{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-01T06:58:47.124Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"health-product-scam","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"","evidence":"","year":"","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":3,"coverage":{"cases":3,"countries":0,"languages":3,"unknownLocation":3,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":2,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":0,"coreRelations":3,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2026-honduras-surgeon-emec-cherenfant-ai-altered-facebook-videos-prostate-remedy","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'El Mirón, la sección de verificación de Criterio.hn, encontró tres videos alterados en imagen y audio, posteados en un perfil de Facebook, en el cual utilizan la imagen del doctor Cherenfant.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'En los videos, la imagen artificial de Cherenfant señala que ayudó a sus amigos, los futbolistas Guevara y caballero, a vencer la prostatitis, sin necesidad de cirugía, con un remedio, el cual se puede consumir en casa, sin visitar hospitales.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"El Mirón found three videos on a Facebook profile, altered in image and audio, that use Cherenfant's image to give advice on prostatitis and related conditions.","causal_attribution":"The outlet's verification; the researcher did not view the videos."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'ZeroGPT detectó las inconsistencias en el video en el cual aparecen Emec Cherenfant y Amado Guevara y detectó se creó con inteligencia artificial.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'ZeroGPT confirmó también que este video es producto de la IA.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"El Mirón reports that ZeroGPT detected the video with Amado Guevara as created with artificial intelligence and confirmed the third video as an AI product.","causal_attribution":"Detector output as reported by the outlet; the method is not described."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'En el chat, nos respondieron que la publicidad es engañosa y que es un urólogo quien debe atender enfermedades relacionadas con la próstata.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Hospital San Jorge, where Cherenfant offers his services, told El Mirón by WhatsApp that the advertising is deceptive.","causal_attribution":"The hospital's reply as reported by the outlet."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'No tengo nada que ver con las articulaciones, nada que ver con la próstata, nada que ver con la visión, con los ojos, no tengo nada que ver con la impotencia sexual'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'señaló que hace dos años presentó una denuncia ante el Ministerio Público, para evitar ser asociado con las consecuencias que puedan pasar personas que caigan en la red de estafas.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'No quiero que alguien algún día se muera por un medicamento de estos y que asocien al doctor Cherenfant a esa muerte. Conozca a su cirujano. Son estafadores. No se dejen engañar, es pura inteligencia artificial'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'hay un grupo de estafadores que no se cansan de utilizar su nombre e imagen para vender productos que ni siquiera conoce.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Cherenfant said he has nothing to do with prostate treatment, that scammers repeatedly use his name and image, and that he filed a complaint with the Ministerio Público two years ago.","causal_attribution":"His own account; the earlier complaint concerns the recurring scams in general and the source does not say when these three videos were first posted."}],"effects":[{"label":"AI-altered videos show him promoting a prostatitis remedy outside his specialty","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://criterio.hn/emec-cherenfant-advierte-estafas-con-videos-de-ia-que-utilizan-su-imagen/","kind":"fact_check","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Read live in Spanish on 2026-10-01 (Criterio.hn, El Mirón verification section, 30 September 2026), including the outlet's interview with Cherenfant. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"criterio-el-miron"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","health"],"unknowns":["When the three videos were posted and how widely they circulated.","Whether anyone bought the remedy or was harmed by it.","Whether a takedown or new complaint followed for these videos.","Which tool generated the videos, and how ZeroGPT was applied to video."],"geography":{"basis":"Criterio.hn describes him as naturalised Honduran ('nacionalizado hondureño'), known in Honduras for his TV programme, and offering his services at Hospital San Jorge. The videos were posted on a Facebook profile whose location is not stated, so no event country is recorded.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":["HN"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: videos that a fact-check desk describes as AI-altered depicted the surgeon promoting a remedy outside his specialty, and he describes the misuse in his own words. He is a public figure and is named as the source does. One source, a fact-check that includes his interview; the videos were not inspected by the researcher.