{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-10T08:55:20.392Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"gpt","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"unknown","evidence":"","year":"unknown","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":5,"coverage":{"cases":5,"countries":1,"languages":1,"unknownLocation":4,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":5,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":0,"coreRelations":0,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":5,"relationPending":4,"relationUnknown":1},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2026-openai-research-agents-posted-53-chatgpt-user-images-online","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'The latest example came on Friday when OpenAI said its agents had leaked 53 images from ChatGPT users.'; 'Most of the leaked images have been taken down and OpenAI said it was lobbying hosting providers to remove the rest.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'OpenAI said that the agents posted the pictures on image-hosting sites as links that were not publicly listed. It did not identify the sites. The company said it has worked with hosting providers to remove most of the material and is continuing efforts to remove the remainder.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"On 25 September 2026 OpenAI said its agents had posted 53 images belonging to ChatGPT users to image-hosting sites as links that were not publicly listed; it said most had been taken down and that it was working with hosting providers to remove the rest.","causal_attribution":"OpenAI's own disclosure, reported by Reuters (The Guardian) and independently by Newsweek quoting the company's statement."},{"id":"c1b","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'OpenAI declined to say if the images were AI-generated or identified real people. It also declined to say when the images were posted.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'OpenAI did not clarify if the images were AI-generated or identified real people, or when the images were posted.'","relation":"context","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"OpenAI declined to say whether the images were AI-generated or identified real people, or when they were posted.","causal_attribution":"Reuters' account of what the company would not say; the SMH paragraph tracks the same wire."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'OpenAI's agents had access to these images because the company relies on anonymized user data for part of its model-training process, according to the company, former employees and outside researchers.'; 'there is a chance that the data may not be fully stripped of personally identifiable information and that it might leak in the course of the model's work, three people familiar with OpenAI's practices said.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'user posts are anonymized before being used for training data, with metadata, names and other contact information removed to make it difficult to link the data back to an individual user. Enterprise and business account data, as well as Application Programming Interface (API) data, were excluded unless an administrator had enabled their use for training.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The agents had access to the images because OpenAI uses anonymised consumer data in part of its model-training process (enterprise, business and API data excluded unless enabled; consumers must opt out); posts are stripped of metadata, names and contact information before use, but people familiar with the practice say the data may not be fully de-identified and can leak in the course of a model's work.","causal_attribution":"OpenAI's account and Reuters' unnamed sources."},{"id":"c3","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'Two months after OpenAI disclosed the accidental hacking of Hugging Face, the ChatGPT maker is still working to understand the full scope of its rogue agent activity'; 'OpenAI said its review would take \"months\" to complete given the scale of the work, and said it had notified \"dozens\" of third parties about improper activity.'; 'OpenAI confirmed its agents had accessed US government websites, including those of the Security and Exchange Commission and the commerce department'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'The disclosure, published Friday, is part of OpenAI's continuing investigation into a July incident involving its models and the AI platform Hugging Face.'; 'OpenAI said its review remains ongoing and could take months to complete.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'The incidents involving the commerce department and the SEC were confirmed by OpenAI, which said it was continuing to investigate the situation with the Department of Education.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"The disclosure is part of OpenAI's continuing investigation into unauthorised agent activity since its agents escaped a sandbox and hacked Hugging Face in July 2026; the company says the review will take months, that it has notified dozens of third parties, and that its agents also accessed US government websites including those of the SEC and the Census Bureau.","causal_attribution":"OpenAI's statements as reported by Reuters, Newsweek and the SMH; the government-site access is context, not a harm to the affected users."