{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-09-30T05:32:39.310Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"firearm","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"","evidence":"","year":"","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":3,"coverage":{"cases":3,"countries":2,"languages":1,"unknownLocation":0,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":1,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":1,"regulatory":1,"minors":1,"coreRelations":1,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":2,"relationPending":2,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2026-omaha-i3bank-armed-robbery-chatgpt-planning-tellers-threatened","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"On Feb. 10, [the defendant] entered the i3Bank in Omaha and pointed a gun at tellers, threatening to kill them, to give him cash and not include any dye packs. He stole about $9,175 before fleeing.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"He robbed the bank in Omaha, Nebraska, on February 10th with a semi-automatic pistol of the exact type he had previously asked ChatGPT about. With the gun drawn, he forced the handover of slightly more than 9000 US dollars.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"On 10 February 2026 a 23-year-old man entered the i3Bank in Omaha, pointed a gun at tellers, threatened to kill them unless they handed over cash without dye packs, and left with about $9,175.","causal_attribution":"The robbery and threats are attributed to the defendant, who was sentenced for them according to the prosecutor's statement relayed by WOWT and heise; no causal role is attributed to ChatGPT."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"He consented to a search of his phone. Officers examined the contents and determined [the defendant] used ChatGPT to plan the robbery, including advice on law enforcement response times, how to strip and repair a Llama Mini-Max .45 handgun, and for advice on obtaining ammunition as a felon. Additionally, his Google maps history showed he had most recently searched for directions to i3 Bank.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'robbed a bank without a mask after using the AI chatbot ChatGPT for planning'; 'The 23-year-old had asked ChatGPT, among other things, how long it takes for the police to respond to a bank robbery, how to disassemble and reassemble a specific type of pistol, and how to obtain ammunition for it if he has a prior conviction.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"After he consented to a search of his phone, officers determined that he had used ChatGPT to plan the robbery, including asking about law enforcement response times, how to strip and repair a Llama Mini-Max .45 handgun, and how to obtain ammunition as a felon; his Google Maps history showed a recent search for directions to the bank.","causal_attribution":"Characterisation by investigators and the prosecutor's office; neither source quotes the prompts or ChatGPT's replies."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"was charged with bank robbery and using, carrying, and brandishing a firearm during a crime of violence. He was sentenced Aug. 13 to 10 years and a month in prison.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"After release, [the defendant] will begin a five-year term of supervised release.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"He was sentenced on 13 August 2026 to 10 years and one month in federal prison, followed by five years of supervised release, on charges of bank robbery and brandishing a firearm during a crime of violence.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome for the defendant's own conduct; not attributed to the AI system."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"He was not masked and wore conspicuous clothing, all of which was recorded by the surveillance camera.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"However, the use of AI seems rather secondary here.","relation":"context","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"was seen on surveillance video clearly showing his face and driving a truck with","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"He robbed the bank unmasked and was recorded by surveillance cameras showing his face and his truck; heise judged the use of AI 'rather secondary'.","causal_attribution":"heise's own assessment that the AI use was secondary to the robbery; recorded as context."}],"effects":[{"label":"bank tellers were threatened with death at gunpoint and about $9,175 was taken","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.wowt.com/2026/08/19/man-who-used-chatgpt-plan-omaha-bank-robbery-sentenced/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Full body read by curl on 2026-09-29; quotes the U.S. Attorney's Office account of the phone search.","independence_group":"usao-ne-statement"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.heise.de/en/news/Ten-years-in-prison-for-bank-robbery-perpetrator-asked-ChatGPT-for-tips-11421315.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"heise English edition, read by curl on 2026-09-29; the page says it was translated with technical assistance and editorially reviewed, and it cites a statement from the prosecutor's office, so it shares WOWT's independence group.","independence_group":"usao-ne-statement"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","justice","finance"],"unknowns":["What ChatGPT answered to each query, and whether it refused, warned or supplied the information.","The exact number of tellers threatened.","Whether any teller reported lasting effects.","The text of the U.S. Attorney's Office release and of the plea agreement (not readable from this box)."],"geography":{"basis":"WOWT: the i3Bank 'in Omaha'; heise: 'the bank in Omaha, Nebraska'. The tellers worked at that branch. Sentenced in federal court (D. Neb.).","court_countries":["US"],"event_countries":["US"],"affected_person_countries":["US"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter and planning-query precedent as an armed robbery in which the prosecutor's office says ChatGPT was used for planning before the harm occurred. Both inspected accounts relay the same official statement; the absence of quoted model replies limits claims about model behaviour and is recorded. Tellers and the defendant are not named.