion and blocking of the filmed and deepfake material, monitoring through specialist bodies, legal, psychological and medical support, leave and time for investigation and treatment, substitute teaching and staff, real separation from the student, protection of the teachers' personal and case information, and a response manual.","causal_attribution":"Union statement as reported (one origin)."}],"effects":[{"label":"teachers secretly filmed by a student, with some footage turned into sexual deepfake composites","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"},{"label":"victim teachers in hospital treatment and counselling for two months while teaching daily; questioned without a lawyer, attended the protection committee without support and wrote the complaint themselves","claim_id":"c5","direction":"negative"},{"label":"the victim teachers say students and a graduate they recognised in the footage were never identified as victims and a letter to parents said there were none; police say one student at another school was confirmed","claim_id":"c8","direction":"negative"},{"label":"a teacher reports fear of going to school because the student waited on the stairs to film her, and physical contact and stalking said to date from 2025 (teacher's account)","claim_id":"c12","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.seoul.co.kr/news/society/accident/2026/09/23/20260923500094","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-23 (Seoul Shinmun, 강동삼, published 11:18 KST 23 September 2026): police announcement, the paper's own call to a police official, the Jeju teachers' union's statements. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"seoul-shinmun"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.news1.kr/local/jeju/6300227","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean on 2026-09-23 through the r.jina.ai reader proxy (live page 403); News1 Jeju, 고동명, 23 September 2026: the police announcement of the referral, the mid-July field-trip filming for which he was booked, several months of offending with multiple victims, and no indication of distribution of the composites. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"news1"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.seoul.co.kr/news/society/accident/2026/09/29/20260929500240","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-30 (Seoul Shinmun [속보], 29 September 2026): the victim teacher's press interview at the Jeju Teachers' Union office, the 22/24 September referral notices, the contents of the original complaint, and the education office's support measures. The teacher's statements are one origin whichever outlet carries them. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"teacher-press-interview-2026-09-29"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.news1.kr/local/jeju/6305066","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"News1 Jeju (오미란), 29 September 2026. Live page returned HTTP 403 on 2026-09-30; read in Korean through News1's Daum mirror (v.daum.net/v/20260929174948788). Carries the press interview and News1's own call to a police official (thorough forensics; one student victim at a different school). Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"teacher-press-interview-2026-09-29"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/25465730","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-30 (JoongAng Ilbo, 29 September 2026; Yonhap photo, text closely matching Segye: Yonhap chain). Gives the 10-20 students figure, the graduate, the police reply (one student at another school booked and investigated) and '교사 5명 등'. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"teacher-press-interview-2026-09-29"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://m.segye.com/ampView/20260929518740","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-30 (Segye Ilbo AMP page, 29 September 2026; Yonhap photo and Yonhap-chain text). Direct quotes from the teacher on the 10-20 students, the parents' letter, the graduate and the school-violence report; states five teachers and the 24 September juvenile-division referral. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"teacher-press-interview-2026-09-29"},{"id":"s7","url":"https://www.jejusori.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=506962","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-30 (Jejusori, 29 September 2026): own report of the press interview, the July cinema field trip, the list of students, the legal-aid complaints, and the education office's expression of regret at its separate briefing. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"teacher-press-interview-2026-09-29"},{"id":"s8","url":"http://www.ihalla.com/article.php?aid=1790673054791032014","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-30 (Halla Ilbo, 29 September 2026, updated 30 September): own report of the interview (fear on the stairs; conduct since 2025; nothing yet submitted; 24 September referral) and of the education office's briefing (hotline; 660/330만원 rules; apology). Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"teacher-press-interview-2026-09-29"},{"id":"s9","url":"https://www.jejusori.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=506933","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-30 (Jejusori, 29 September 2026): the education office's briefing on legal-aid rules and the union's demands (per-teacher fees in advance, dedicated team), including the section head's apology. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"jeju-education-office-briefing-2026-09-29"},{"id":"s10","url":"https://www.newsjeju.