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-01"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Criterio.hn's El Mirón concludes that the three videos are false because they were created with AI by scammers ('fueron creados con IA por estafadores'), describes his 'imagen artificial' and a false voice, and reports that ZeroGPT flagged the first and third videos as AI-made and said the second 'genera poca confianza, por su contenido amañado creado con IA'. ZeroGPT is mainly known as a text detector and the outlet does not explain how it was applied to video, so the detector result is recorded as the outlet's report. Cherenfant calls the content 'pura inteligencia artificial'. The researcher did not inspect the videos and no generation tool is named. The videos depicted him (depicted_or_impersonated).","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Honduras: Criterio.hn's fact-check desk finds three Facebook videos altered with AI in which plastic surgeon Emec Cherenfant appears to promote a home remedy for prostatitis; he says scammers keep using his name and image","summary":"El Mirón, the verification section of Criterio.hn, reported on 30 September 2026 that it found three videos on a Facebook profile, altered in image and audio, that use the image of the plastic and reconstructive surgeon Emec Cherenfant to offer a remedy for prostatitis and related problems. In the videos his artificial image says he helped former footballers beat prostatitis without surgery and invites viewers to write to him on WhatsApp. El Mirón says the manipulation is evident from the vocabulary, voice and body movements and that the detector ZeroGPT flagged the videos as AI-made. The hospital where he offers his services told El Mirón the advertising is deceptive. Cherenfant said he has nothing to do with prostate treatment, that scammers repeatedly use his name and image, and that he filed a complaint with the Ministerio Público two years ago. 'Son estafadores. No se dejen engañar, es pura inteligencia artificial', he said. No buyer losses are reported.","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-30","aiSystem":"Three Facebook videos 'manipulados con IA' showing the surgeon's altered image and a false voice promoting a prostatitis remedy (Criterio.hn El Mirón, which ran them through ZeroGPT); the generation tool and the profile's operators are not identified","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"AI-altered videos showed the surgeon promoting a prostatitis remedy outside his specialty; he says scammers repeatedly misuse his name and image and fears being associated with harm to people who buy such products (his interview with Criterio.hn El Mirón).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, Emec Cherenfant (Criterio.hn). The former footballers shown on the video covers are not counted because no harm to them is reported, and no viewer is reported deceived. Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://criterio.hn/emec-cherenfant-advierte-estafas-con-videos-de-ia-que-utilizan-su-imagen/","primarySourceLabel":"Criterio.hn (El Mirón), 30 September 2026: Emec Cherenfant advierte estafas con videos de IA que utilizan su imagen","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-01T03:18:11.893375+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-01T03:18:11.893375+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","fake-advertisement","health-product-scam","doctor-impersonation","fact-check","honduras","spanish-language"]},{"id":"2023-actor-tony-ramos-interview-redubbed-into-fake-prostate-remedy-ad","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'A equipe do ator alertou que uma entrevista que ele deu ao programa \"Mais Você\", da Ana Maria Braga, foi alterada digitalmente para promover um remédio supostamente milagroso para hiperplasia da próstata.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Segundo a equipe, falas de Tony Ramos foram editadas com o uso de tecnologia avançada para fazer parecer que ele estava endossando o produto. A equipe enfatizou que a voz do ator foi redublada e que o conteúdo original era uma homenagem a colegas de profissão.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The actor's team said that an interview he gave to 'Mais Você' was digitally altered, with his words edited and his voice redubbed, to make him appear to endorse a supposedly miraculous remedy for prostate hyperplasia.","causal_attribution":"The team's account as relayed by Terra; the video was not inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'é a mais nova vítima do uso indevido de imagem em vídeos falsos criados com inteligência artificial (IA)'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Terra described the clips as fake videos created with artificial intelligence.","causal_attribution":"Terra's framing; the team statement it quotes refers to advanced technology without naming AI."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Roubaram minha imagem em uma entrevista com a Ana Maria Braga. Dublaram, mal dublado, aliás, e fizeram eu vender um remédio para próstata'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Uma deepfake sua, em uma entrevista com Ana Maria Braga, circulou nas redes sociais para vender remédios para a próstata.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"On 'Roda Viva' on 28 September 2026, Ramos said his image had been taken from an interview with Ana Maria Braga, badly dubbed and made to sell a prostate medicine; Estado de Minas describes the clip as a deepfake that circulated on social networks.","causal_attribution":"His own account and the outlet's 'deepfake' label. Estado de Minas says this happened 'recentemente'; whether it is the 2023 video or a later recirculation is not stated."}],"effects":[{"label":"image and redubbed voice used without consent in a fake advertisement for a prostate remedy","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.terra.com.br/diversao/tony-ramos-e-a-mais-nova-vitima-de-proliferacao-de-golpes-com-ia,77e3ad25ee4be9c660a202668da183d28j74r5v3.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"pt","translation_note":"Read live in Portuguese on 2026-10-01 (Terra, published 6 December 2023 per the page metadata). Licensed Pipoca Moderna article (byline Pedro Benjamin Prado); relays a statement by the actor's team. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"ramos-team-statement-2023"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.em.com.br/cultura/2026/09/7510638-tony-ramos-detona-uso-de-inteligencia-artificial-para-recriar-atores-um-horror.