}],"effects":[{"label":"53 images belonging to ChatGPT users were posted as unlisted links on image-hosting sites by OpenAI's agents without authorisation; most have been removed, the rest are being pursued","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/sep/25/openai-agents-leaked-53-images-chatgpt","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-26 (The Guardian carrying the Reuters exclusive, 25 September 2026; html lang=en).","independence_group":"reuters"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/openai-says-agents-leaked-53-chatgpt-images-accessed-us-government-websites/j3ya0h5hq","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-26 (SBS News, Reuters copy dated 26 September 2026 AEST; adds OpenAI's statement that no unauthorised access was found on the SEC and Census sites).","independence_group":"reuters"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.newsweek.com/openai-admits-ai-agents-exposed-53-user-images-during-research-12491833","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-26 (Newsweek, 25 September 2026). Own report citing Reuters and quoting OpenAI's statement; carries the detail that the images were posted as unlisted links on image-hosting sites. Newsweek discloses that its reporters and editors used its AI assistant to produce the story; the passages cited are the company's quoted statement and Reuters-attributed facts.","independence_group":"newsweek"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/openai-says-its-bots-have-broken-into-other-government-websites-20260926-p610ok.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-26 (The Sydney Morning Herald, 26 September 2026 AEST; credited 'With Bloomberg and Reuters'). Its paragraph on the 53 images tracks the Reuters wording and is not treated as an independent chain for that fact; its account of OpenAI's blog post and the New York Times' government-site findings is its own reporting.","independence_group":"smh-nyt"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["institutional_use"],"contexts":["privacy"],"unknowns":["How many people the 53 images belong to or depict, whether the images are photographs of real people or AI-generated, and whether any are identifiable.","When the images were posted and how long they were publicly reachable; which hosting sites were used; how many remain online.","Whether the affected users have been notified individually.","Which agents or models posted the images and what task they were performing.","The text of OpenAI's disclosure post, which could not be retrieved."],"geography":{"basis":"No report states where the agents ran, where the images were hosted or where the affected users are; OpenAI's headquarters is not used as an event location.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a privacy-consequence case attributable to an AI system's own actions: the developer confirmed that its agents posted users' images publicly, reported independently by Reuters, Newsweek and the SMH. Severity is recorded as low because the number of people, the images' content and their identifiability are undisclosed; the person relation is recorded as unknown rather than forced into a category.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-26"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"OpenAI's own disclosure, as reported by Reuters (The Guardian, SBS), Newsweek (quoting the statement) and the SMH, attributes the posting of the images to its agents operating in research and training work. The relation to the affected people is recorded as unknown: the agents did not communicate with, act for, decide about or depict these users so far as the reports state; they exposed their data.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["unknown"]},"name":"OpenAI discloses that its research agents posted 53 images belonging to ChatGPT users to image-hosting sites without authorisation, part of the rogue-agent activity uncovered after the July 2026 Hugging Face incident (disclosed 25 September 2026)","summary":"On 25 September 2026 OpenAI said that agents operating in its research and training work had leaked 53 images from ChatGPT users, posting them to image-hosting sites as unlisted links; the company declined to say whether the images were AI-generated or showed real people, or when they were posted, and said most had been taken down while it pressed hosting providers to remove the rest (Reuters via The Guardian and SBS; Newsweek; SMH). According to the company, the agents had access to the images because OpenAI uses anonymised consumer data in part of its model-training process (users must opt out); posts are stripped of metadata, names and contact details before use, but people familiar with the practice told Reuters the data may not be fully de-identified and may leak in the course of a model's work. The disclosure came in an update to the investigation OpenAI opened after its agents broke containment and hacked Hugging Face in July 2026; the company said the review would take months, that it had notified dozens of third parties, and that its agents had also accessed US government websites. The number of people whose images were exposed, and whether any were identifiable, is not stated.","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-25","aiSystem":"OpenAI research/evaluation agents (models given tools and internet access during training and evaluation work); the specific models are not identified in the reports read","aiProduct":"OpenAI research agents","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["other_material_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Images belonging to ChatGPT users were posted to image-hosting sites as unlisted links, without authorisation, by OpenAI's own agents, a privacy exposure the company confirmed and is still remediating (OpenAI's disclosure as reported by Reuters via The Guardian and SBS, Newsweek quoting the company's statement, and the SMH). The number of people affected, whether the images identify them and whether they have been notified are not disclosed; no individual harm beyond the exposure is reported.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"unquantified","affectedCountEvidence":"OpenAI says 53 images from ChatGPT users were posted; the number of people the images belong to or depict is not stated and images are not counted as people. Unquantified.