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=425867","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-30 (Newsjeju, 14 September 2026): the Jeju Teachers' Union statement that the teachers attended the police victim examination without an office lawyer, the 3 September fee objection, the unanswered superintendent meeting requests, and the provincial council education committee's questioning of the office. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"jeju-teachers-union-statement-2026-09-14"},{"id":"s11","url":"https://www.seoul.co.kr/news/society/accident/2026/09/28/20260928500112","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-30 (Seoul Shinmun, 28 September 2026): the KTU Jeju branch statement demanding a victim-support system and a response manual. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"ktu-jeju-statement-2026-09-28"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","work","justice"],"unknowns":["The number of victim teachers: Yonhap-chain reports say five ('교사 5명 등'); police withheld the number on 23 September and the figure's origin is not stated.","Whether the 10-20 current students and the graduate the victim teacher says she recognised on the phone are victims: police say no student at the school was a victim and one student at a different school was confirmed; the teachers dispute the identification procedure.","The filming for which the student was booked took place around mid-July 2026 during a school field trip (News1; Jejusori: a cinema visit); the teachers say physical contact and stalking date from 2025 (Halla Ilbo), so the start of the series is unknown; the record keeps July 2026 with month precision for the filming.","Whether the 2025 physical-contact and 2026 stalking allegations in the original complaint are part of the case referred to the juvenile division.","The court handling the juvenile protection case is not named; the referral dates (22 and 24 September) come from the teachers' account of the notifications they received, and no court or prosecution record was read.","The tool used; outlets describe the material variously as composites, deepfake images and deepfake video; whether the composites are separately charged.","The student's age and grade.","How the juvenile division disposes of the case and whether the teachers' additional evidence and victim opinion are considered.","Korean bodies were read by the model without human bilingual review."],"geography":{"basis":"A middle school on Jeju, South Korea; investigated by Jeju Dongbu Police Station; the teachers work there (Seoul Shinmun, News1). Per the victim teachers' notifications the case was sent to the prosecution on 22 September and to a court's juvenile division on 24 September 2026 (Seoul Shinmun, News1, Segye, Halla Ilbo); the court is not named but is the Korean court handling this Jeju juvenile case, so court_countries is KR.","court_countries":["KR"],"event_countries":["KR"],"affected_person_countries":["KR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Full review replacing the 23 September publication after the victim teacher's 29 September press interview and the education office's briefing. Harmful-artifact case in a school with an ongoing adverse experience for the victim teachers, documented by a police announcement, the teachers' public statements, police replies and the education office's statements as reported by Korean outlets. The teachers' statements are one origin whichever outlet carries them, the police replies one origin and the office briefing one origin, so no claim is corroborated; c3 is recorded as disputed with both positions. No teacher, student or school is named; the student is a minor; officials are described by role.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-01"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Police say forensic examination of the student's phone found sexual composites made from footage of teachers; outlets describe them as deepfake composites, deepfake images (Segye, JoongAng) or deepfake video (Jejusori, KTU statement via Seoul Shinmun); the tool is not named and no forensic description of the method is reported. The primary charge is illegal filming, and police told News1 they found no indication the composites were distributed.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Jeju: a middle-school student who secretly filmed teachers at his school and turned some of the footage into sexual deepfake composites was referred to prosecutors without detention on 17 September 2026 and, per the victim teachers, to a court's juvenile division as a juvenile protection case on 24 September; police say the victims are teachers (five, per Yonhap-chain reports; police withheld the number) plus one student at a different school and no student at the school itself, while one victim teacher says 10-20 current students and a graduate also appear in the footage; the teachers report two months of treatment while teaching daily, police questioning without a lawyer and a legal-aid dispute with the education office, which apologised on 29 September for support that was not felt","summary":"Jeju Dongbu police announced on 23 September 2026 that a student at a middle school on Jeju had been referred to prosecutors without detention on 17 September for violating the Sexual Violence Punishment Act (filming with a camera or similar device). The student's phone was voluntarily submitted by his guardians and forensically examined; the examination found footage relating to some teachers and some sexual composites, and the student admitted the conduct. News1 reported that the student was booked for filming a teacher's body with his phone during a school field trip around mid-July 2026, that the offending had continued for several months with multiple victims, and that police found no indication the composites had been distributed. Police