{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-11-07T02:11:16.368Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"fraud","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"","evidence":"","year":"2023","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":3,"coverage":{"cases":3,"countries":2,"languages":2,"unknownLocation":0,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":2,"minors":0,"coreRelations":3,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2023-fuzhou-china-police-say-company-head-sent-4-3-million-yuan-after-ai-face-swapped-wechat-video-call-from-friend","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'4月20日11时40分左右，福州市某科技公司法人代表' and '于11时49分先后分两笔把430万元给对方打了过去。' and '对方通过智能AI换脸技术，佯装成好友对他实施了诈骗。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Baotou police said that on 20 April 2023 the legal representative of a Fuzhou technology company was contacted by WeChat video by someone posing as a friend and transferred 4.3 million yuan in two payments; when he phoned the real friend he learned the friend had made no such request, and the police said the fraudster had used AI face-swapping to impersonate the friend.","causal_attribution":"Police attribution of the deception to AI face-swapping."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'仅用时10分钟，就将该诈骗账户内的336.84万元被骗资金成功拦截' and '向福州市公安局警方提供了剩余款项93.16万元资金流出信息' and '目前，福建警方与包头警方对此资金正在全力追缴当中。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Baotou police, asked by Fuzhou police, worked with the bank to intercept 3.3684 million yuan within about ten minutes and passed information on the remaining 931,600 yuan to Fuzhou police; both forces were pursuing it.","causal_attribution":"Police account of the recovery."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'骗子并没有使用一个仿真的好友微信添加' and '而是直接用好友微信发起视频聊天' and '骗子极有可能通过技术手段盗用了'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The Shanghai Observer reported that the fraudster called from the friend's own WeChat account, which it said was very likely stolen by technical means, rather than from a lookalike account.","causal_attribution":"The outlet's inference about the account; it adds a second mechanism (account takeover) alongside the face swap."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'基于对好友的信任，加上已经视频聊天核实了身份'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The company head transferred the money because of trust in the friend and because the video chat had appeared to verify the caller's identity.","causal_attribution":"Links the video call to the decision to pay."}],"effects":[{"label":"company head deceived by an AI face-swapped video call into transferring 4.3 million yuan, according to police","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.secrss.com/articles/54863","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read in Chinese on 2026-10-22 (HTTP 200). Republication of the Baotou police WeChat account post (stated as from Ping An Baotou). Translated from Chinese by the research agent (an AI); no human translation.","independence_group":"baotou-police-statement-may-2023"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.jfdaily.com/wx/detail.do?id=615158","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read in Chinese on 2026-10-22 (HTTP 200). Shanghai Observer report, 22 May 2023, relaying the police statement with added reporting. Translated from Chinese by the research agent (an AI); no human translation.","independence_group":"shanghai-observer-report-may-2023"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["finance","work","relationships"],"unknowns":["Which AI tool was used and how police established the face swap.","Whether the remaining 931,600 yuan was recovered.","Whether anyone was arrested or charged.","How the friend's WeChat account came to be used."],"geography":{"basis":"Event: the victim was the legal representative of a technology company in Fuzhou, Fujian, and the case was handled by Fuzhou and Baotou police (police statement). No court proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["CN"],"affected_person_countries":["CN"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (communicated_with, depicted_or_impersonated): Baotou police say a Fuzhou company head transferred 4.3 million yuan after a WeChat video call in which the fraudster used AI face-swapping to impersonate a friend. The technical basis is not disclosed. The victim is not named.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-22"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Baotou police, who handled the interception of the funds with Fuzhou police, said the fraudster used AI face-swapping to pose as the victim's friend on the WeChat video call that led to the 4.3 million yuan transfer (police WeChat post relayed by Secrss). The faked friend spoke to the victim and asked for the money (communicated_with, depicted_or_impersonated). The police do not disclose how the face swap was established or which tool was used, and the Shanghai Observer reports the friend's real account was probably hijacked as well.