{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-23T07:24:50.108Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"criminal","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"core","evidence":"","year":"2024","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":10,"coverage":{"cases":10,"countries":6,"languages":8,"unknownLocation":2,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":3,"coreRelations":10,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2024-incheon-high-school-student-ai-deepfake-nude-composites-of-teachers-prison-term-and-civil-damages","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"A군은 지난해 7월 인공지능(AI)을 이용한 딥페이크 기술로 고등학교 여교사 2명과 학원 선배·강사 등의 얼굴을 나체 사진에 합성한 뒤 SNS에 유포한 혐의로 기소됐다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"앞서 ㄱ군은 지난해 7월 인공지능을 이용한 딥페이크 기술로 고등학교 여교사 2명과 학원 선배·강사 등의 얼굴을 나체 사진에 합성한 뒤 에스엔에스에 유포한 혐의로 기소됐다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"A군은 지난해 7월 자신이 다니던 고등학교 여교사 2명과 선배·강사 등을 상대로 인공지능(AI)을 이용한 딥페이크 음란물을 제작해 사회소셜네트워크서비스(SNS)에 유포한 혐의로 기소됐다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"According to the charges as reported, in July 2024, while a high-school student, he used AI-based deepfake technology to composite the faces of two female teachers at his school and of others, including an academy senior and an instructor, onto nude photos, and posted them on social media.","causal_attribution":"The AI attribution comes from the charges as the outlets describe them; he was convicted of editing false video material. The reports do not disclose how the AI use was established or name a tool."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"이 판사는 “A군은 공소사실을 모두 인정하고 반성하고 있으며 형사 처벌을 받은 전력이나 학교생활에 문제를 일으킨 적도 없다”고 설명했다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"According to the Kyunghyang Shinmun, he admitted all the charges at first instance.","causal_attribution":"Not causal."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"인천지법 형사1단독(재판장 이창경)은 27일 성폭력범죄의 처벌 등에 관한 특례법 위반(허위 영상물 편집 등) 혐의로 기소된 A군(19)에 대한 선고공판에서 장기 1년 6개월, 단기 1년의 징역형을 선고했다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"인천지법 형사1단독 이창경 판사는 27일 선고 공판에서 성폭력범죄의 처벌 등에 관한 특례법상 허위 영상물 편집 등 혐의로 기소된 A군(19)에게 단기 1년~장기 1년 6개월의 징역형을 선고했다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"On 27 August 2025 the Incheon District Court gave him an indeterminate prison term of one year to one year six months for editing false video material and related offences, and he was taken into custody.","causal_attribution":"Not causal; records the legal outcome."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"그 결과 피해 교사는 교단을 떠나 현재까지 복귀하지 못하고 있는 점 등을 종합적으로 고려했다","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"According to the JoongAng Ilbo, the first-instance court said the offence threatened the teachers' physical and mental safety and that as a result the victimised teacher left the classroom and had not returned.","causal_attribution":"The court links the teacher's departure to the offence as a whole, which included illegal filming as well as the composites."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"이후 영상물 조회 수가 1만회에 달하자 여교사 1명의 상반신과 나체 사진을 합성해 자극적인 문구와 함께 올려 불특정 다수가 보게 했다","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"According to the Kyunghyang Shinmun, the first-instance court said that after his secretly taken photos of two teachers reached about 10,000 views, he posted a composite of one teacher's upper body with a nude photo.","causal_attribution":"Describes the composite as the court summarised it."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"재판부는 \"교사들을 상대로 나체 합성 사진과 자극적인 문구를 함께 SNS에 게시해 인격 살인이라고 할 정도로 죄질이 불량하다\"며 \"교사들의 정신적 충격이 상당하고 전파 가능성이 높은 SNS 특성상 피해 회복도 어렵다\"고 설명했다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"인천지법 형사항소3부(재판장 최성배)는 19일 열린 항소심 선고 공판에서 성폭력범죄의 처벌 등에 관한 특례법상 허위 영상물 편집 등 혐의로 기소된 ㄱ(19)군에게 징역 3년을 선고했다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"On 19 December 2025 the Incheon District Court's criminal appeal division sentenced him, now an adult, to three years in prison, calling the offence close to character assassination and the teachers' mental shock considerable.","causal_attribution":"The appeal court describes the harm caused by the composites posted on social media."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"지난 12월 항소심에서 징역 3년을 선고받고 형이 확정됐습니다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"OBS reports that the three-year sentence became final.","causal_attribution":"Not causal."},{"id":"c8","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"인천지법 민사13단독 이상언 판사는 교사 A씨가 B(20)씨를 상대로 낸 7200여만원의 손해배상 청구소송에서 이날 원고 일부 승소 판결을 내렸다. 이에 따라 B씨는 A씨에게 1770만원을 지급해야 한다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"이 판사는 1천770만 원을 A씨에게 지급하도록 B씨에게 명령했습니다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"On 21 October 2026 a civil judge of the Incheon District Court partly upheld a teacher's claim for about 72 million won and ordered him to pay her 17.7 million won.","causal_attribution":"The civil court imposes liability for the harm; the reports do not describe its reasoning."},{"id":"c9","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"교육 당국은 교권보호위원회를 열고 중대한 교육활동 침해가 있다고 판단해 A군을 퇴학 처분했다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"인천시교육청은 지난해 교권보호위원회를 열고 중대한 교육활동 침해가 있다고 판단해 A군을 퇴학 처분했다.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"He was expelled after the education authorities' teachers' rights protection committee found a serious infringement of educational activity.","causal_attribution":"Not causal."}],"effects":[{"label":"teachers depicted in AI deepfake nude composites posted on social media","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"teachers' considerable mental shock, as the appeal court described it","claim_id":"c6","direction":"negative"},{"label":"victimised teacher left teaching and had not returned, according to the first-instance court","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20251219064251065","kind":"wire_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-21 and translated by the research agent (an AI) into English; no human translator or reviewer was involved. Yonhap News Agency report of the appeal sentencing, 19 December 2025; HTTP 200, full body read.","independence_group":"yonhap-19-dec-2025"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/area/capital/1235603.