{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-18T06:59:40.347Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"phantom-quotations","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"","evidence":"","year":"2026","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":1,"coverage":{"cases":1,"countries":1,"languages":1,"unknownLocation":0,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":0,"coreRelations":1,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2026-san-francisco-federal-judge-orders-sworn-explanation-after-lawyer-files-claude-drafted-motion-with-phantom-quotations","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"Claude Console, to create an initial draft of the motion. That was a mistake. ... I did not double check the ... quotations and obviously did not read the cited cases carefully ... This was the first time I have ever used an AI platform to create a draft of a brief","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"told Illston in a declaration that he sent the AI-drafted document to an associate for fact-checking.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"In a sworn declaration filed on 15 May 2026, the partner who filed the 6 May motion stated that he used Claude Console to create an initial draft of it, that he did not double-check the quotations, and that this was the first time he had used an AI platform to draft a brief.","causal_attribution":"The partner's own sworn declaration."},{"id":"c2","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"pursuant to the Court’s May 13, 2026 Order, ECF No. 395 ... This declaration is in response to the Court’s instruction that I explain, under oath, ... how three phantom quotations ended up in the Emergency Motion to Quash","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The declarations were filed under the court's 13 May 2026 order, and the partner's declaration responds to the court's instruction that he explain under oath how three phantom quotations ended up in the motion.","causal_attribution":"The firm's notice and the partner's declaration."},{"id":"c3","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"have also personally apologized to the Plaintiffs’ attorneys. ... A redlined version of the filing, ... Those same policies prohibit the use of tools like Claude for legal research ... internal investigation to understand fully how the error occurred ... The internal consequences for this failure are under ... the review and consideration of our principal","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The partner apologised to the court and counsel and filed a redlined corrected version, and the firm's founding partner declared that firm policy prohibits tools like Claude for legal drafting and that the firm opened an internal investigation; the partner declared that the internal consequences of the failure were under review by the firm's principal.","causal_attribution":"Declarations of the partner and the founding partner."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Three lawyers representing an ex-Homeland Security official apologized to a California federal judge ... sprawling lawsuit over the Trump administration’s mass layoffs","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The motion was filed in the lawsuit over the Trump administration's mass layoffs, on behalf of a former Homeland Security official, and three of the firm's lawyers apologised to the judge.","causal_attribution":"Bloomberg Government."}],"effects":[{"label":"a lawyer whose AI-drafted motion contained three phantom quotations was required by the court to explain them under oath and filed sworn apologies and a corrected motion","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/legaldocs/myvmylgokvr/Binnall%20AI%20apology.pdf","kind":"court_filing","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-18 as text extracted from the PDF (HTTP 200); no translation was involved and no human reviewer read it. ECF No. 399 with exhibits, filed 15 May 2026 in Case No. 3:25-cv-03698-SI: the firm's notice, the declarations of three firm lawyers and the redlined motion. The court's 13 May order was not inspected.","independence_group":"binnall-declarations-ecf-399"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://news.bgov.com/litigation/lawyers-apologize-for-fake-ai-quotes-in-trump-mass-layoffs-case","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-18 (HTTP 200); no translation was involved. Bloomberg Government, 16 May 2026. It reports the same declarations and is not independent of the filing.","independence_group":"binnall-declarations-ecf-399"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["work","justice"],"unknowns":["Whether the court imposed sanctions or other measures after the declarations.","The text of the court's 13 May 2026 order.","Which phantom quotations came from the AI draft and which, if any, from later edits."],"geography":{"basis":"The motion was filed in, and the declarations answer an order of, the US District Court for the Northern District of California (case 3:25-cv-03698-SI), after first being filed in the Eastern District of Virginia. The partner's country of residence is not stated.","court_countries":["US"],"event_countries":["US"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (communicated_with, own use): the filing lawyer's sworn declaration says he used Claude Console to draft a motion that contained three phantom quotations, and the court ordered him to explain them under oath; he and his firm filed apologies and a corrected motion. No sanction is reported in the sources read.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-18"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The partner declared under penalty of perjury that he used Claude Console to create the initial draft of the motion and did not double-check its quotations; the motion as filed contained three phantom quotations, which the court required him to explain under oath. His own account connects the AI-generated draft to the quotations the court questioned. Whether the specific quotations came from the AI draft rather than later editing is not separately stated.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"San Francisco federal judge orders sworn explanation after a lawyer files a motion he says Claude Console drafted with three phantom quotations","summary":"In the federal lawsuit over the Trump administration's mass layoffs (AFGE v. Trump, Northern District of California), a partner at Binnall Law Group filed an emergency motion on the night of 6 May 2026 to quash a deposition subpoena directed at a former Homeland Security official the firm represents. In a declaration filed on 15 May under the court's 13 May order, the partner said he had used Claude Console, an enterprise AI platform, to create an initial draft, that an associate told him she had checked the citations, and that he did not double-check the quotations. He was explaining under oath, at the court's instruction, how three phantom quotations ended up in the motion. He apologised to the court and opposing counsel and attached a corrected version. The firm's founding partner declared that firm policy prohibits using tools like Claude for legal drafting, that the error breached its policies and training, and that the firm had opened an internal investigation. Whether Judge Susan Illston imposed sanctions is not reported in the sources read.","incidentDate":"2026-05-06","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"single_interaction","reportedDate":"2026-05-15","aiSystem":"Claude Console, described by the filing partner as an enterprise-level, data-isolated AI platform, used to create the initial draft of the motion","aiProduct":"Claude Console (reported)","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["legal_harm","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"A lawyer whose AI-drafted motion contained three phantom quotations was required by the court to explain under oath how they got there, and he and his firm filed sworn apologies and a corrected motion; the firm says the filing breached its own AI policy.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"One person is counted: the partner who used Claude Console, filed the motion and was instructed to explain it under oath. Two other firm lawyers also filed declarations, but no consequence for them is described, so the count is a lower bound. The client and opposing counsel are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"internal_action","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/legaldocs/myvmylgokvr/Binnall%20AI%20apology.pdf","primarySourceLabel":"Notice of declarations from counsel, AFGE v. Trump, N.D. Cal., ECF No. 399, filed 15 May 2026","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-18T03:08:26.269041+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-18T03:08:26.269041+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-drafted-filing","phantom-quotations","court-filing","lawyer","claude","federal-court","california"]}]}