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with","depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Fuzhou, China: police say a company head sent 4.3 million yuan after a WeChat video call in which AI face-swapping imitated a friend","summary":"Police in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, said in a statement published in May 2023 that on 20 April 2023 the legal representative of a technology company in Fuzhou, Fujian, received a WeChat video call from someone who appeared to be a friend and asked to route a 4.3 million yuan tender deposit through the company's account; trusting the video call, he transferred 4.3 million yuan in two payments. The police said the fraudster had used AI face-swapping to pose as the friend. At Fuzhou police's request, Baotou police and a local bank stopped 3.3684 million yuan within about ten minutes; 931,600 yuan had been moved on and was being pursued.","incidentDate":"2023-04-20","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"single_interaction","reportedDate":"2023-05-08","aiSystem":"AI face-swapping used in a WeChat video call to impersonate the victim's friend, according to Baotou police (tool not identified)","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["financial_loss"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to Baotou police, a Fuzhou company head transferred 4.3 million yuan after a WeChat video call with an AI face-swapped imitation of a friend; 3.3684 million yuan was intercepted and 931,600 yuan was still being pursued.","frameworkFacets":[],"pathwayDirection":"outward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person: the company head deceived into the transfers (police statement). The loss was on a company account; the impersonated friend is not counted because no harm to the friend is reported.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"CN","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"investigation_opened","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.secrss.com/articles/54863","primarySourceLabel":"Secrss (relaying the Baotou police WeChat account Ping An Baotou), 20 May 2023: AI face-swap fraud took 4.3 million yuan in 10 minutes","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-22T03:25:21.91516+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-22T03:25:21.91516+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-face-swap","video-call-fraud","impersonation","wechat","china","police-statement","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2023-anqing-anhui-police-say-nine-second-ai-face-swap-video-call-posing-as-acquaintance-cost-man-2-45-million-yuan","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'经开公安分局反诈中心民警调查发现，诈骗分子使用了一段9秒钟的智能AI换脸视频佯装“熟人”，让受害人放松警惕从而实施诈骗。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'诈骗分子使用一段9秒钟的智能AI换脸视频佯装“熟人”，让受害人放松警惕被骗走245万元。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Officers of the Anqing economic development zone police anti-fraud centre found that the fraudsters used a nine-second AI face-swap video to pose as an acquaintance and lower the victim's guard.","causal_attribution":"Police finding attributing the deception to an AI face-swap video."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'目前有一个项目招标需要周转资金' and '“因为打了视频电话又是熟人”，“我就没多想，就转账了”' and '立刻让家人将245万元到对方指定的账号上，直到事后拨打对方电话才得知被骗。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"After the brief video call, the 'acquaintance' asked on QQ for money to be advanced for a project tender, and, trusting the video call, the victim had family members transfer 2.45 million yuan, learning of the fraud only when he later phoned the acquaintance.","causal_attribution":"The victim's account of why he paid, as reported."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'于4月28日下午一举抓获' and '等3名犯罪嫌疑人，扣押涉案手机26部，冻结、追回电诈资金一百余万元。' and '5月22日，民警将先行追回的132万元被骗款返还给' and '目前，该案件正在进一步侦办中。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Police arrested three suspects on 28 April 2023, seized 26 phones, froze or recovered more than one million yuan, and on 22 May returned 1.32 million yuan to the victim; the case was still being investigated.","causal_attribution":"Police account of arrests and recovery."}],"effects":[{"label":"man transferred 2.45 million yuan after an AI face-swap video call posing as an acquaintance, according to police","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.secrss.com/articles/55024","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read in Chinese on 2026-10-22 (HTTP 200). Republication of a Dawan News report (stated as from Dawan News), dated 25 May 2023. Translated from Chinese by the research agent (an AI); no human translation.","independence_group":"anqing-police-findings-dawan-news-may-2023"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://news.cnr.cn/native/gd/20230613/t20230613_526286531.shtml","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read in Chinese on 2026-10-22 (HTTP 200; page encoded GBK). China National Radio summary, 13 June 2023, of the same case. Translated from Chinese by the research agent (an AI); no human translation.","independence_group":"anqing-police-findings-dawan-news-may-2023"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["finance","relationships"],"unknowns":["Which AI tool was used and how police established the face swap.","Whether the remaining money was recovered.","Whether the three suspects, who were suspected of moving proceeds, or anyone who made the video was charged or convicted.","How the acquaintance's WeChat identity was used."],"geography":{"basis":"Event: the case occurred in the Anqing economic development zone, Anhui, and was handled by its police sub-bureau (Dawan News; CNR). No court proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["CN"],"affected_person_countries":["CN"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (communicated_with, depicted_or_impersonated): the investigating Anqing police anti-fraud centre found that a nine-second AI face-swap video posing as an acquaintance led a man to transfer 2.45 million yuan. The technical basis is not disclosed. The victim is not named.