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-21 and translated by the research agent (an AI) into English; no human translator or reviewer was involved. Hankyoreh report of the appeal sentencing, 19 December 2025; HTTP 200, full body read.","independence_group":"hankyoreh-19-dec-2025"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/25362042","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-21 and translated by the research agent (an AI) into English; no human translator or reviewer was involved. JoongAng Ilbo report of the first-instance sentencing, 27 August 2025; HTTP 200, full body read.","independence_group":"joongang-27-aug-2025"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.khan.co.kr/article/202508271113001","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-21 and translated by the research agent (an AI) into English; no human translator or reviewer was involved. Kyunghyang Shinmun report of the first-instance sentencing, 27 August 2025; HTTP 200, full body read.","independence_group":"kyunghyang-27-aug-2025"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://biz.chosun.com/topics/topics_social/2026/10/21/6T2N34SEKBBNJCXOF7673LQ3TE/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-21 and translated by the research agent (an AI) into English; no human translator or reviewer was involved. Chosun Biz report of the civil judgment, 21 October 2026, attributed to the Incheon Teachers' Union; HTTP 200, full body read.","independence_group":"incheon-teachers-union-21-oct-2026"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://www.obsnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=1541214","kind":"local_tv_news","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-21 and translated by the research agent (an AI) into English; no human translator or reviewer was involved. OBS Gyeongin TV report of the civil judgment, 21 October 2026; HTTP 200, full body read. It does not name its source for the judgment.","independence_group":"obs-21-oct-2026"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","justice","privacy","work"],"unknowns":["Which AI tool was used and how investigators established the AI use.","How many people beyond the two teachers were depicted (the charges say an academy senior and instructor, among others).","Whether either party appeals the civil judgment, and its reasoning.","Which of the two teachers brought the civil suit.","Whether the first-instance court reference to the teacher who left teaching concerns one or both teachers."],"geography":{"basis":"The offending began at the student's high school, where he photographed teachers in class (JoongAng Ilbo; Kyunghyang Shinmun); the Incheon (South Korea) education office expelled him from that school (Kyunghyang Shinmun), so the school and the teachers' workplace are in Incheon; all three judgments were given by the Incheon District Court.","court_countries":["KR"],"event_countries":["KR"],"affected_person_countries":["KR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated): a student was convicted, on charges reported as using AI deepfake technology, of compositing his teachers' faces onto nude photos and posting them on social media; the courts recorded the teachers' mental shock and a victimised teacher's departure from teaching, and a civil court ordered damages. No name of the student or the teachers appears in the public record.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-21"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"According to the charges as reported by Yonhap, the Hankyoreh and the JoongAng Ilbo, the student used AI-based deepfake technology to composite the teachers' faces onto nude photos and posted them on social media; he was convicted of editing false video material and admitted the charges. The generated depictions of the teachers are the harm the courts addressed. The reports do not name the tool or disclose how the AI use was established.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Incheon high-school student jailed for AI deepfake nude composites of his teachers posted online; a civil court later orders him to pay one teacher damages","summary":"In July 2024 a high-school student in Incheon, South Korea, composited the faces of two female teachers at his school and of others, including an academy senior and an instructor, onto nude photos and posted them on social media, according to the charges as reported by Yonhap, the Hankyoreh, the JoongAng Ilbo and the Kyunghyang Shinmun, which describe the technique as AI-based deepfake technology. He had also secretly photographed teachers in class. He was expelled after a teachers' rights committee hearing. On 27 August 2025 the Incheon District Court gave him an indeterminate prison term of one year to one year six months and took him into custody; the court said that as a result the victimised teacher had left teaching and had not returned. On 19 December 2025, after he had turned adult, the appeal division raised the sentence to three years, calling the offence close to 'character assassination' and the teachers' mental shock considerable; OBS reports the sentence is final. On 21 October 2026, according to the Incheon Teachers' Union, a civil judge at the Incheon District Court ordered him, now 20, to pay one teacher 17.7 million won of the roughly 72 million won she claimed.","incidentDate":"2024-07-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2025-08-27","aiSystem":"AI-based deepfake image compositing, as the charges are described in the reporting (tool not named)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress","professional_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to the charges as reported, a student composited two female teachers' faces and others' onto nude photos with AI deepfake technology and posted them on social media; the courts called the teachers' mental shock considerable, the first-instance court said the victimised teacher had left teaching and not returned, and a civil court later ordered damages to one teacher.","frameworkFacets":[],"pathwayDirection":"inward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":2,"affectedCountStatus":"partial","affectedCountEvidence":"Two female teachers at his school, named in the charges as reported by Yonhap, the Hankyoreh, the JoongAng Ilbo, the Kyunghyang Shinmun and OBS; he admitted all charges (Kyunghyang). The charges also cover others, 'an academy senior and instructor, etc.' (Yonhap; JoongAng), whose number is not