told Seoul Shinmun there were more victim teachers than the one first reported but withheld the number to avoid secondary harm, and that no student at the school was a victim; the Jeju teachers' union questioned whether the full scope of harm had been established. According to the union, two months on the victim teachers were receiving hospital treatment and counselling while teaching daily, gave police statements on 14 September without a lawyer, attended the regional teachers' rights protection committee on 17 September without institutional support, wrote the criminal complaint themselves, and were offered 3.3 million won in legal fees for all of them together, payable after the case ends; two requests to meet the superintendent were not accepted. On 29 September one of the victim teachers gave a press interview at the Jeju Teachers' Union office. She said that early in the investigation she had seen on the student's phone material showing other teachers and current students, had made a list of the people and types of harm, and that the material shown to her at the police victim examination was considerably less than what she had seen; Yonhap-chain outlets quote her as saying the students she recognised numbered 10 to 20 and that a graduate had suffered worse deepfakes. She said investigators asked the school only to identify the perpetrator and never requested material to identify the students in the footage, and that the school sent parents a letter premised on there being no student victims. Police replied that phone forensics had been thorough, that every act beyond social norms had been identified and proven, and that one student victim had been confirmed, a student at a different school. The teachers were notified on 22 September that the case had gone to the prosecution and on 24 September that it had been sent to the court's juvenile division as a juvenile protection case, before they had submitted further evidence and a victim opinion. The teacher said the original complaint had also asked police to examine whether physical contact in 2025 was forcible molestation and whether repeated approaching and waiting in 2026 was stalking, and Halla Ilbo reports that such conduct is said to date from 2025. Yonhap-chain reports describe the charged victims as five teachers. The same day the education office briefed on legal-aid rules (up to 6.6 million won per instance when a teacher is sued, 3.3 million won per case when a teacher files a complaint; office lawyers cannot act as a teacher's private counsel), said it had linked the teachers to the national Digital Sexual Crime Victim Support Center, announced an integrated support system through a hotline, and its section head said the office was sorry that early support had not been felt. The KTU Jeju branch (28 September) and the Jeju Teachers' Union (14 and 29 September) demand a victim-support system, per-teacher legal fees paid in advance and a dedicated support team.","incidentDate":"2026-07-01","incidentKind":"ongoing_experience","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-23","aiSystem":"AI image-compositing ('deepfake') tool; not named in the police announcement","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress","professional_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Teachers were secretly filmed by a student and some footage was turned into sexual deepfake composites; two months on, per the union and the teachers' own account, the victim teachers are in hospital treatment and counselling while continuing to teach at the same school and handled the police statement, the protection committee and the criminal complaint without legal or institutional support. One teacher says she was afraid to go to school each morning because the student waited on the stairs to film her, and that physical contact and stalking date from 2025 (teacher's account). The filming and composites are admitted per police; the teachers' situation is the union's and the teachers' account.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":6,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"Yonhap-chain reports (Segye, JoongAng, 29 September) describe the charged victims as five teachers ('교사 5명 등'); police told News1 and JoongAng that one student at a different school was confirmed as a victim. Five plus one gives a documented minimum of 6. The 10-20 current students and the graduate the victim teacher says she recognised are her account, disputed by police, and are not counted. Followers, parents and the school community are not counted. Documented minimum 6.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"KR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.seoul.co.kr/news/society/accident/2026/09/23/20260923500094","primarySourceLabel":"Seoul Shinmun, 23 September 2026: student who filmed teachers and made deepfakes referred to prosecutors; police say no student victims at the school","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-23T03:45:58.820151+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-01T03:11:37.558928+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","south-korea","jeju","teachers","school","illegal-filming","prosecutor-referral","depicted-or-impersonated","juvenile-protection-case","teachers-union","education-office","legal-aid"]},{"id":"2026-seoul-lab-colleagues-deepfake-sentence","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraphs 1-2: 서울북부지법 형사5단독 권소영 판사, 10일, 징역 1년6개월; 40시간 성폭력 치료 프로그램 이수; 취업제한 5년; 중국 국적 A(30)씨.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Paragraphs 1-3: 징역 1년 6개월; 40시간 치료프로그램; 5년간 취업제한; 중국 국적 대학원생 (30).