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-22"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The anti-fraud centre of the Anqing economic development zone police, which investigated the case and arrested three suspects, found that the fraudsters used a nine-second AI face-swap video to pose as the victim's acquaintance on the WeChat video call that preceded the payment (Dawan News via Secrss; CNR). The faked acquaintance appeared to the victim, and the same account then asked for money (depicted_or_impersonated, communicated_with). The police do not disclose how the face swap was established or which tool was used.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with","depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Anqing, China: police say a nine-second AI face-swap video call posing as an acquaintance led a man to transfer 2.45 million yuan","summary":"In April 2023 a man in the Anqing economic development zone, Anhui, received a brief WeChat video call from someone who appeared to be an acquaintance, followed by a QQ message asking him to advance money for a tender; trusting the video call, he had family members transfer 2.45 million yuan. The local police anti-fraud centre found that the fraudsters had used a nine-second AI face-swap video to pose as the acquaintance, Dawan News reported. Police arrested three suspects on 28 April, froze or recovered more than one million yuan, and on 22 May returned 1.32 million yuan to the victim.","incidentDate":"2023-04-27","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"single_interaction","reportedDate":"2023-05-25","aiSystem":"A nine-second AI face-swap video used in a WeChat video call to impersonate an acquaintance, according to police (tool not identified)","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["financial_loss"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to the police findings reported by Dawan News, a man transferred 2.45 million yuan after a nine-second AI face-swap video call posing as an acquaintance; 1.32 million yuan was later returned to him.","frameworkFacets":[],"pathwayDirection":"outward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person: the man who had 2.45 million yuan transferred after the call (Dawan News via Secrss). The impersonated acquaintance and the family members who made the transfer are not counted; no separate harm to them is reported.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"CN","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.secrss.com/articles/55024","primarySourceLabel":"Secrss (republishing Dawan News), 25 May 2023: Another AI face-swap fraud as Anhui man loses 2.45 million yuan in 9 seconds","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-22T03:25:18.240597+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-22T03:25:18.240597+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-face-swap","video-call-fraud","impersonation","wechat","china","police-arrests","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2023-slovakia-ai-voice-deepfake-of-party-leader-and-journalist-discussing-election-rigging-spread-during-moratorium","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"Len dva dni pred parlamentnými voľbami zdieľali tisíce slovenských používateľov sociálnych sietí podozrivý zvukový súbor, ktorý bol prezentovaný ako rozhovor medzi Michalom Šimečkom, predsedom Progresívneho Slovenska (PS), a Monikou Tódovou, novinárkou Denníka N. ... Na nahrávke hovoria, že voľby 30. septembra budú zmanipulované v prospech PS.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Neznámy dezinformátor alebo dezinformátori vypustili tesne pred voľbami 2023 novú formu hoaxu, ktorý mal potenciál ovplyvniť výsledky hlasovania. Terčom takzvaného deepfaku – počítačom vyrobenej nahrávky – sa stali predseda PS Michal Šimečka a novinárka Denníka N Monika Tódová. V nahrávke zneli ich hlasy tak, akoby sa dohodovali o manipulácii volieb.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Shortly before Slovakia's 2023 parliamentary election, an audio file spread on social media in which the voices of the Progressive Slovakia leader and a Denník N journalist appear to discuss rigging the election.","causal_attribution":"AFP observed the posts and file itself; Denník N reports the same file from its own position as the journalist's employer."