given, so they are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"KR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20251219064251065","primarySourceLabel":"Yonhap News Agency, 19 December 2025: appeal sentence for student who made deepfake sexual images of teachers","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-21T03:08:50.515019+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-21T03:08:50.515019+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["sexual_deepfake","teachers","school","criminal_conviction","civil_damages","south_korea"]},{"id":"2024-detmold-court-convicts-man-who-admitted-ai-built-fake-shops-and-generated-voice-defrauding-32-buyers","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'So flossen insgesamt 19.190 Euro in seinen Besitz.'; 'mithilfe gefälschter Online-Shops zwischen April 2024 und September 2025'; '32 Kundinnen und Kunden zahlten teils hohe Summen für bei ebay oder TikTok eingestellte Boxspringbetten, Küchen und Autos, die nie existiert hatten.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The Lippische Landes-Zeitung reported on 4 August 2026 that a man confessed at his trial before the lay-assessor court in Detmold to taking 19,190 euros from buyers between April 2024 and September 2025 through fake online shops: 32 customers paid, in some cases large sums, for box-spring beds, kitchens and cars listed on eBay or TikTok that never existed.","causal_attribution":"The defendant's confession at trial as reported by one newspaper; the court accepted his account."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Eine weibliche Stimme für ein Telefongespräch mit einem Kunden habe er mittels Künstlicher Intelligenz extra generiert'; 'Auch beim Aufbau der gefälschten Websites habe KI ihm geholfen, sagt er.'; 'Um die angehenden Käufer zu täuschen, legte der Angeklagte offenbar halbwegs seriös wirkende Internetseiten an.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'mithilfe von KI mehrere Fakeshops eröffnet und online knapp 20.000 Euro erbeutet zu haben'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"According to the same report, the defendant told the court that he had generated a female voice with artificial intelligence for a telephone call with a customer and that AI had helped him build the fake websites; at his former partner's trial in October he again said he had opened several fake shops with the help of AI.","causal_attribution":"The defendant's own statements in court, reported by one newspaper in two articles; no tool, generated page or recording is described."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'verurteilt ihn letztendlich wegen Betrugs in 32 Fällen zu zweieinhalb Jahren Haft'; 'Die erbeutete Summe soll er zurückzahlen.'; 'Alle hatten Anzeige erstattet.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Das Geständnis hatte ihn eine zweieinhalbjährige Freiheitsstrafe eingebracht.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The court convicted him of fraud in 32 cases, sentenced him to two and a half years in prison and ordered him to repay the money; all the customers had filed criminal complaints.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome as reported by one newspaper; the judgment itself was not read."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Obwohl das gegen ihn gesprochene Urteil noch nicht rechtskräftig ist und seine Berufung läuft'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The newspaper reported in October 2026 that the judgment against him was not yet final because his appeal was pending.","causal_attribution":"Procedural status as reported by one newspaper."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Obwohl mehrere für den Betrug genutzte Konten auf den Namen seiner damaligen Lebensgefährtin liefen'; 'Am Ende beantragen sowohl Staatsanwaltschaft als auch Verteidigung einen Freispruch.'; 'nun am Dienstagmorgen wie selbstverständlich neben ihrem Verteidiger'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"On Tuesday 13 October 2026 the same court acquitted his former partner, who had been charged with commercial fraud because several accounts used in the frauds were in her name; the prosecution and the defence both asked for acquittal.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome as reported by one newspaper; the date is the Tuesday of the report published on 13 October 2026."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Zwar erleichtere die KI in der heutigen Zeit Betrugstaten.'; 'Um einen funktionierenden Fakeshop aufzubauen, müsse man aber hohen Organisationsaufwand betreiben'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The presiding judge said that AI makes fraud easier today but that building a working fake shop still takes considerable organisation.","causal_attribution":"The judge's remark in the oral reasoning as reported; it is not a finding about which parts of the fraud the AI produced."}],"effects":[{"label":"32 buyers paid for box-spring beds, kitchens and cars that never existed, 19,190 euros in total","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.lz.de/lippe/detmold/24389324_Mit-KI-und-Fakeshops-fast-20.000-Euro-erbeutet-Detmolder-muss-mehrere-Jahre-in-Haft.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Read in the original German on 2026-10-14 (HTTP 200; the article text is carried in the page's structured data) by the research agent (an AI); English renderings in this record are the research agent's own translations and no human translator reviewed them. Lippische Landes-Zeitung court report published 4 August 2026, 19:03, on the trial and conviction of the man who ran the fake shops.","independence_group":"lz-detmold-court-reports"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.lz.de/lippe/detmold/24440004_Monatelang-auf-der-Flucht-Frau-nach-Betrug-mit-KI-Fakeshops-in-Detmold-freigesprochen.