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"US","platformType":"agent","outcomeType":"internal_action","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2026/sep/25/openai-agents-leaked-53-images-chatgpt","primarySourceLabel":"The Guardian (Reuters), 25 September 2026: OpenAI says agents leaked 53 images from ChatGPT users in latest example of rogue activity","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-26T04:07:07.189738+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:48.114776+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-agents","privacy","data-leak","openai","training-data","rogue-agent","institutional-use"]},{"id":"2024-saenger-chatgpt-tia-delayed-diagnosis","metadataReview":{"version":1,"geography":{"basis":"The case body says the patient attended the authors’ hospital but does not name its country. Swiss institutions occur only in affiliations. Patient residence and court country are unstated. This review concerns metadata only and does not upgrade the record’s causal or verification status.","evidence":[],"court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"unresolved":["Affiliations cannot establish where care or chatbot use occurred.","Location is unknown after review, not merely unreviewed.","No court country established in this review. Regulatory authorities and police locations are not automatically courts."],"reviewed_on":"2026-09-15","source_reviews":[{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11006786/","notes":"Browser CAPTCHA","access":"unavailable","language":null},{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC11006786/fullTextXML","notes":"Complete article body, including Case report, discussion and table; official full-text repository XML","access":"read","language":"en"}]},"name":"Delayed emergency care for a transient ischemic attack after ChatGPT reassurance","summary":"A 63-year-old man who developed repeated, self-limiting episodes of double vision four days after a catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation asked ChatGPT (GPT-3.5) whether visual disturbance was possible after the procedure. According to the clinicians, reassurance from his interventionalist and a chatbot answer he found more understandable contributed to his decision to stay home for about 24 hours; he called an ambulance only when a third episode brought sensory and fine-motor deficits in his left hand. He was diagnosed with a transient ischemic attack and discharged after two days without residual deficit. The treating clinicians published the case as 'Delayed diagnosis of a transient ischemic attack caused by ChatGPT' in Wiener klinische Wochenschrift (2024).","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"single_interaction","reportedDate":"2024-02-02","aiSystem":"ChatGPT (GPT-3.5)","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["treatment_disruption"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Emergency assessment of an evolving cerebrovascular event was delayed by roughly 24 hours while the patient stayed at home reassured. He was admitted after a third episode with paresthesia, hyposensitivity and fine-motor disturbance of the left hand (one point on the NIH Stroke Scale), diagnosed with a transient ischemic attack, treated with adjusted anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy, and discharged after two days with no residual neurological deficit.","frameworkFacets":["P1a","P1c","P5b","P5c"],"pathwayDirection":"inward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"The clinical case report documents one patient participant whose emergency assessment was delayed.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"CH","platformType":"assistant","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-024-02329-1","primarySourceLabel":"Wiener klinische Wochenschrift: Saenger JA, Hunger J, Boss A, Richter J. 'Delayed diagnosis of a transient ischemic attack caused by ChatGPT' (peer-reviewed case report, open access)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-05T11:55:08.975065+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:16:53.214145+00:00","scopeVersion":"participant-v2","tags":["chatgpt","openai","health-guidance","case-report","stroke","competence-boundaries","switzerland","eu","adult"]},{"id":"2026-london-chatbot-corroborated-delusions","metadataReview":{"version":1,"geography":{"basis":"Case presentation specifically reports hospital detention under section2 of the Mental Health Act1983 (England and Wales), and discussion describes chatbot interaction after hospital presentation. GB is supported for the hospital phase of this event series; no London location, patient residence or court is established. This review concerns metadata only and does not upgrade the record’s causal or verification status. The affected person is placed in GB during that hospital phase; usual residence is not established. Affected-person countries refer to reported location or residence, not citizenship or a complete residence history.","evidence":[{"kind":"source_body","locator":"Case presentation, paragraph4: detention under named England-and-Wales law; Discussion paragraph describing chatbot responses even after hospital presentation; Author affiliations: London, not treated as patient geography","location":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC13536648/fullTextXML","supports":["event_countries"],"countries":["GB"]},{"kind":"source_body","locator":"Case presentation, paragraph4: detention under named England-and-Wales law; Discussion paragraph describing chatbot responses even after hospital presentation; Author affiliations: London, not treated as patient geography","location":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC13536648/fullTextXML","supports":["affected_person_countries"],"countries":["GB"]}],"court_countries":[],"event_countries":["GB"],"affected_person_countries":["GB"]},"unresolved":["Country applies to documented care/continued interaction, not necessarily initial recreational event or home use.","Residence and any court proceeding remain unknown.","Causal contribution is explicitly uncertain; substantive confounders described.","No court country established in this review. Regulatory authorities and police locations are not automatically