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Na základe nášho vyhodnotenia predmetná nahrávka vykazuje viaceré znaky, že je vytvorená umelou inteligenciou pomocou algoritmov umožňujúcich vytvorenie syntetického/umelého hlasu vytrénovaného na hlasoch reálnych osôb (tzv. audio deepfake) ... Preukazuje to tón hlasu, neprirodzená dikcia, výber slov a podobne.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The director of the Interior Ministry's Centre for Countering Hybrid Threats told AFP that the centre's evaluation found several signs that the recording was created with AI algorithms producing a synthetic voice trained on real people's voices, citing tone, unnatural diction and word choice.","causal_attribution":"Government examining unit's assessment as quoted by AFP; its full method is not published."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Viacerí analytici však pre agentúru AFP na základe hneď niekoľkých faktorov zvukového záznamu uviedli, že nahrávka je podvod vytvorený umelou inteligenciou a technológiou syntetického hlasu.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Several analysts consulted by AFP said, on the basis of several features of the recording, that it was a fake created with artificial intelligence and synthetic-voice technology.","causal_attribution":"Expert assessments gathered by AFP; one expert said it could alternatively be spliced from other calls."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"bývalý poslanec strany Sme Rodina, ktorý ho 28. septembra zverejnil na svojom facebookovom účte. ... napísal v príspevku, ktorý nazbieral viac ako 2200 zdieľaní. ... Jeden z príspevkov na Facebooku bol zdieľaný viac ako 3 000-krát pred tým, ako bol odstránený.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"A former member of parliament posted the recording on Facebook on 28 September as authentic and called the party leader a traitor and fraudster, in a post shared more than 2,200 times; another Facebook post was shared more than 3,000 times before removal.","causal_attribution":"AFP's observation of the posts."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Naši súperi vytvorili ďalšie falošné video s hlasom od umelej inteligencie","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The party leader called the recording fake and said his opponents had made another fake video with an AI voice.","causal_attribution":"Depicted person's own statement, relayed by AFP."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Novinárkin advokát Tomáš Kamenec postavil trestné oznámenie na paragrafoch o ohováraní a poškodzovaní cudzích práv. ... Jej trestné oznámenie polícia prvýkrát odmietla už po pár týždňoch. Vyšetrovateľ síce uznal, že išlo o zjavný podvrh, podľa neho však bol málo presvedčivý, a teda nemohol ovplyvniť významnejšiu skupinu voličov. ... S postupom polície sa vtedy nestotožnil ani prokurátor Okresnej prokuratúry Bratislava III, ktorý vyšetrovateľom nariadil prípad riadne prešetriť.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The journalist filed a criminal complaint through her lawyer on defamation and interference with others' rights; police first dismissed it, saying the fake was obvious and unconvincing, and the district prosecutor then ordered a proper investigation.","causal_attribution":"Reported by the journalist's employer; the police and prosecutor decisions themselves were not read."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Vyšetrovateľka Okresného riaditeľstva Bratislava III prerušila trestné stíhanie s vysvetlením, že „sa nepodarilo zistiť skutočnosti oprávňujúce vykonať trestné stíhanie voči konkrétnej osobe“. ... Novinárka Tódová podala prostredníctvom advokátskej kancelárie Paul Q proti tomuto rozhodnutiu sťažnosť.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"After almost a year, an investigator suspended the prosecution because no specific suspect could be identified, and the journalist filed a complaint against that decision.","causal_attribution":"Reported by the journalist's employer."}],"effects":[{"label":"party leader and journalist falsely depicted plotting election fraud; recording spread as genuine; criminal complaint filed","claim_id":"c6","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://fakty.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33WY9LF","kind":"fact_check","access":"read","language":"sk","translation_note":"Read in Slovak by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-22 and translated by the research agent (an AI) into English; no human translator or reviewer was involved. AFP Fakty fact-check published 28 Sep 2023 21:51, updated 29 Apr 2024; direct fetch 403, read in full from an Internet Archive capture (web.archive.org/web/2024id_/).","independence_group":"afp-fakty-sep-2023"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://dennikn.sk/4249286/policia-povedala-ze-nevie-vypatrat-autora-deepfaku-ktory-sa-snazil-ovplyvnit-volby/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"sk","translation_note":"Read in Slovak by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-22 and translated by the research agent (an AI) into English; no human translator or reviewer was involved. Denník N report of 27 Oct 2024; Denník N employs the depicted journalist. Direct fetch 403, read in full from an Internet Archive capture (web.archive.org/web/2025id_/).","independence_group":"dennik-n-oct-2024"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["public_life","justice"],"unknowns":["Who made the recording and with which tool.","How the hybrid-threats centre and the analysts assessed the recording beyond the features they cite.","What happened to the journalist's complaint against the 2024 suspension; later reports were not read for this review."],"geography":{"basis":"AFP reports the file spread among Slovak social-media users before the Slovak parliamentary election, so the event country is Slovakia. The party leader leads a Slovak party and the journalist works for the Slovak daily Denník N and filed her complaint with Slovak police (Denník N), so both are placed in Slovakia. No court proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["SK"],"affected_person_countries":["SK"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated): the Slovak Interior Ministry's hybrid-threats centre, which evaluated the recording, said it showed signs of AI synthetic-voice generation, and the imitated voices of a party leader and a journalist were spread as a record of them plotting election fraud. The leader denounced it and the journalist filed a criminal complaint for defamation, which police later suspended for want of a suspect.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-22"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"AFP Fakty quotes the director of the Slovak Interior Ministry's Centre for Countering Hybrid Threats saying that the centre's evaluation of this recording found several signs that it was created with AI algorithms producing a synthetic voice trained on real people's voices, citing tone, unnatural diction and word choice; several analysts consulted by AFP said the same on the basis of features of the recording. The generated voices of the party leader and the journalist were what spread as a supposed record of them plotting election fraud. The tool is not identified, and one expert said the file could alternatively have been spliced from other calls.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Slovakia: audio of a party leader and a journalist discussing vote rigging, which a ministry unit said showed signs of AI, spread before the 2023 election","summary":"Two days before Slovakia's parliamentary election of 30 September 2023, during the pre-election moratorium, an audio file presented as a phone call between Progressive Slovakia leader Michal Šimečka and Denník N journalist Monika Tódová spread on Facebook, Telegram, TikTok and chain e-mails. In it, the two voices discuss rigging the election in the party's favour. The director of the Interior Ministry's Centre for Countering Hybrid Threats told AFP that the ministry's evaluation found several signs that the recording was created with AI synthetic-voice algorithms trained on real people's voices, and other analysts consulted by AFP said it was an AI-made fake. A former member of parliament shared it as authentic, calling Šimečka a traitor and fraudster. Šimečka called it fake. Tódová filed a criminal complaint for defamation; according to Denník N, police first dismissed it, a prosecutor ordered an investigation, and in 2024 an investigator suspended the case because no suspect could be identified.","incidentDate":"2023-09-28","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"single_interaction","reportedDate":"2023-09-28","aiSystem":"Synthetic-voice (audio deepfake) generation imitating the voices of a party leader and a journalist, according to the Slovak Interior Ministry's Centre for Countering Hybrid Threats and analysts consulted by AFP (tool not identified)","aiProduct":"Unidentified voice-cloning tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to AFP Fakty and Denník N, a party leader and a journalist were falsely depicted, through imitated voices that the Interior Ministry's hybrid-threats centre said showed signs of AI generation, as plotting to rig an election; the file spread widely during the moratorium, a former MP presented it as genuine and called the leader a traitor, the leader denounced it, and the journalist filed a criminal complaint for defamation.","frameworkFacets":[],"pathwayDirection":"outward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":2,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"Two depicted people, the party leader and the journalist, each with a reported objection (the leader's public denial reported by AFP; the journalist's criminal complaint reported by Denník N). Voters who heard or shared the file are an audience and are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"SK","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"investigation_opened","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://fakty.afp.com/doc.afp.com.33WY9LF","primarySourceLabel":"AFP Fakty, 28 Sep 2023: Údajná nahrávka telefonátu predsedu PS a novinárky Denníka N vykazuje podľa expertov početné známky manipulácie","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-22T03:05:17.620696+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-22T03:05:17.620696+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["voice_clone","audio_deepfake","election","journalist","defamation","slovakia"]}]}