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Read in the original German on 2026-10-14 (HTTP 200; the article text is carried in the page's structured data) by the research agent (an AI); English renderings in this record are the research agent's own translations and no human translator reviewed them. Lippische Landes-Zeitung court report published 13 October 2026, 17:45, on the acquittal of his former partner; same newspaper as s1, so not independent of it.","independence_group":"lz-detmold-court-reports"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["finance","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["Which AI tools the defendant used, and what the AI produced on the websites.","Which buyers saw AI-built pages, and which customer heard the generated voice and what that customer lost.","The exact date of the conviction; the report was published on 4 August 2026.","The outcome of the defendant's appeal."],"geography":{"basis":"The buyers were spread across Germany ('die über Deutschland verstreuten Kundinnen und Kunden', s1), which places the losses and the affected people in Germany; the trials were held at the Amtsgericht Detmold (s1, s2).","court_countries":["DE"],"event_countries":["DE"],"affected_person_countries":["DE"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a reported case: according to the Lippische Landes-Zeitung, a man convicted in Detmold of fraud in 32 cases told the court that AI helped him build the fake shop websites and generated a female voice he used in a call with a customer; 32 buyers paid for goods that never existed. The AI involvement rests on the defendant's admission as reported by one newspaper; the defendant and his acquitted former partner are not named.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-14"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The defendant told the Detmold court, as the Lippische Landes-Zeitung reported, that he generated a female voice with artificial intelligence for a telephone call with a customer and that AI helped him build the fake shop websites, which he set up to make the offers look credible to buyers; 32 buyers paid for goods that never existed. The generated voice and the AI-built pages were presented to buyers as part of the deception (communicated_with). The attribution rests on the defendant's own admission, which the court accepted; no tool is named, and which buyers saw AI-built pages or heard the voice is not reported.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Detmold, Germany: court convicts a man who admitted using AI to build fake shop websites and a generated voice in frauds on 32 buyers","summary":"A man tried before the lay-assessor court in Detmold, Germany, confessed to taking 19,190 euros between April 2024 and September 2025 from 32 buyers who paid for box-spring beds, kitchens and cars listed on eBay or TikTok that never existed, the Lippische Landes-Zeitung reported on 4 August 2026. He told the court that AI had helped him build the fake shop websites he used to make the offers look credible and that he had generated a female voice with AI for a telephone call with a customer. The court convicted him of fraud in 32 cases and sentenced him to two and a half years in prison; his appeal is pending. On 13 October 2026 the court acquitted his former partner, in whose name several of the accounts had been opened.","incidentDate":"2024-04-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-08-04","aiSystem":"AI tools, not named, that the defendant said helped him build the fake shop websites and generated a female voice for a call with a customer (his admission in court, as reported)","aiProduct":"Unidentified website and voice tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["financial_loss"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"According to the defendant's confession as reported by the Lippische Landes-Zeitung, 32 buyers paid a total of 19,190 euros for goods that never existed in fake-shop offers he said he built with AI help, including a generated voice used in a call with a customer.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":32,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"32 customers: the newspaper reports that 32 customers paid and that the court convicted him of fraud in 32 cases. None of them used the AI; the defendant did. The former partner's prosecution is not counted as an AI-related harm. The court said it could not rule out further cases ('Ob es vielleicht noch weitere Fälle gibt, kann das Gericht nicht ausschließen'), so 32 is a documented minimum.","jurisdiction":"DE","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.lz.de/lippe/detmold/24389324_Mit-KI-und-Fakeshops-fast-20.000-Euro-erbeutet-Detmolder-muss-mehrere-Jahre-in-Haft.html","primarySourceLabel":"Lippische Landes-Zeitung, 4 August 2026: Mit KI und Fakeshops fast 20.000 Euro erbeutet: Detmolder muss mehrere Jahre in Haft","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-14T03:09:20.388157+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-14T03:09:20.388157+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["fake-shop-fraud","ai-built-websites","ai-generated-voice","online-marketplace","criminal-conviction","germany"]},{"id":"2024-indonesia-deepfake-videos-of-president-prabowo-offering-aid-administrative-fee-fraud-two-arrests","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Tersangka AMA membuat video yang memanfaatkan teknologi deepfake mengatasnamakan pejabat negara dalam bentuk video dengan isi konten penawaran bantuan pemerintah kepada masyarakat yang membutuhkan'; 'Setelah itu korban diminta untuk mentransfer sejumlah uang dengan alasan biaya administrasi dan kemudian akan terus dijanjikan pencairan dana oleh tersangka hingga korban mentransfer kembali walaupun sebenarnya dana bantuan tersebut tidak pernah ada'; 'Polisi kemudian menangkap pria inisial AMA, berusia 29 tahun, di Lampung, pada 16 Januari 2025'; 'Pelaku mendapat Rp 30 juta dalam empat bulan'; 'Polisi telah mendata 11 orang yang menjadi korban video tipu-tipu itu'; 'Bisa mulai dari Rp 250.000, Rp 500.000, Rp 700.000, sampai dengan Rp 1 juta'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'AMA ditangkap pada 16 Januari 2025. Modus operandinya adalah video deepfake yang mencatut Presiden Prabowo itu memberi penawaran bantuan pemerintah'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"Police (Bareskrim's cyber crime directorate) said at a 23 January 2025 press conference that a 29-year-old man arrested in Lampung on 16 January 2025 had made and spread, on several social media platforms, deepfake videos in the name of state officials, including President Prabowo Subianto, offering government aid; viewers who contacted the number shown were asked to transfer money as an 'administrative fee' and were promised disbursement of aid that never existed. Police said he had made about Rp 30 million in four months. Police said they had recorded 11 victims