{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-22T10:17:43.140Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"false-images","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"","evidence":"","year":"2025","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":1,"coverage":{"cases":1,"countries":1,"languages":1,"unknownLocation":0,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":0,"coreRelations":1,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2025-seoul-court-fines-district-office-official-for-posting-generative-ai-fake-couple-photos-of-female-colleague","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'구청 조직도에서 내려받은 같은 과 B씨의 사진을 생성형 AI를 활용해 자신과 연인 사이인 것처럼 합성한 뒤 네 차례에 걸쳐 자신의 SNS 프로필에 게시한 혐의를 받는다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'AI로 이를 합성해 마치 연인 관계인 것처럼 꾸며 자신의 SNS 프로필에 게시한 것으로 조사됐다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'동료 여직원의 얼굴을 인공지능(AI)으로 합성해 마치 연인 사이인 것처럼 가짜 사진을 만들어 자신의 소셜미디어(SNS)에 올린'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Under the charges, in November 2025 he took a photo of a female colleague in the same department from the office's organisation chart, used generative AI to composite it into pictures making them look like a couple, and posted them four times on his social media profile.","causal_attribution":"The charges as reported by Yonhap and Newslaw; Kyeonggi Ilbo also says the faces were composited with AI and names a photo-editing app (claim c5)."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'총 600만원(성폭력처벌법 위반 500만원·명예훼손 100만원)의 벌금을 선고했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'공소사실 전부를 유죄로 인정했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"On 11 September 2026 the Seoul Southern District Court convicted him on all counts and fined him 6 million won in total (5 million won under the Sexual Violence Punishment Act and 1 million won for defamation).","causal_attribution":"Court outcome as reported; the judgment was not inspected."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'피해자는 피고인이 올린 허위 영상물을 보고 수치심, 모욕감, 혐오감이 한 번에 몰려왔다고 진술하고 있다'; '사건 이후 사내에 소문이 퍼져 수치심과 두려움이 크다고 말하는 상황'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The judge cited the colleague's statement that she felt shame, insult and disgust on seeing the images and that rumours had spread at work, leaving her ashamed and afraid.","causal_attribution":"The judge's account of the victim's statement."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'초기 수사 단계에서는 '혐의없음' 처분을 받으며 논란이 됐다'; '지난 17일 법원에 항소장을 냈고, 검찰 역시 양형이 가볍다고 보고 항소한 것으로 알려졌다'; '해임 처분을 의결했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Police initially found no offence; afterwards he and the prosecution both appealed and the Seoul city personnel committee voted to dismiss him.","causal_attribution":"Newslaw report; the dismissal decision itself was not inspected."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'사진 편집 애플리케이션(앱)을 이용해'; '동료 여직원의 얼굴을 인공지능(AI)으로 합성해'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Kyeonggi Ilbo, which also says the compositing was done with AI, says he made the pictures with a photo-editing app.","causal_attribution":"Detail on the tool; the same report says the compositing was done with AI, so it does not contradict the charges reported by Yonhap. No product is named."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'명예훼손 혐의와 허위 영상물 제작·게시 사실은 인정하면서도'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'자신이 게시한 영상물이 피해자의 성적 수치심을 유발하기 어렵고 그럴 고의도 없었다고 주장했지만'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"In court he admitted the defamation and making and posting the false images, but denied that they could cause sexual shame or that he intended that.","causal_attribution":"The defendant's position in court as reported by Kyeonggi Ilbo and Yonhap."}],"effects":[{"label":"colleague felt shame, insult and disgust and faced workplace rumours after AI-composited fake couple photos were posted, per the court","claim_id":"c3","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20260911101300004","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in the original Korean on 2026-10-22 (HTTP 200). English renderings in this record are the research agent's (an AI's) own translations; no human translator reviewed them. Report of the 11 September 2026 ruling and the charges.","independence_group":"seoul-southern-district-court-ruling-reporting"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.kyeonggi.com/article/20260911580223","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in the original Korean on 2026-10-22 (HTTP 200). English renderings in this record are the research agent's (an AI's) own translations; no human translator reviewed them. Separate report of the same hearing; it describes the tool as a photo-editing app.","independence_group":"seoul-southern-district-court-ruling-reporting"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.newslaw.co.kr/ko-kr/articles/2255","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in the original Korean on 2026-10-22 (HTTP 200). English renderings in this record are the research agent's (an AI's) own translations; no human translator reviewed them. Later report on the dismissal, the appeals and the initial police decision.","independence_group":"newslaw-dismissal-and-appeal-report"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","relationships","justice"],"unknowns":["Which AI tool or app was used; the reports name generative AI and a photo-editing app but no product.","The outcome of the appeals and of any challenge to the dismissal.","How widely the photos were seen."],"geography":{"basis":"The photo came from a Seoul district office's organisation chart, the colleague works at that office, and the Seoul Southern District Court decided the case.","court_countries":["KR"],"event_countries":["KR"],"affected_person_countries":["KR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated): a Seoul court convicted and fined an official whose charges say he used generative AI to make fake couple photos of a colleague and posted them, and cited her shame and workplace rumours. Two reporting chains (ruling reports; Newslaw on the dismissal); one report also describes the tool as a photo-editing app.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-22"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The charges, as reported by Yonhap and Newslaw, state that he used generative AI to composite the colleague's photo into fake couple pictures, and the court convicted him on all counts. The pictures depicted the colleague (depicted_or_impersonated) and the judge cited her shame and the rumours that followed. Kyeonggi Ilbo also says he composited the photos with AI and describes the tool as a photo-editing app; he admitted in court making and posting the false images. The technical basis of the AI description is not disclosed.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Seoul court fines a district office official 6 million won for posting generative-AI fake couple photos of a female colleague on his social media profile","summary":"The Seoul Southern District Court on 11 September 2026 fined a male official in his fifties at a Seoul district office a total of 6 million won for making and posting false images and for defamation, according to Korean reports of the ruling. Under the charges, in November 2025 he took a photo of a female colleague in his department from the office's organisation chart, used generative AI to composite it into pictures that made them look like a couple, and posted them four times on his social media profile. The judge cited the colleague's statement that she felt shame, insult and disgust, and that rumours had spread at work. Police had initially found no offence before the case was sent back to prosecutors. Both he and the prosecution appealed, and the Seoul city personnel committee voted to dismiss him.","incidentDate":"2025-11-01","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-09-11","aiSystem":"Generative AI, not named in the reports, used to composite a colleague's photo into fake couple pictures (one report also describes the tool as a photo-editing app)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["psychological_distress","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to the court as reported, a colleague whose photo was composited with generative AI into fake couple pictures posted on an official's social media felt shame, insult and disgust, and rumours spread at work; the official was fined and dismissed.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"established","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person, the colleague depicted in the photos (court ruling as reported). Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"KR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20260911101300004","primarySourceLabel":"Yonhap News Agency, 11 September 2026: district official who composited a colleague's face with AI fined","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-22T03:23:44.455411+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-22T03:23:44.455411+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-composite","workplace","false-images","criminal-fine","south-korea","depicted-or-impersonated"]}]}