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"Opening paragraphs report the same 18-month sentence and associated orders but date sentencing to 9 September. That date contradicts the 10 September date reported by Newsis and News1; this source does not corroborate the exact date.","relation":"contradicts","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"On 10 September 2026 the Seoul Northern District Court sentenced a 30-year-old Chinese national doctoral student to 18 months in prison under the Sexual Violence Punishment Act for habitually producing manipulated sexual images of seven women from his university research laboratory, and ordered a 40-hour treatment programme and a five-year employment restriction at institutions for children, adolescents and people with disabilities.","causal_attribution":"Court judgment as reported by Newsis, News1 via Dong-A and The Korea Herald via The Straits Times; the written judgment was not inspected. The Korean accounts give 10 September while the Korea Herald copy gives 9 September. The record follows the two Korean accounts and retains the unresolved date discrepancy."},{"id":"c2","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraphs 5-8: 지난해 11월부터 약 6개월간; 1141개; 개인 노트북에 보관; 유포됐다고 확실히 볼 만한 정황은 없다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Paragraphs 5-6 and 8: 1141건; 유포됐다고 볼 만한 사정은 없는 점.","relation":"context","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"Paragraph 4: 1,141 files; paragraph 9: no evidence the content had been distributed.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Investigators found 1,141 manipulated images and videos on his computer, produced over about six months from November 2025 using the victims' facial photographs; the court found no evidence the material had been distributed.","causal_attribution":"Findings of the court as reported."},{"id":"c3","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraph 8: 생성형 인공지능(AI) '그록'의 안전장치를 우회하는 방법을 검색한 기록도 확인됐다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"Paragraph 5: 'Investigators also found that he had searched for ways to bypass safeguards built into Grok, a generative AI chatbot.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Investigators also found records of searches for ways to bypass the safeguards of the generative AI Grok.","causal_attribution":"Reported from the investigation; the reporting does not state which tool generated the images."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraph 12: 'a lawyer representing five of the victims asked the court to impose a harsh sentence, saying they continued to suffer from fear, trauma and emotional distress'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"A lawyer representing five of the victims told the court they continued to suffer fear, trauma and emotional distress.","causal_attribution":"Victims' representative's statement as reported by The Korea Herald."},{"id":"c5","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraphs 4 and 9-10: 각 700만원 형사 공탁, 수령 거부; 검찰 징역 3년 구형, 신상정보 공개·고지 요청.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Paragraphs 6-7 and 9: 700만원씩 공탁, 수령 거부; 신상정보 공개·고지 명령 면제; 검찰 징역 3년 구형.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"Paragraphs 7 and 10-11.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The defendant deposited 7 million won per victim with the court; the victims refused to accept it. Prosecutors had sought three years and public disclosure of his identity, which the court declined.","causal_attribution":"Procedural facts as reported."}],"effects":[{"label":"nonconsensual_sexualized_imagery","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"psychological_distress","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.newsis.com/view/NISX20260910_0003784048","kind":"news_report_court","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Model read the Korean original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review.","independence_group":"newsis"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.donga.com/news/Society/article/all/20260910/134641563/1","kind":"news_agency_report_syndicated_court","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Model read the Korean original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review. This Dong-A page is a News1 wire report, explicitly credited at the article’s beginning and end.","independence_group":"news1"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/chinese-student-sentenced-to-18-months-jail-in-s-korea-for-creating-1100-deepfakes-of-colleagues","kind":"news_report_syndicated","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"The Korea Herald report carried by The Straits Times (Asia News Network); read in English on 2026-09-15.","independence_group":"korea-herald"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["Which tool or service generated the images is not stated; the Grok safeguard-bypass searches are the only named system.","Whether either side appealed the first-instance sentence is not known.","The victims' ages are not reported; the university is not named here.","The written judgment was not inspected.","Exact event start day and end date are not reported; the sources describe about six months from November 2025.","Sentencing date differs across inspected reports: Newsis and News1 say 10 September 2026; the Korea Herald copy says 9 September. The written judgment was not inspected to resolve this."],"geography":{"basis":"Event and affected persons: the women and defendant worked or studied in the same university research laboratory in Seoul (Newsis; News1 via Dong-A). Court: Seoul Northern District Court. Newsis and News1 date the sentence to 10 September 2026; the Korea Herald copy gives 9 September.","court_countries":["KR"],"event_countries":["KR"],"affected_person_countries":["KR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published after source, duplicate and sensitivity review under the 2026-09-15 charter: a first-instance criminal judgment reported by two Korean outlets and The Korea Herald. Neither the defendant nor the victims are named; no image content is described beyond the court's characterisation.