from five provinces, with individual losses of Rp 250,000 to Rp 1 million and about Rp 30 million in total.","causal_attribution":"Police account of the first suspect, relayed by detikNews; the suspect has not been tried and no court record was inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Mengunggah dan menyebarluaskan video di platform media sosial Instagram memanfaatkan teknologi deepfake menggunakan foto dan suara menyerupai bapak Presiden Prabowo Subianto dan Menteri Keuangan Sri Mulyani'; 'Dia menyebut JS menyertakan nomor WA-nya. Dia mengatakan JS melakukan penipuan kepada orang-orang yang menghubunginya lewat WA setelah menonton video itu'; 'sejak bulan Desember (2024) tersangka telah meraup keuntungan kurang lebih Rp 65 juta. Korbannya kurang lebih 100 orang berasal dari 20 provinsi'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Himawan menjelaskan keuntungan ini didapat JS dari 100 korban yang melihat video palsu miliknya menampilkan Presiden Prabowo seolah-olah akan memberikan bansos kepada masyarakat. Seratusan korban JS ini tertipu dengan mentransfer uang ke nomor rekening yang diberikan JS agar dapat memperoleh bansos'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'Pada tanggal 4 Februari 2025, penyidik Direktorat Tindak Pidana Siber Bareskrim Polri berhasil mengamankan tersangka berinisial JS, 25 tahun'; 'JS mengunduh video dari akun orang lain dengan kata kunci 'Prabowo give away''","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"'Police arrested a suspect who pocketed Rp 65 rupiah ($4,000) from the scam, Brig. Gen. Himawan Bayu Aji, director of the National Police Cyber Crime Unit told reporters in February'","relation":"context","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"Police said at a 7 February 2025 press conference that a second suspect, a 25-year-old arrested on 4 February 2025 in Lampung province, downloaded deepfake videos showing a face and voice resembling President Prabowo and Finance Minister Sri Mulyani, uploaded them to an Instagram account the suspect ran with a WhatsApp number attached, and asked people who contacted the number after watching to transfer 'administrative fees' for aid that never existed; police put the suspect's victims at roughly 100 people from 20 provinces and the suspect's proceeds since December 2024 at roughly Rp 65 million.","causal_attribution":"Police account relayed by detikNews and AFP; the roughly 100 and 20 provinces figures are police approximations ('kurang lebih'), not a documented minimum. The AFP text gives the proceeds as 'Rp 65 rupiah', an evident omission of 'million'."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Bahwa hasil analisa dengan menggunakan software video forensik metode deepfake face detection, pada video tersebut terdapat adanya deepfake face dengan nilai hampir 100% fake'; 'deepfake didapat nilai GANN Generative Adversarial Neural Network dengan score gun 1.00. Dari hasil analisa error level analysis, terdapat adanya penggabungan frame berupa tulisan dan gambar yang dijadikan satu dalam satu video yang menandakan adanya proses editing'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Police said the Bareskrim digital forensic laboratory analysed the video and found a deepfake face with a detection score of nearly 100% fake, a generative adversarial network detection score of 1.00, and frames of text and images combined through editing.","causal_attribution":"The laboratory result is known only through the police statement at the press conference; the laboratory report itself was not inspected."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'\"Who hasn't received aid from me? What are your needs right now?\" Prabowo appears to ask viewers in the clip posted in November'; 'Those ensnared by the message were asked to contact a WhatsApp number and hand over between Rp 250,000 and Rp 1 million ($15-$60) as an \"administrative fee\" to get aid that never materialised'; 'AFP's fact-checkers found the account behind the Prabowo clip has posted dozens of similar videos appearing to show various high-profile figures, including Vice President Gibran Rakabuming Raka'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"'Bisa mulai dari Rp 250.000, Rp 500.000, Rp 700.000, sampai dengan Rp 1 juta'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"AFP reported that a clip posted in November on Instagram showed President Prabowo appearing to ask viewers 'Who hasn't received aid from me? What are your needs right now?', that those drawn in were told to contact a WhatsApp number and pay Rp 250,000 to Rp 1 million as an 'administrative fee', and that AFP's fact-checkers found the account behind the clip had posted dozens of similar videos of other high-profile figures, including Vice President Gibran Rakabuming Raka, promoting the bogus aid.","causal_attribution":"AFP's own observation of the clip and account; the article does not say whether this account is one of the two run by the arrested suspects. The Rp 250,000 to Rp 1 million range is also the police's own figure for the first suspect's victims (detikNews, 24 January 2025)."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'AMA dilaksanakan tahap 2 di kantor Kejaksaan Negeri Lampung Tengah, Provinsi Lampung pada hari selasa tanggal 15 April 2025. Sedangkan tersangka inisial JS dilaksanakan tahap 2 di kantor Kejaksaan Negeri Pekalongan Kota pada hari Senin tanggal 28 April 2025'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s8"},{"locator":"'telah dilakukannya tahap II kepada Kejari Lampung Tengah untuk pelaku atas nama A.M.A'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s7"}],"assertion":"Police said in April 2025 that the investigation of both suspects was complete and the suspects and evidence were handed to prosecutors: the first suspect to the Central Lampung district prosecutor on 15 April 2025 and the second to the Pekalongan city district prosecutor on 28 April 2025.","causal_attribution":"Police statements relayed by detikNews; no prosecution or court record was inspected and no trial outcome is reported."