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"pt","translation_note":"Read live in Portuguese on 2026-10-01 (Estado de Minas, 29 September 2026); reports his remarks on 'Roda Viva' of 28 September 2026. The page credits its image to Tupi, which carries an article with the same title; the broadcast itself was not viewed. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"roda-viva-interview-2026"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","health"],"unknowns":["When the video first circulated, on which platforms, and whether it recirculated after December 2023.","Whether anyone bought the advertised product or lost money.","Whether a complaint, takedown or platform action followed.","Which tool was used and whether the voice was synthesised or dubbed by a person."],"geography":{"basis":"Neither inspected body states where the video circulated beyond 'redes sociais' or where the actor lives; no country is inferred from the Portuguese language, the outlets or the TV programmes.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: an altered video depicted the actor endorsing a prostate remedy he did not endorse. He is a public figure who described it in his own words in 2026, and his team warned the public in 2023. The AI element rests on the outlets' description; the video was not inspected.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-01"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Terra describes the case as misuse of his image in fake videos created with artificial intelligence; the team statement it relays says his words were edited with 'tecnologia avançada' and his voice redubbed, without naming AI. Estado de Minas calls the clip a deepfake; Ramos's quoted words say the interview was dubbed ('Dublaram, mal dublado'). The video was not inspected and no tool is named. The altered video depicted him (depicted_or_impersonated).","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Actor Tony Ramos's interview on Ana Maria Braga's 'Mais Você' is digitally altered and redubbed into a fake advertisement for a prostate remedy, reported as made with AI; Terra reported his team's warning in December 2023 and he recounted it on 'Roda Viva' in September 2026","summary":"Terra reported on 6 December 2023 that the team of the actor Tony Ramos, then appearing in the telenovela 'Terra e Paixão', had warned that an interview he gave to Ana Maria Braga's programme 'Mais Você' was digitally altered to promote a supposedly miraculous remedy for prostate hyperplasia. According to the team, his words were edited with advanced technology to make it seem he endorsed the product, his voice was redubbed, and the original footage was a tribute to fellow professionals. Terra describes the clips as fake videos created with artificial intelligence. On the TV programme 'Roda Viva' on 28 September 2026, Ramos said his image had been stolen from that interview, badly dubbed and made to sell a prostate medicine (Estado de Minas, 29 September 2026), and Estado de Minas describes the clip as a deepfake that circulated on social networks. No buyer losses, complaint or takedown are reported.","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2023-12-06","aiSystem":"Manipulated video of a 'Mais Você' interview in which the actor's words were edited and his voice redubbed to endorse a prostate remedy; Terra describes it as a fake video created with AI and Estado de Minas as a deepfake; the tool and the operators are not identified","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"The actor's image and a redubbed voice were used without consent to make him appear to endorse a prostate remedy in a fake advertisement; his team had to warn the public, and he describes it as his image being stolen (his team's statement via Terra; his remarks on 'Roda Viva' via Estado de Minas).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, Tony Ramos (Terra; Estado de Minas). Viewers of the video and any buyers are not counted because no source reports anyone deceived. Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.terra.com.br/diversao/tony-ramos-e-a-mais-nova-vitima-de-proliferacao-de-golpes-com-ia,77e3ad25ee4be9c660a202668da183d28j74r5v3.html","primarySourceLabel":"Terra, 6 December 2023: Tony Ramos é a mais nova vítima de proliferação de golpes com IA","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-01T03:12:24.125788+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-01T03:12:24.125788+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","celebrity-deepfake","fake-advertisement","health-product-scam","voice-redubbing","actor","portuguese-language"]},{"id":"2026-presenter-bettina-tietjen-deepfake-videos-advertise-alzheimer-remedy","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'In den Clips scheint die Moderatorin für ein Mittel gegen Alzheimer zu werben. \"Das sind Fake-Videos, dahinter stecken Betrüger\", stellte Tietjen am Dienstag in einem Facebook-Beitrag klar'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'\"Offenbar sind Videos von mir in Umlauf, in denen ich für Mittel gegen Alzheimer werbe\", schreibt die \"NDR Talk Show\"-Gastgeberin in einem Beitrag auf Facebook.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Ihre Bitte an alle, denen die Aufnahmen begegnen: \"Bitte auf keinen Fall darauf hereinfallen!\"'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"In a Facebook post on Tuesday 29 September 2026, Tietjen said that fake videos in which she appears to advertise a remedy for Alzheimer's were circulating, that scammers were behind them, and asked people not to fall for them.","causal_attribution":"Her own account as relayed by the outlets; the videos were not inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Tietjen wurde Opfer von gefälschten KI-Videos, sogenannten „Deepfakes“.