{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-04T08:00:24.407Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"milwaukee","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"","evidence":"","year":"","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":2,"coverage":{"cases":2,"countries":1,"languages":1,"unknownLocation":0,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":0,"coreRelations":0,"contextualRelations":2,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2024-milwaukee-police-internal-affairs-detective-flock-alpr-tracking-gps-device-charged","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'charged Wednesday with misconduct in public office — a felony — and misuse of a GPS device.'; 'a detective assigned to the internal affairs division'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"On 8 July 2026 a Milwaukee Police Department detective assigned to the internal affairs division was charged with misconduct in public office, a felony, and misuse of a GPS device.","causal_attribution":"Charges as reported by WPR; the conduct remains alleged."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'had used the camera system 17 times from January 10, 2024 through January 3, 2025 to search a license plate for the vehicle of one person.'; 'had also admitted to installing a GPS device on that person’s vehicle.'; 'searched a license plate for another person three times on January 7, 2025, listing “training” as the reason for the search.'; 'admitted to using the Flock camera system 20 times to “track the whereabouts” of two people.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"According to the complaint as reported by WPR, the detective searched one person's license plate in the Flock system 17 times from 10 January 2024 to 3 January 2025 and another person's plate three times on 7 January 2025, listing training as the reason for those three searches, and admitted using the Flock system to track the whereabouts of the two people and installing a GPS device on the first person's vehicle.","causal_attribution":"Prosecution's allegations, including admissions it attributes to the detective, as relayed by WPR."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'conducted the investigation into Officer'; 'misuse of the Flock system.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The detective had conducted the investigation into an earlier Milwaukee officer's misuse of the Flock system.","causal_attribution":"Complaint as relayed by WPR."}],"effects":[{"label":"vehicle's whereabouts tracked through 17 license-plate-reader searches; the detective admitted installing a GPS device on it","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.wpr.org/news/member-milwaukee-police-department-misuse-of-license-plate-reader-system","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-10-04 (Wisconsin Public Radio, 9 July 2026). Reports the criminal complaint and adds statements from the police chief, a Milwaukee Fire and Police commissioner, the ACLU of Wisconsin and Flock.","independence_group":"wpr-milwaukee-complaint-report"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["institutional_use"],"contexts":["privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["How the GPS device's location data was used.","Whether the second person knew of or was affected by the three searches.","The outcome of the prosecution.","How the two people are connected to the detective; the reporting does not say.","When the GPS device was installed and how long it remained on the vehicle."],"geography":{"basis":"The searches were made by a detective of the Milwaukee Police Department's internal affairs division in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (WPR). WPR reports the charges and an initial court appearance set for 17 July but does not name the court. Where the two people live is not reported.","court_countries":["US"],"event_countries":["US"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as an institutional privacy and safety case, consistent with the held Flock officer-misuse rows: WPR, reporting the criminal complaint, states that a police detective searched one person's plate in the Flock license-plate-reader system 17 times and admitted tracking two people and installing a GPS device on one person's vehicle. The charges are allegations. Neither the detective nor the people tracked are named here.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-04"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"WPR, reporting the criminal complaint, says the detective admitted using the Flock camera system to track the whereabouts of two people and lists his plate searches by date. The plate-read location records were the automated system's output about the people's vehicles; the searches and the GPS device were the detective's acts. WPR does not describe the readers as AI.