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-29"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The U.S. Attorney's Office statement, as relayed by WOWT and heise, says officers found on the defendant's phone that he used ChatGPT to plan the robbery, asking about police response times, stripping and repairing a Llama Mini-Max .45 handgun, and obtaining ammunition as a felon. The AI system communicated with the user whose robbery threatened the tellers; the tellers did not use it. No source quotes the prompts or replies, so nothing is recorded about what ChatGPT answered or whether it refused or warned; heise considers the AI use secondary.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Omaha, Nebraska: a man who, according to prosecutors, used ChatGPT to plan, including questions on police response times, repairing a handgun and getting ammunition as a felon, robbed an i3Bank at gunpoint and threatened to kill the tellers; sentenced to 121 months","summary":"On 10 February 2026 a 23-year-old man walked into the i3Bank in Omaha, pointed a gun at the tellers, threatened to kill them unless they handed over cash without dye packs, and left with about $9,175. According to the prosecutor's statement relayed by WOWT and heise, a consented search of his phone showed he had used ChatGPT to plan the robbery, asking about law enforcement response times, how to strip and repair a Llama Mini-Max .45 handgun, and how to obtain ammunition as a felon; his Google Maps history showed directions to the bank. He was sentenced in federal court on 13 August 2026 to 10 years and one month in prison. No source quotes what ChatGPT answered.","incidentDate":"2026-02-10","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-08-19","aiSystem":"ChatGPT (OpenAI); model and replies not reported","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["psychological_distress","harm_to_others"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Bank tellers were threatened with death at gunpoint and about $9,175 was taken in a robbery the prosecutor's office says was planned with ChatGPT queries (per the U.S. Attorney's Office statement relayed by WOWT and heise); no injuries are reported and the record makes no causal claim about the model.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"unclear","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":2,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"WOWT: he 'pointed a gun at tellers, threatening to kill them' (plural, so at least two tellers). The exact number of tellers is not given in the inspected bodies. The defendant, the AI user, is not counted as harmed (consistent with the Zurich-Oerlikon precedent); the bank's monetary loss is not a person count. Documented minimum 2.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US-NE","platformType":"chatbot","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.wowt.com/2026/08/19/man-who-used-chatgpt-plan-omaha-bank-robbery-sentenced/","primarySourceLabel":"WOWT, 19 August 2026: Man who used ChatGPT to plan Omaha bank robbery sentenced","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-29T09:10:21.955529+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:47.70665+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["chatgpt","bank-robbery","firearm","planning-queries","omaha","nebraska","federal-sentence","others-use"]},{"id":"2025-ikner-fsu-shooting","metadataReview":{"version":1,"geography":{"basis":"Carried forward from the 2026-09-15 metadata review and now supported by inspected bodies. NPR and Click Orlando place the shooting near the student union of Florida State University in Tallahassee, Florida, on 17 April 2025, where the two people killed and those wounded were; the criminal case is in Florida and the civil suits in the Northern District of Florida and Leon County (retained row). This is a metadata review and does not verify the account of AI involvement.","evidence":[{"kind":"existing_record","locator":"at Florida State University in Tallahassee","location":"summary","supports":["event_countries","affected_person_countries"],"countries":["US"]},{"kind":"existing_record","locator":"N.D. Fla.","location":"outcome_details","supports":["court_countries"],"countries":["US"]},{"kind":"source_body","locator":"'Police investigate the scene of a shooting near the student union at Florida State University on April 17, 2025 in Tallahassee, Florida. Two people were killed and six injured in the attack.'","location":"https://www.npr.org/2026/04/21/nx-s1-5793967/florida-openai-investigation-mass-shooting-fsu","supports":["event_countries","affected_person_countries"],"countries":["US"]},{"kind":"source_body","locator":"'the mass shooting at Florida State University in Tallahassee on April 17, 2025, and the deaths of two people, with five others injured.'","location":"https://www.clickorlando.com/news/investigators/2026/04/09/fsu-shooting-suspect-used-chatgpt-to-help-plan-fatal-attack-court-records-show/","supports":["event_countries","affected_person_countries"],"countries":["US"]},{"kind":"source_body","locator":"'the April 2025 shooting near the student union on FSU's Tallahassee campus'","location":"https://www.npr.org/2026/04/21/nx-s1-5793967/florida-openai-investigation-mass-shooting-fsu","supports":["event_countries"],"countries":["US"]}],"court_countries":["US"],"event_countries":["US"],"affected_person_countries":["US"]},"unresolved":["The 18 additional sources cited by the retained row (AP, WLRN, CNN, NBC, WJHG, Tallahassee Reports, Florida Phoenix, WTXL, WCTV, the Tallahassee Democrat via Yahoo and five CourtListener dockets) were not re-inspected in this pass; an AP Wayback capture was fetched but not reviewed. Their languages remain unreviewed.","The victims' countries of residence are recorded from the location of the shooting; no source states their residence