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'Bei den Videos handelt es sich offenbar um sogenannte Deepfakes, also täuschend echte Inhalte, die mithilfe Künstlicher Intelligenz erstellt oder stark verändert wurden.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Bei den Videos handelt es sich wohl um sogenannte Deepfakes.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The outlets describe the videos as made with AI: MOPO says she became a victim of fake AI videos, while spot on news and TAG24 say they are apparently deepfakes.","causal_attribution":"The outlets' characterisation; her quoted words do not mention AI."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Mit dem beworbenen Präparat habe Tietjen nichts zu tun.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"According to spot on news, she has nothing to do with the advertised product.","causal_attribution":"Reported in indirect speech by the agency."}],"effects":[{"label":"fake videos show her advertising an Alzheimer's remedy she has nothing to do with","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de/promis/bettina-tietjen-warnt-vor-gefaelschten-werbevideos-mit-ihrem-gesicht-art-1162331","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Read live in German on 2026-10-01 (Abendzeitung München, 30 September 2026; automated spot on news agency copy, also carried by viply and trendmagazin). Relays her Facebook post. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"tietjen-facebook-post"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.tag24.de/unterhaltung/promis/tv-moderatorin-warnt-vor-fake-videos-kriminelle-missbrauchen-ihr-gesicht-3536545","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Read live in German on 2026-10-01 (TAG24, 30 September 2026); quotes the same Facebook post. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"tietjen-facebook-post"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.mopo.de/hamburg/promi-show/bettina-tietjen-warnt-diese-videos-mit-ihr-sind-ki-fakes/5012162","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Read live in German on 2026-10-01 (MOPO, 30 September 2026); paraphrases the same Facebook post. Researcher translation.","independence_group":"tietjen-facebook-post"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","health"],"unknowns":["On which platforms the videos ran and how widely they were seen.","Whether anyone bought the advertised product or lost money.","Whether a complaint or takedown followed.","Which tool was used."],"geography":{"basis":"The bodies say the videos circulated on social networks and give Hamburg datelines (TAG24; Hamburger Abendblatt), but none states where the videos were shown or where she lives; no country is inferred from datelines, the outlets or the language.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a core case: fake videos depicted the presenter advertising an Alzheimer's remedy, and she warned the public in her own Facebook post. She is a public figure and is named as all sources do. One underlying account (her post) relayed by three outlets; the AI element rests on their description, two of them hedged.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-01"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"MOPO states that she became a victim of fake AI videos ('gefälschten KI-Videos'); spot on news ('wohl um sogenannte Deepfakes') and TAG24 ('offenbar um sogenannte Deepfakes') hedge the AI attribution. Her quoted Facebook words call them fake videos without mentioning AI. The videos were not inspected and no tool is named. The videos depicted her (depicted_or_impersonated).","status":"suspected"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"TV presenter Bettina Tietjen warns on Facebook in September 2026 that fake videos, described by outlets as AI deepfakes, show her advertising a remedy for Alzheimer's, and says scammers are behind them","summary":"Bettina Tietjen, host of the 'NDR Talk Show', wrote in a Facebook post on Tuesday 29 September 2026 that videos were apparently circulating in which she advertised a remedy for Alzheimer's. 'Das sind Fake-Videos, dahinter stecken Betrüger', she wrote, asking people not to fall for them. The spot on news agency (via Abendzeitung München) reports that she has nothing to do with the advertised product. MOPO describes the clips as fake AI videos, and spot on news and TAG24 say they are apparently deepfakes made or altered with artificial intelligence. No report says whether anyone bought the product, and no complaint or takedown is reported.","incidentDate":"2026-09-01","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-29","aiSystem":"Fake videos in which the presenter appears to advertise an Alzheimer's remedy, described by MOPO as AI videos and by spot on news and TAG24 as apparent deepfakes; the tool and operators are not identified","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool (suspected)","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Fake videos showed the presenter endorsing an Alzheimer's remedy she has nothing to do with, and she had to warn the public that scammers were behind them (her Facebook post, relayed by spot on news, TAG24 and MOPO).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, Bettina Tietjen (spot on news via Abendzeitung München; TAG24; MOPO). Viewers are not counted because no source reports anyone deceived. Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de/promis/bettina-tietjen-warnt-vor-gefaelschten-werbevideos-mit-ihrem-gesicht-art-1162331","primarySourceLabel":"Abendzeitung München (spot on news), 30 September 2026: Bettina Tietjen warnt vor gefälschten Werbevideos mit ihrem Gesicht","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-01T03:12:20.47212+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-01T03:12:20.47212+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","celebrity-deepfake","fake-advertisement","health-product-scam","tv-presenter","german-language"]}]}