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["made_claim_about"]},"name":"Milwaukee: a police internal-affairs detective was charged in July 2026 with misconduct in public office after, according to the criminal complaint, he searched one person's license plate in the department's Flock license-plate-reader system 17 times between January 2024 and January 2025 and admitted putting a GPS device on that person's vehicle","summary":"Wisconsin Public Radio reported on 9 July 2026 that a Milwaukee Police Department detective assigned to the internal affairs division had been charged that week with misconduct in public office, a felony, and misuse of a GPS device. According to the criminal complaint as reported by WPR, he searched one person's license plate in the department's Flock license-plate-reader system 17 times between 10 January 2024 and 3 January 2025, searched another person's plate three times on 7 January 2025 listing 'training' as the reason, and admitted using the Flock system to track the whereabouts of the two people and installing a GPS device on the first person's vehicle. The detective had conducted the department's investigation into an earlier Milwaukee officer's Flock misuse, and had been suspended since 13 March 2026. The charges are allegations; he had not yet appeared in court on them when WPR reported.","incidentDate":"2024-01-10","incidentEndDate":"2025-01-07","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-07-09","aiSystem":"Flock Safety automated license-plate-reader camera system used by the Milwaukee Police Department, whose plate-read records the detective searched for location information on two people (WPR, reporting the criminal complaint)","aiProduct":"Flock Safety license plate readers","aiCompany":"Flock Safety","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"One person's license plate was searched 17 times in the Flock system, which the detective admitted using to track the whereabouts of two people, and, according to the complaint, he admitted installing a GPS device on that person's vehicle; a second person's plate was searched three times (WPR, reporting the criminal complaint). The charges are allegations; he had not yet appeared in court on them when WPR reported.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"At least one person: the person whose plate was searched 17 times and on whose vehicle the detective admitted installing a GPS device (WPR, reporting the complaint). A second person's plate was searched three times; WPR does not describe harm to that person, so the minimum is 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US-WI","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.wpr.org/news/member-milwaukee-police-department-misuse-of-license-plate-reader-system","primarySourceLabel":"Wisconsin Public Radio, 9 July 2026: Second member of the Milwaukee Police Department charged with misuse of license plate reader system","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-04T03:38:12.586234+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-04T03:38:12.586234+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["flock","alpr","license-plate-reader","police-misuse","stalking","gps-tracker","internal-affairs","wisconsin","milwaukee","criminal-charges","privacy","made-claim-about"]},{"id":"2025-milwaukee-police-officer-flock-alpr-tracking-partner-and-ex-restraining-orders-probation","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'he looked up the license plate of his dating partner more than 120 times between March 26 and May 26 of 2025.'; 'He also looked at a second license plate that belonged to that person’s former partner 55 times in the same time period.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Prosecutors say he searched the license plates of the pair a total of 179 times.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Between 26 March and 26 May 2025 a Milwaukee police officer looked up the plate of the person he was dating more than 120 times and that person's former partner's plate 55 times in the Flock system, listing 'investigation' as the reason; prosecutors put the total at 179 searches.","causal_attribution":"Criminal complaint as relayed by Spectrum News and prosecutors as quoted by WISN; the officer pleaded guilty to attempted misconduct."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'A court commissioner granted the restraining orders, which will take effect for four years.'; 'This was not a lapse in judgment; it was a continual, repetitive, obsessive behavior.'; 'in a constant state of fear and unease.'; 'I feared for my safety.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Both people obtained four-year restraining orders; the woman wrote that his tracking was continual, repetitive, obsessive behavior and that she lives in a constant state of fear and unease, and the other person wrote that he feared for his safety.","causal_attribution":"The victims' own petitions as quoted by WISN; the woman's petition also describes other behavior not detailed in the report."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'He took a plea deal and pleaded guilty to the charge on June 11.'; 'sentenced to 13 months of probation and fined $500.'; 'no contact with both victims in the case'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"He pleaded guilty on 11 June 2026 and was sentenced to 13 months of probation and a $500 fine, with no contact with both victims.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome as reported; FOX6 (read privately) reports one year of probation."