{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-17T08:15:17.134Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"portrait-rights","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"core","evidence":"","year":"","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":2,"coverage":{"cases":2,"countries":0,"languages":2,"unknownLocation":2,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":1,"lawsuits":1,"regulatory":0,"minors":0,"coreRelations":2,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2024-beijing-internet-court-ai-synthesised-voice-of-older-parenting-educator-in-book-sales-videos-company-liable","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'2024年，某文化公司为销售家庭育儿类图书，委托带货主播制作短视频开展商业推广。'; '主播发布的多条宣传视频中'; '公开演讲、授课的画面片段'; '同时配置AI合成音频'; '用户点击视频跳转链接，可直接进入该文化公司店铺购买图书。'; '在教育、育儿领域具有一定知名度'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'在“带货主播利用AI技术实施侵权案”中，商家未经许可合成老年人声音用于商业宣传，该声音结合音色、语调、发音节奏及社会知名度，能够识别特定老年人的'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"In 2024 a culture company selling family parenting books commissioned a livestream sales host to make promotional short videos; several videos used clips of the plaintiff's public lectures with AI-synthesised audio closely resembling the plaintiff's voice, linked viewers to the company's shop, and were not authorised by the plaintiff.","causal_attribution":"The facts are the court's account in its 16 October 2026 release, relayed by The Paper (detail) and China News Service (the vice-president's summary). Both depend on the same release, so the claim is reported."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'法院审理认为，判断AI合成声音是否构成对自然人声音权益的侵害，核心在于能否识别特定自然人。'; '本案中文化公司未对素材授权情况进行审查，存在过失，与带货主播构成共同侵权，据此判决该文化公司赔礼道歉，并赔偿经济损失及维权合理支出。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'该声音结合音色、语调、发音节奏及社会知名度，能够识别特定老年人的，构成对其人格权益的侵害；委托方未尽审查注意义务的，承担连带责任。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The Beijing Internet Court held that the AI-synthesised voice, used with the plaintiff's image and public profile, was identifiable as the plaintiff's and infringed the plaintiff's portrait and voice rights; it found the company, which had not checked the material's authorisation, jointly liable with the host and ordered it to apologise and compensate economic losses and reasonable costs.","causal_attribution":"The ruling is attributed to the court as relayed from its release; the judgment text was not read, so the claim is reported rather than documented. The court's finding establishes the infringement for the purposes of the case."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'在北京互联网法院10月16日发布的涉老年人网络侵权典型案例中'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'这是记者16日从北京互联网法院涉老年人网络侵权案件审理情况新闻发布会上获悉的。'; '已出现非法使用AI技术深度合成老年人肖像或声音用于不当目的的情形'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The court released the case on 16 October 2026 at a press conference on online infringement cases involving older people, and said that AI deep synthesis of older people's portraits or voices for improper purposes has appeared in such cases.","causal_attribution":"Both outlets report the same press conference."}],"effects":[{"label":"voice imitated by AI-synthesised audio and image used without consent in sales videos; court found portrait and voice rights infringed and ordered compensation (court account)","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_34262393","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read in Chinese and translated by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-17; no human reviewer inspected the text. The Paper's report of a case from the Beijing Internet Court's 16 October 2026 release of typical cases on online infringement involving older people ('据通报').","independence_group":"beijing-internet-court-older-people-cases-release-2026-10-16"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.chinanews.com.cn/fz/2026/10-16/10715820.shtml","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read in Chinese and translated by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-17; no human reviewer inspected the text. China News Service report of the same Beijing Internet Court press conference, quoting the court's vice-president.","independence_group":"beijing-internet-court-older-people-cases-release-2026-10-16"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["The judgment date, the amounts awarded and whether the host was a party to the suit.","The tool used to synthesise the voice, the platform, and the number of videos and viewers.","The text of the judgment; both reports rest on the court's release.","How the court established that the audio was AI-synthesised; the reports do not give the technical basis."],"geography":{"basis":"The Beijing Internet Court decided the case. The reports anonymise the parties and do not say where the company or host was based, where the videos were published or where the plaintiff lives, so no event or affected-person country is recorded.","court_countries":["CN"],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated): according to the Beijing Internet Court's account, a sales host's promotional videos used AI-synthesised audio identifiable as an older educator's voice without consent, and the court found the commissioning company jointly liable and ordered an apology and compensation. One reporting chain (the court's release, read in two outlets); the parties are anonymised by the court.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-17"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The court's account, relayed by The Paper, says the host's videos set clips of the plaintiff's lectures to AI-synthesised audio whose timbre, intonation and rhythm closely resembled the plaintiff's voice, and the court decided the case as an AI-synthesised voice infringement; China News Service quotes the court's vice-president describing the merchant's unauthorised synthesis of the older person's voice. The AI output is the synthesised voice imitating the plaintiff (depicted_or_impersonated), which the court found identifiable and infringing. The tool is not named.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Beijing Internet Court says a sales host's videos for a book company used an older parenting educator's AI-synthesised voice without consent; company liable","summary":"According to the Beijing Internet Court's account, released on 16 October 2026 among typical cases on online infringement involving older people, a culture company selling family parenting books commissioned a livestream sales host in 2024 to make promotional short videos. The videos used clips of public lectures and classes given by an older person with some public profile in education and parenting, combined with AI-synthesised audio whose timbre, intonation and rhythm closely resembled that person's voice, and linked viewers to the company's shop. Neither the images nor the audio had been authorised. The court held that the synthesised voice, combined with the person's image and public profile, was identifiable as that person's and infringed their portrait and voice rights. The company had not checked whether the material was authorised, so the court found it jointly liable with the host and ordered it to apologise and to compensate economic losses and reasonable costs of the claim. The amounts, the judgment date and the tool are not reported.","incidentDate":"2024-01-01","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"year","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-16","aiSystem":"AI-synthesised audio, made with a tool the court account does not name, whose timbre, intonation and speech rhythm closely resembled the plaintiff's voice, set over clips of the plaintiff's public lectures in a livestream sales host's promotional short videos (court account)","aiProduct":"Unidentified voice-cloning tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["financial_loss"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to the Beijing Internet Court's account, AI-synthesised audio identifiable as an older educator's voice was used without consent, with clips of the educator's lectures, to sell books; the court found the person's portrait and voice rights infringed and ordered the commissioning company to apologise and compensate economic losses and costs.