}],"effects":[{"label":"viewers who believed deepfake videos of the president offering aid transferred money as 'administrative fees' for aid that never existed","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7747352/5-fakta-sindikat-deepfake-catut-prabowo-dibongkar-bareskrim-polri","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"id","translation_note":"Indonesian-language article read by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09 and translated by it for this record; no human translator or reviewer read the article. detikNews, 24 January 2025, relaying the Bareskrim cyber directorate press conference of 23 January 2025 on the first arrest; HTTP 200.","independence_group":"bareskrim-polri-cyber-directorate-statements-2025"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7767736/pelaku-deepfake-catut-prabowo-beroperasi-sejak-2024-sudah-tipu-100-orang","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"id","translation_note":"Indonesian-language article read by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09 and translated by it for this record; no human translator or reviewer read the article. detikNews, 7 February 2025, relaying the Bareskrim press conference of 7 February 2025 on the second arrest; HTTP 200.","independence_group":"bareskrim-polri-cyber-directorate-statements-2025"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7767817/bareskrim-lakukan-analisis-forensik-deepfake-catut-prabowo-100-palsu","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"id","translation_note":"Indonesian-language article read by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09 and translated by it for this record; no human translator or reviewer read the article. detikNews, 7 February 2025, relaying the police account of the digital forensic laboratory analysis; HTTP 200.","independence_group":"bareskrim-polri-cyber-directorate-statements-2025"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7768029/pelaku-deepfake-catut-presiden-prabowo-raup-untung-hingga-rp-65-juta","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"id","translation_note":"Indonesian-language article read by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09 and translated by it for this record; no human translator or reviewer read the article. detikNews, 7 February 2025, relaying the police figures on victims and proceeds; HTTP 200.","independence_group":"bareskrim-polri-cyber-directorate-statements-2025"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7768567/fakta-fakta-bareskrim-kembali-tangkap-pelaku-deepfake-catut-prabowo","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"id","translation_note":"Indonesian-language article read by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09 and translated by it for this record; no human translator or reviewer read the article. detikNews, 8 February 2025, summary of both arrests from the two police press conferences; HTTP 200.","independence_group":"bareskrim-polri-cyber-directorate-statements-2025"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/03/03/victims-swindled-by-scams-using-president-prabowo-deepfakes.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09; no translation was involved and no human reviewer read the article. The Jakarta Post, 3 March 2025, carrying an AFP report that describes the November clip, relays the February police figures and reports AFP Fact Check findings about the posting account; HTTP 200.","independence_group":"afp-report-and-fact-check-2025-03-02"},{"id":"s7","url":"https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7883615/bareskrim-limpahkan-berkas-2-tersangka-deepfake-catut-prabowo-ke-kejaksaan","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"id","translation_note":"Indonesian-language article read by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09 and translated by it for this record; no human translator or reviewer read the article. detikNews, 24 April 2025, relaying a written police statement on the handover of the case files to prosecutors; HTTP 200.","independence_group":"bareskrim-polri-cyber-directorate-statements-2025"},{"id":"s8","url":"https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7893748/2-tersangka-deepfake-catut-prabowo-segera-diadili","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"id","translation_note":"Indonesian-language article read by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09 and translated by it for this record; no human translator or reviewer read the article. detikNews, 30 April 2025, relaying the police statement on the completed handover of both suspects to prosecutors; HTTP 200.","independence_group":"bareskrim-polri-cyber-directorate-statements-2025"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["finance","public_services","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["The exact number of people who paid and the amount each paid; police gave approximate totals only.","When the first deepfake video of President Prabowo was posted; AFP describes a clip posted in November (2024) and police say the second suspect operated since 2024, while the first suspect is said to have defrauded people since 2020 (not necessarily with videos of the president). Police also said the first suspect made about Rp 30 million 'in four months' (detikNews, 24 January 2025), which, if counted back from his 16 January 2025 arrest, reaches about September 2024; the bodies do not say which months.","Whether the account AFP examined belongs to either arrested suspect.","Whether the person police said prepared or edited the first suspect's videos, wanted as of 23 January 2025, was arrested.","AFP (carried by The Jakarta Post, 3 March 2025) described the second arrested person as 'involved in another scam that also used deepfake technology', while police described the second arrest as a development of the first case ('pengembangan dari kasus sebelumnya', detikNews 7 February 2025); whether the two suspects' videos were connected is not established.","The deepfake tool or service used.","The outcome of the prosecutions."],"geography":{"basis":"The suspects were arrested in Lampung province, Indonesia; police said the videos were uploaded to Instagram, that they had recorded 11 victims of the first suspect from five Indonesian provinces, and that the second suspect's victims came from 20 Indonesian provinces, most from East Java, Central Java and Papua (detikNews, 24 January and 7 February 2025, relaying Bareskrim). The case was handed to Indonesian district prosecutors, but no court proceeding is reported, so court_countries is left empty.