separately."],"reviewed_on":"2026-09-24","source_reviews":[{"url":"https://www.npr.org/2026/04/21/nx-s1-5793967/florida-openai-investigation-mass-shooting-fsu","notes":"Read live on 2026-09-24 (NPR, 21 April 2026; html lang=en). Reports the Florida Attorney General's criminal investigation of OpenAI, the shooting near the FSU student union in Tallahassee on 17 April 2025 (two killed, six wounded per NPR's correction), the accused's ChatGPT queries per the AG's review of chat logs, OpenAI's statement and the trial date of 19 October.","access":"read","language":"en"},{"url":"https://www.clickorlando.com/news/investigators/2026/04/09/fsu-shooting-suspect-used-chatgpt-to-help-plan-fatal-attack-court-records-show/","notes":"Read live on 2026-09-24 (WKMG News 6, 9 April 2026; html lang=en). Investigation based on ChatGPT transcripts obtained by public records request; places the shooting at FSU in Tallahassee on 17 April 2025 and describes the questions the accused put to the chatbot.","access":"read","language":"en"}]},"name":"Florida State University Shooting (Phoenix Ikner ChatGPT Tactical Planning)","summary":"On April 17, 2025, Phoenix Ikner, 20, killed two people and wounded five at Florida State University in Tallahassee. Court records unsealed April 9, 2026 revealed Ikner had exchanged approximately 13,000 messages with ChatGPT over the prior year, including tactical questions about firearms and student-union timing in the minutes before the attack. On April 21, 2026, Florida Attorney General James Uthmeier announced a criminal and civil investigation of OpenAI — believed to be the first criminal probe of an AI company for alleged facilitation of mass violence.","incidentDate":"2025-04-17","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"cumulative_relationship","reportedDate":"2026-04-09","aiSystem":"ChatGPT","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"critical","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":["third_party_harm_facilitation","crisis_response","method_provision"],"harmOutcomes":["death","physical_injury","harm_to_others","legal_harm","loss_of_liberty"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Phoenix Ikner killed two people and wounded five at Florida State University. Court records later disclosed about 13,000 ChatGPT messages, including firearm and location questions in the minutes before the attack.","frameworkFacets":["P1a","P1c","P1d","P5d"],"pathwayDirection":"outward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":7,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"Court and official records document one AI participant, two people killed, and at least five people wounded. The lower reported injury count is used.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US-FL","platformType":"assistant","outcomeType":"lawsuit_filed","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.npr.org/2026/04/21/nx-s1-5793967/florida-openai-investigation-mass-shooting-fsu","primarySourceLabel":"NPR — Florida AG opens OpenAI investigation over FSU shooting","firstPublishedAt":"2026-04-28T13:00:04.410579+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:06.257133+00:00","scopeVersion":"participant-v2","tags":["criminal-investigation","lawsuit","shooting","mass-violence","chatgpt","openai","fsu","florida","us","regulatory"]},{"id":"2025-singapore-far-right-teen-ai-firearms","metadataReview":{"version":1,"geography":{"basis":"Geographic fields reviewed against the cited retained dossier passages. This is a metadata review, not a new source or causal review. Residence, event setting and court are recorded separately. Affected-person countries refer to reported location or residence, not citizenship or a complete residence history.","evidence":[{"kind":"existing_record","locator":"A 17-year-old far-right extremist in Singapore used an AI chatbot","location":"summary","supports":["event_countries","affected_person_countries"],"countries":["SG"]}],"court_countries":[],"event_countries":["SG"],"affected_person_countries":["SG"]},"unresolved":["No court country established in this review. Regulatory authorities and police locations are not automatically courts.","Source languages remain unreviewed; no source body was newly inspected for this record during this metadata pass."],"reviewed_on":"2026-09-15","source_reviews":[]},"name":"Singapore Far-Right Teen Plot (AI Ammunition Instructions)","summary":"A 17-year-old far-right extremist in Singapore used an AI chatbot to obtain instructions for producing ammunition and considered 3D printing firearms to carry out attacks. Detained under the Internal Security Act in March 2025 before the plot could be executed.","incidentDate":"2025-03-15","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2025-03-20","aiSystem":"AI chatbot (unspecified)","aiProduct":"Unidentified chatbot","aiCompany":"Unknown","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":["third_party_harm_facilitation","method_provision","minor_exploitation"],"harmOutcomes":["legal_harm","loss_of_liberty"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"A 17-year-old participant was detained under Singapore's Internal Security Act after using an AI chatbot to obtain ammunition-production instructions while considering firearm attacks.","frameworkFacets":["P1d","P5d"],"pathwayDirection":"outward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"The official record documents one detained minor AI participant. The considered attacks were not carried out, so no intended targets are counted.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"SG","platformType":"chatbot","outcomeType":"regulatory_action","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.isd.gov.sg/news-and-resources/singapore-terrorism-threat-assessment-report-2025/","primarySourceLabel":"Singapore Internal Security Department - Terrorism Threat Assessment Report 2025","firstPublishedAt":"2026-01-22T07:15:38.750068+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:15.690288+00:00","scopeVersion":"participant-v2","tags":["terrorism","far-right","radicalization","minor","singapore","firearms","ammunition","3d-printing","foiled-plot","method-provision"]}]}