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-15"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The court convicted the defendant of habitually editing and compositing the victims' faces into sexual images; Dong-A Ilbo and The Korea Herald report that investigators found search records for ways to bypass the safeguards of the generative AI Grok. The tool that produced the images is not named in the inspected reporting.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Seoul: doctoral student sentenced to 18 months for 1,141 AI-manipulated sexual images of seven laboratory colleagues","summary":"On 10 September 2026 the Seoul Northern District Court sentenced a 30-year-old Chinese national doctoral student to 18 months in prison for habitually producing manipulated sexual images of seven women who worked in his university research laboratory. Investigators found 1,141 files made over about six months from November 2025, and search records for ways to bypass the safeguards of the generative AI Grok; the court found no evidence of distribution. A lawyer for five of the victims said they continued to suffer fear, trauma and distress. Prosecutors had sought three years and public disclosure of his identity, which the court declined.","incidentDate":"2025-11-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-10","aiSystem":"Generative AI image tools (unspecified; investigators found searches for bypassing Grok's safeguards)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Seven women had their faces composited into sexual images and videos without consent; a lawyer for five of them told the court they continued to suffer fear, trauma and emotional distress.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":7,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"The court identified seven victims, members of the same research laboratory (Newsis; Dong-A; Korea Herald). The defendant is not counted.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.newsis.com/view/NISX20260910_0003784048","primarySourceLabel":"뉴시스 (Newsis), 10 September 2026: \"'동료 여성 딥페이크 1141개 제작' 중국인 유학생, 징역 1년6개월\"","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-15T03:23:43.390259+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:52.80899+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","south-korea","non-consensual-imagery","university","criminal-charges","grok"]},{"id":"2026-seoul-chatgpt-murders","metadataReview":{"version":1,"geography":{"basis":"Geographic fields reviewed against the cited retained dossier passages. This is a metadata review, not a new source or causal review. Residence, event setting and court are recorded separately. Affected-person countries refer to reported location or residence, not citizenship or a complete residence history.","evidence":[{"kind":"existing_record","locator":"at Seoul motels","location":"summary","supports":["event_countries","affected_person_countries"],"countries":["KR"]},{"kind":"existing_record","locator":"Seoul Northern District Court","location":"summary","supports":["court_countries"],"countries":["KR"]}],"court_countries":["KR"],"event_countries":["KR"],"affected_person_countries":["KR"]},"unresolved":["Source languages remain unreviewed; no source body was newly inspected for this record during this metadata pass."],"reviewed_on":"2026-09-15","source_reviews":[]},"name":"Seoul ChatGPT-Assisted Double Homicide (Kim)","summary":"A 21-year-old woman, publicly identified as Kim So-young, used ChatGPT to research lethal drug-alcohol combinations, then murdered two men by spiking their drinks with her prescribed benzodiazepines at Seoul motels in January and February 2026. ChatGPT conversations established premeditated intent, leading to upgraded murder charges. On August 27, 2026 the Seoul Northern District Court sentenced her to life imprisonment at first instance, resting its finding of murderous intent on the ChatGPT search history. Both she and the prosecution have appealed.","incidentDate":"2026-01-28","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"range","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-02-27","aiSystem":"ChatGPT","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"critical","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":["method_provision","third_party_harm_facilitation"],"harmOutcomes":["death","harm_to_others","legal_harm","loss_of_liberty"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Kim So-young murdered two men using drug-alcohol combinations researched through ChatGPT and received a life sentence at first instance.","frameworkFacets":["P1d","P5d"],"pathwayDirection":"outward","causationStatus":"established","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":3,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"The criminal case documents one convicted AI participant, two homicide victims, and one additional surviving attempted-murder victim in the bounded series.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"KR","platformType":"assistant","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://fortune.com/2026/03/02/seoul-south-korea-woman-chatgpt-two-murders/","primarySourceLabel":"Fortune","firstPublishedAt":"2026-03-09T05:43:02.612378+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:52.588835+00:00","scopeVersion":"participant-v2","tags":["criminal","adult","murder","chatgpt","openai","method-provision","south-korea","kr"]}]}