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["ID"],"affected_person_countries":["ID"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a police-reported bounded series: Indonesia's national police described, at two press conferences and in later statements relayed by detikNews, deepfake videos of the president and other officials offering aid, the forensic finding that the video was a deepfake, the 'administrative fee' demands and the approximate proceeds and victim figures; AFP separately described a clip and the posting account. All claims are attributed to the police or AFP, counts are left unquantified, the suspects are not named, and no victim is identified.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-09"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Police said the suspects made or spread videos produced with deepfake technology using a face and voice resembling President Prabowo Subianto and other officials, in which the figure offers government aid; AFP described one such clip in which the president appears to ask viewers who has not yet received aid from him. Police said the Bareskrim digital forensic laboratory found a deepfake face in the video with a score of nearly 100% fake and frames combined through editing. The videos impersonated the officials toward the viewers (depicted_or_impersonated) and addressed them directly as a speaking persona (communicated_with), and police connect them to the harm: viewers who contacted the attached number paid 'administrative fees' for aid that never existed. The tool used is not identified, the forensic report itself was not inspected, and the charges have not been tested at trial.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated","communicated_with"]},"name":"Indonesia: police say deepfake videos of President Prabowo offering aid led viewers to pay fake 'administrative fees'; two suspects arrested in early 2025","summary":"Indonesian police say a 29-year-old man and a 25-year-old in Lampung province made or spread AI deepfake videos showing President Prabowo Subianto, Finance Minister Sri Mulyani and other officials offering government aid, with a WhatsApp number attached. According to police, viewers who contacted the number were asked to transfer an 'administrative fee' and promised a disbursement that never existed; police recorded 11 victims of the first suspect from five provinces, and the second suspect alone is said by police to have taken roughly Rp 65 million from roughly 100 people in 20 provinces since December 2024. A police forensic laboratory reported the video as a deepfake with a near-100% fake score. The suspects were arrested on 16 January and 4 February 2025 and handed to prosecutors in April 2025.","incidentDate":"2024-11-01","incidentEndDate":"2025-02-04","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"single_interaction","reportedDate":"2025-01-24","aiSystem":"Deepfake video tool, not identified, which police say was used to make videos with a face and voice resembling President Prabowo Subianto and other officials offering government aid; a Bareskrim forensic laboratory reported a deepfake face-detection score of nearly 100% fake","aiProduct":"Unidentified video tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["financial_loss"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Police say viewers who believed the deepfake videos paid 'administrative fees' for aid that never existed; police put the second suspect's proceeds at roughly Rp 65 million from roughly 100 people and the first suspect's at about Rp 30 million in four months.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":11,"affectedCountStatus":"partial","affectedCountEvidence":"Police said on 23 January 2025 that they had recorded 11 victims of the first suspect's videos, from Central Java, East Java, South Sumatra, Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi, with individual losses from Rp 250,000 to Rp 1 million and about Rp 30 million in total (detikNews, 24 January 2025); that recorded count is the minimum. For the second suspect police gave only an approximation ('kurang lebih 100 orang', about 100 people), which is not a documented minimum and is left unquantified. The victims were deceived by videos made or spread by others, so none is counted as a direct AI user.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"ID","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7767736/pelaku-deepfake-catut-prabowo-beroperasi-sejak-2024-sudah-tipu-100-orang","primarySourceLabel":"detikNews, 7 February 2025: police say the second deepfake suspect operated since 2024 and deceived about 100 people","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-09T03:36:41.306212+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-09T03:36:41.306212+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","impersonation","fraud","government_aid","instagram","whatsapp","criminal_charges","indonesia"]},{"id":"2024-man-ai-fake-nude-images-of-female-relatives-27-months-jail","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'He also used AI to create fake nude images of other female relatives and shared some of them with his cousin.'; 'Investigations also found that the man had used AI to create fake nude images of his relatives.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"A man used AI to create fake nude images of female relatives and shared some of them with a male cousin.","causal_attribution":"Stomp, citing Shin Min Daily News, reports this as a finding of the investigation; no court record was inspected."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'who was also involved in creating and distributing the AI-generated images.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The cousin who received some of the images was also involved in creating and distributing the AI-generated images.","causal_attribution":"Stomp, citing Shin Min Daily News; no outcome for the cousin is reported."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'including secret recordings of female relatives showering and other AI-generated nude images.'; 'made another police report on Jan 22.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"A family member found AI-generated nude images, together with secret recordings of female relatives showering, on another phone the man had borrowed after his release on bail, and made a further police report.","causal_attribution":"Stomp, citing Shin Min Daily News."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'after pleading guilty to four of 10 charges involving the taking, distribution and possession of intimate images.'; 'The remaining charges were taken into consideration for sentencing.