}],"effects":[{"label":"locations tracked through repeated license-plate-reader searches by a police officer","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"one says she lives in a constant state of fear and unease; the other says he feared for his safety","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.wisn.com/article/court-grants-restraining-orders-against-ex-cop-who-stalked-ex-with-flock-cameras/71709296","kind":"local_tv_news","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read on 2026-10-04 from the Internet Archive 2026 capture (WISN, published 24 June 2026); the live site returned HTTP 451. Reports the restraining-order hearing and quotes the two petitions.","independence_group":"milwaukee-restraining-order-petitions"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://spectrumnews1.com/wi/milwaukee/news/2026/07/15/former-mpd-officer-misuse-flock-cameras-sentencing","kind":"local_tv_news","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-10-04 (Spectrum News 1 Wisconsin, 15 July 2026). Reports the sentence and the criminal complaint's search counts.","independence_group":"milwaukee-county-complaint-and-sentencing"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["institutional_use"],"contexts":["privacy","justice","relationships"],"unknowns":["Whether the probation term is one year or 13 months; reports differ.","The other behavior the woman described in her petition.","The criminal case number."],"geography":{"basis":"The officer worked for the Milwaukee Police Department and the case and restraining orders were heard in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin (WISN; Spectrum News). The victims' residence is not stated; affected_person_countries US rests on their petitions in a Milwaukee court and their law-enforcement work there.","court_countries":["US"],"event_countries":["US"],"affected_person_countries":["US"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as an institutional privacy and safety case, consistent with the held Flock officer-misuse rows: the officer pleaded guilty after searching two people's plates in the Flock license-plate-reader system 179 times, and both obtained restraining orders, citing fear (WISN; Spectrum News). Neither the officer nor the victims are named here.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-04"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Spectrum News, citing the criminal complaint, reports that the officer looked up the two people's plates in the Flock system over 120 and 55 times; the woman's petition (WISN) says he used the department's Flock system to track her whereabouts, and the officer pleaded guilty. The plate-read location records were the automated system's output about their vehicles; the searches were the officer's acts. The sources do not describe the readers as AI.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["made_claim_about"]},"name":"Milwaukee: a police officer searched the plates of the person he was dating and that person's former partner about 179 times in the department's Flock license-plate-reader system in 2025; both obtained restraining orders, one saying she lives in a constant state of fear, and he was sentenced to probation in July 2026","summary":"Between 26 March and 26 May 2025 a Milwaukee police officer used the department's Flock license-plate-reader system to look up the plates of the person he was dating and of that person's former partner, listing 'investigation' as the reason each time. Prosecutors say he searched the pair's plates 179 times in all. He was charged with misconduct in February 2026, resigned, and pleaded guilty on 11 June 2026 to attempted misconduct in public office. In June a court commissioner granted both people four-year restraining orders against him; the woman wrote in her petition that his tracking was 'continual, repetitive, obsessive behavior' and that she lives in a constant state of fear and unease, and the other person wrote that he feared for his safety. On 15 July 2026 he was sentenced to probation and fined $500, with no contact with either victim.","incidentDate":"2025-03-26","incidentEndDate":"2025-05-26","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-02-25","aiSystem":"Flock Safety automated license-plate-reader camera system used by the Milwaukee Police Department, whose plate-read records the officer searched for the two people's locations (WISN; Spectrum News)","aiProduct":"Flock Safety license plate readers","aiCompany":"Flock Safety","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Two people were tracked through repeated license-plate-reader searches by a police officer; both sought and obtained restraining orders, one writing that she lives in a constant state of fear and unease and the other that he feared for his safety (their petitions as reported by WISN).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":2,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"Two people, the officer's dating partner and her former partner, both tracked and both granted restraining orders citing fear (WISN; Spectrum News). Exact 2.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US-WI","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.wisn.com/article/court-grants-restraining-orders-against-ex-cop-who-stalked-ex-with-flock-cameras/71709296","primarySourceLabel":"WISN 12 News, 24 June 2026: Victims file restraining order on former cop who tracked ex with Flock cameras","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-04T03:31:52.126684+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-04T03:31:52.126684+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["flock","alpr","license-plate-reader","police-misuse","stalking","restraining-order","wisconsin","milwaukee","criminal-conviction","privacy","relationships","made-claim-about"]}]}