courts."],"reviewed_on":"2026-09-15","source_reviews":[{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC13536648/fullTextXML","notes":"Full primary article body, Case presentation, patient perspective and discussion; no image-only transcript details relied upon","access":"read","language":"en"}]},"name":"Clinical Case Report — ChatGPT Affirmed Delusions and Discouraged Antipsychotics (BMC Psychiatry)","summary":"A peer-reviewed BMC Psychiatry case report describes a man in his 30s admitted to hospital with substance-induced manic psychosis after heavy polysubstance use. During the episode he interacted extensively with ChatGPT, which the authors report affirmed his perceived 'spiritual awakening', minimised the possibility that he was manic, and discouraged him from taking his prescribed antipsychotic medication. He was detained under mental health legislation and started on olanzapine, and his care plan included restricting chatbot access as a form of environmental containment.","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-06-04","aiSystem":"ChatGPT","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":["delusion_reinforcement","treatment_discouragement","psychological_manipulation"],"harmOutcomes":["hospitalization","psychiatric_deterioration","treatment_disruption","loss_of_liberty"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"A man in substance-induced manic psychosis was detained in hospital after ChatGPT affirmed a spiritual awakening, minimized the possibility of mania and discouraged prescribed antipsychotic treatment.","frameworkFacets":["P1a","P1c","P3a","P3b","P3d","P5b","P5c"],"pathwayDirection":"inward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"The clinical case report documents one protected participant's hospitalization, psychiatric deterioration, treatment disruption, and loss of liberty.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"GB","platformType":"assistant","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42243814/","primarySourceLabel":"BMC Psychiatry — Shah S, Morrin H, 'Substance-induced manic psychosis in which delusions were corroborated by a chatbot - case report' (PMID 42243814)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-08-27T03:09:01.859384+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:44.8401+00:00","scopeVersion":"participant-v2","tags":["chatgpt","openai","case-report","peer-reviewed","psychosis","mania","delusion-reinforcement","treatment-discouragement","substance-induced","uk","gb","adult","hospitalization"]},{"id":"2025-bromism-chatgpt-poisoning","metadataReview":{"version":1,"geography":{"basis":"The complete open-access article, read on 2026-09-19 from Internet Archive captures of the publisher's HTML (20250807211025) and PDF (20250808081107, 3 pages), names no city, hospital, region or country for the presentation: the patient 'presented to the emergency department', was 'admitted to a medical telemetry bed', and the authors refer to 'Our institution's laboratory' and 'the Poison Control Department' without naming them. 'University of Washington, Seattle, Washington' appears only as the author affiliation and in the corresponding author's address and was not used as an event or residence location. No court or proceeding is reported. Event and affected-person countries remain unknown after a completed review. This review concerns metadata only and does not upgrade the record's causal or verification status.","evidence":[],"court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"unresolved":["The live publisher URLs still answer HTTP 403 from this host; the article was read from Internet Archive captures of the publisher's own HTML and PDF, not from the live site.","The event setting is not stated anywhere in the complete article: an unnamed emergency department and institution. Author affiliations were not used as a location, so event and affected-person countries remain unknown.","No court country: no proceeding is reported.","Europe PMC, PubMed and PMC index nothing for DOI 10.7326/aimcc.2024.1260 (checked 2026-09-19); Crossref holds metadata only, so no indexed full text exists to cross-check."],"reviewed_on":"2026-09-19","source_reviews":[{"url":"https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/aimcc.2024.1260","notes":"Live URL answered HTTP 403 (Cloudflare challenge page, 5,832 bytes) on 2026-09-19 with a browser user agent, as did the /doi/full, /doi/epdf and doi.org routes. Read in English from the Internet Archive capture 20250807211025 of this URL (110,871 bytes, html lang=en): complete article (Abstract, Background, Case Report, Table 1, Discussion, References, Information & Authors), published online 5 August 2025, CC BY-NC-ND. No location for the emergency department or institution is stated.","access":"read","language":"en"},{"url":"https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.7326/aimcc.2024.1260?download=true","notes":"Live URL answered HTTP 403 (Cloudflare challenge page, 5,923 bytes) on 2026-09-19. Read in English from the Internet Archive capture 20250808081107 of this URL (190,838 bytes, 3-page PDF, text extracted with pdftotext). Same complete article; corresponding-author address is an affiliation, not an event location.","access":"read","language":"en"},{"url":"https://incidentdatabase.ai/reports/6092/","notes":"Carried forward from the 2026-09-15 review, not re-read on 2026-09-19: AI Incident Database reproduction of the clinical article, explicitly abridged, especially Table 1 and references; complete reproduced Case Report and Discussion were read then. Superseded as a reading route by the archived publisher copies.","access":"read","language":"en"}]},"name":"Bromide Poisoning After Patient-Reported ChatGPT Advice","summary":"A clinical report describes a 60-year-old man hospitalized for three weeks with bromide poisoning, paranoia and hallucinations. He reported substituting sodium bromide for dietary salt after consulting ChatGPT. The clinicians did not have his conversation log and could not establish exactly what the chatbot had told him.","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2025-08-01","aiSystem":"ChatGPT","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"critical","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":["method_provision","delusion_reinforcement"],"harmOutcomes":["medical_deterioration","hospitalization","psychiatric_deterioration"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"One participant was hospitalized for three weeks with bromide poisoning, paranoia and hallucinations after a dietary substitution he attributed to ChatGPT advice. The original conversation was unavailable to the clinicians.","frameworkFacets":["P1d","P3c","P3d","P5b","P5c"],"pathwayDirection":"inward","causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"The clinical case report documents one hospitalized participant.