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person: the plaintiff whose voice and image the court found were used without authorisation (court account relayed by The Paper). Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"elderly","jurisdiction":"CN","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"lawsuit_filed","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_34262393","primarySourceLabel":"The Paper, 16 October 2026: court case on AI-cloned voice of an older person used in livestream book sales","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-17T03:03:46.98321+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T03:03:46.98321+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["voice-cloning","voice-rights","portrait-rights","livestream-selling","court-ruling","older-people","beijing","china","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2026-yoona-ai-pregnancy-composite-images-sm-criminal-complaint","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'앞서 온라인 커뮤니티와 SNS 등에는 윤아의 얼굴을 무단으로 합성한 사진이 급속도로 퍼졌다.'; '해당 게시물에는 윤아가 배가 부른 모습으로 등장하며, 얼굴은 모자이크 처리된 한 남성이 윤아의 배 위에 손을 얹는 모습이 연출돼 논란이 일었다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'최근 윤아의 초상을 무단으로 합성한 불법 AI 생성 이미지와 이를 바탕으로 한 허위사실이 무분별하게 제작·유포되고 있는 상황을 추가적으로 확인했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'특히 해당 이미지 게시자가 윤아의 실제 SNS 계정을 태그해 사진을 게재하기도 했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"AI-generated images synthesising the face of YoonA (Im Yoon-ah) of Girls' Generation, showing her apparently pregnant with a man touching her belly, spread on social media and online communities together with false claims based on them.","causal_attribution":"The images are described by her agency as illegal AI-generated composites; their creators are not identified."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'이를 바탕으로 이미 형사고소를 진행하였고, 어떠한 선처나 합의 없이 강경하게 대응할 예정입니다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'이를 바탕으로 이미 형사고소를 진행했고, 어떠한 선처나 합의 없이 강경하게 대응할 예정'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Her agency SM Entertainment said on 28 September 2026 that it had already filed a criminal complaint on the basis of evidence gathered from fan reports and monitoring, and would respond without leniency or settlement.","causal_attribution":"Agency statement; no police action or suspect is reported."}],"effects":[{"label":"fabricated AI images depicting her as pregnant spread online with false claims about her","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.starnewskorea.com/star/2026/09/28/2026092819154494314","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-29 (Star News, 28 September 2026); reproduces the full SM Entertainment statement. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"sm-entertainment-statement"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.segye.com/newsView/20260928517569","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-29 (Segye Ilbo, 28 September 2026); relays the same statement. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"sm-entertainment-statement"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.spotvnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=1010237","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-29 (29 September 2026); relays the statement and adds career background. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"sm-entertainment-statement"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["privacy","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["When the images first appeared and on which platforms.","Who made them and with what tool.","The police agency handling the complaint and any investigation outcome."],"geography":{"basis":"YoonA is a Korean singer and actor with a Korean drama and film career (SPOTV News) represented by SM Entertainment, whose statement cites Korean statutes (Star News). Where the images were made or first posted is not stated, and the authority receiving the complaint is not named, so no event or court country is recorded.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":["KR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case (AI-generated images depicting a real, named public figure in a fabricated pregnancy, circulated with false claims). The account rests on her agency's statement, relayed by several Korean outlets; YoonA is a public figure and the subject of the statement. The images are not reproduced or described beyond the agency's description.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-29"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"SM Entertainment's statement describes the images as illegal AI-generated images synthesising her likeness (Star News; Segye Ilbo). No tool is named and no forensic analysis is reported.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"South Korea: AI-generated images depicting Girls' Generation's YoonA as pregnant spread online with false claims; her agency SM Entertainment says it has already filed a criminal complaint","summary":"SM Entertainment said on 28 September 2026 that illegal AI-generated images synthesising the likeness of YoonA (Im Yoon-ah), singer and actor of Girls' Generation, and false claims built on them had been made and spread on social media and online communities. Korean outlets describe images showing her apparently pregnant with a man placing a hand on her belly (his face blurred, per Star News). The agency said it had collected evidence from fan reports to its KWANGYA 119 channel and monitoring, had already filed a criminal complaint, and would respond without leniency or settlement, warning that making, posting or re-sharing the images could breach Korean defamation, portrait-rights and sexual-crime (false video) provisions.","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-28","aiSystem":"Unnamed generative-AI image tool used to synthesise her likeness (per SM Entertainment's statement)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Fabricated AI images of YoonA as pregnant, with false claims about her, circulated online; her agency filed a criminal complaint (SM Entertainment via Star News and Segye Ilbo).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One depicted person, YoonA (SM Entertainment via Star News). The unidentified man in the image is not counted. Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"KR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.starnewskorea.com/star/2026/09/28/2026092819154494314","primarySourceLabel":"Star News, 28 September 2026: 소녀시대 윤아, 악의적 임신 AI 합성 피해..SM \"이미 형사고소\"[전문]","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-29T03:22:06.71184+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:59.374935+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","ai-generated-images","k-pop","girls-generation","sm-entertainment","south-korea","criminal-complaint","depicted-or-impersonated"]}]}