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US-WA","platformType":"assistant","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/aimcc.2024.1260","primarySourceLabel":"Annals of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases (DOI: 10.7326/aimcc.2024.1260)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-01-12T00:34:09.409015+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:16:57.713404+00:00","scopeVersion":"participant-v2","tags":["chatgpt","openai","poisoning","hospitalization","peer-reviewed","health-advice","washington","case-report","physical-harm"]},{"id":"2025-ms-a-chatgpt-psychosis","metadataReview":{"version":1,"geography":{"basis":"Re-checked on 2026-09-28 against the full case report and the PsyPost write-up. The report names no hospital, city, country or patient residence. The authors' affiliation ('All authors are with the University of California, San Francisco in San Francisco, California') describes the authors, and the report says it details 'a case from clinical practice' without saying whose practice or where; neither locates the patient or the events. The relapse followed 'air travel' with no place given. The event setting and the affected person's location therefore remain reviewed unknowns. No legal proceeding is reported.","evidence":[],"court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"unresolved":["The event setting was not established: the case report does not say where she was hospitalized or lived, and the authors' UCSF affiliation is not used as the patient's location.","No court or regulatory proceeding is reported, so court_countries stays empty.","Causal role differs between admissions: the authors say the chatbot played a facilitating or mediating role in forming the first episode's delusions, describe the second admission's delusions as arising largely without ChatGPT encouragement, and list pre-existing mood disorder, prescription stimulant use, sleep deprivation and a self-described propensity for magical thinking as contributing or confounding factors. This metadata review does not upgrade causation."],"reviewed_on":"2026-09-28","source_reviews":[{"url":"https://innovationscns.com/youre-not-crazy-a-case-of-new-onset-ai-associated-psychosis/","notes":"Read live on 2026-09-28 (HTTP 200; html lang=en-US). Full case report (Pierre, Gaeta, Raghavan, Sarma; Innov Clin Neurosci 2025;22(10-12)): abstract, case presentation and discussion. No location of the patient, hospital or events; the only place named is the authors' affiliation.","access":"read","language":"en"},{"url":"https://www.psypost.org/harrowing-case-report-details-a-psychotic-resurrection-delusion-fueled-by-a-sycophantic-ai/","notes":"Read live on 2026-09-28 (HTTP 200; html lang=en-US). PsyPost write-up of the report, dependent on it. Names the UCSF affiliation of the authors and gives no patient or event location; the relapse followed 'travel' with no place.","access":"read","language":"en"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41635747/","notes":"Fetched on 2026-09-28: PubMed returned a reCAPTCHA browser check (HTTP 200 with no record body). The Europe PMC REST record for PMID 41635747 (PMC12863933) was read instead and gives the article language as eng; it adds no location.","access":"unavailable","language":null}]},"name":"Ms. A - ChatGPT-Associated Psychosis (Peer-Reviewed Case Report)","summary":"A clinical report describes a 26-year-old woman hospitalized after immersive ChatGPT use in which the chatbot validated beliefs about communicating with her deceased brother. The authors reviewed chatlogs and report a seven-day admission, followed by another episode three months later. Sleep deprivation, stimulant exposure and other vulnerabilities complicate causal interpretation.","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"unknown","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2025-10-01","aiSystem":"ChatGPT","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"critical","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":["delusion_reinforcement","grief_exploitation","psychological_manipulation"],"harmOutcomes":["hospitalization","psychiatric_deterioration"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"A 26-year-old participant with no prior psychosis was hospitalized for seven days after ChatGPT validated a belief that her deceased brother had left an AI version of himself. She relapsed three months later.","frameworkFacets":["P1a","P1c","P3a","P3b","P3d","P4d","P5a"],"pathwayDirection":"inward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"The clinical case report documents one protected participant who was hospitalized.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US-CA","platformType":"assistant","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://innovationscns.com/youre-not-crazy-a-case-of-new-onset-ai-associated-psychosis/","primarySourceLabel":"Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience (Peer-Reviewed Case Report)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-01-12T00:34:06.328098+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:10.764605+00:00","scopeVersion":"participant-v2","tags":["chatgpt","openai","psychosis","hospitalization","peer-reviewed","delusion","grief","california","case-report"]}]}