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'被判坐牢两年三个月'; '他日前承认其中四项，其余控状交由法官下判时一并考虑。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The man was sentenced to 27 months’ jail after pleading guilty to four of ten charges involving the taking, distribution and possession of intimate images, with the remaining charges taken into consideration.","causal_attribution":"Stomp, citing Shin Min Daily News; the report does not say which charges concerned the AI-made images."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'A man secretly filmed his wife and other female relatives while they were showering, then shared their nude images with other people.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Separately from the AI images, the man secretly filmed family members showering and sent screenshots and images to other men.","causal_attribution":"Stomp, citing Shin Min Daily News. These recordings were not AI-made and are context for the case."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Another female relative said the incident left her depressed and unable to eat or sleep properly.'; 'stopped posting photos of herself or her family online.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'这起事件让她陷入抑郁，难过得寝食难安。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"One female relative said the incident left her depressed and unable to eat or sleep properly, and she stopped posting photos of herself or her family online.","causal_attribution":"Stomp, citing Shin Min Daily News; the report does not say whether this relative was among those depicted in the AI images."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'the court ordered that the media not publish any information that could identify them'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'法官令媒体不得报道任何会泄露其身份的资料，包括被告名字。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The court ordered that the media not publish any information that could identify the victims, including the man’s name.","causal_attribution":"Stomp and the Lianhe Zaobao summary of the Shin Min report (one chain)."}],"effects":[{"label":"female relatives were depicted without consent in AI-made fake nude images that a family member created and shared with a cousin","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.stomp.sg/trending-now/man-films-wife-and-mother-showering-sends-fake-nudes-female-relatives-cousin-gets-27-months-jail","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-06 (HTTP 200); no translation was involved and no human reviewer read the article. Stomp (Singapore Press Holdings community news site) attributes the account to Shin Min Daily News, which was not read; Stomp and Shin Min form one reporting chain. A Mothership report of 3 October 2026 on the same sentencing appeared in a Google News feed but could not be located on the publisher site and was not read.","independence_group":"shinmin-stomp-sg-relatives-images"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.zaobao.com.sg/news/singapore/story20261003-9777995","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read in Chinese by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-06 (HTTP 200) and translated by the research agent (an AI); no human translator or reviewer was involved. Lianhe Zaobao summary of the Shin Min Daily News report of 3 October 2026, filed under its Singapore news section; it refers readers to the full Shin Min print report and does not itself mention the AI images. Same reporting chain as Stomp.","independence_group":"shinmin-stomp-sg-relatives-images"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["relationships","privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["How many relatives were depicted in the AI images and which of them were harmed; the report uses the plural without a number.","When the AI images were made; the report dates the secret filming to 2024 and the discovery of the second phone after the man’s release on bail.","Which of the charges concerned the AI-made images, and the court and sentencing date.","Any outcome for the cousin who helped create and distribute the AI images.","Which AI tool was used."],"geography":{"basis":"Neither inspected body names the country, the court or the place of the offences. Stomp and Lianhe Zaobao file the report as local news, but a publisher or its section does not establish a country, so none is recorded.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (depicted_or_impersonated): Stomp, citing Shin Min Daily News, reports that investigations found a man used AI to create fake nude images of female relatives and shared some with a cousin who helped make and distribute them, and that he was jailed for 27 months on intimate-image charges. Non-consensual sexual depiction is the harm. A court order bars identifying the victims, so no ages, names or specific relationships of the depicted relatives are given here.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-06"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Stomp, citing Shin Min Daily News, reports that investigations found the man used AI to create fake nude images of his female relatives, that he shared some with a male cousin who was also involved in creating and distributing the AI-generated images, and that AI-generated nude images were among the material later found on a phone he had borrowed. The AI tool generated the nude depictions of the relatives, which is the harm counted here. The secret shower recordings in the same case were not AI-made. No tool is named.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Man who used AI to make fake nude images of female relatives, alongside secret shower recordings, jailed 27 months, outlet reports","summary":"Stomp reported on 4 October 2026, citing Shin Min Daily News, that a man was sentenced to 27 months’ jail after pleading guilty to four of ten charges involving the taking, distribution and possession of intimate images. According to the report, he secretly filmed female family members showering from 2024 and shared images with other men, and investigations also found that he used AI to create fake nude images of female relatives. He shared some of the AI images with a male cousin, who was also involved in creating and distributing them. AI-generated nude images and secret recordings were found on another phone he had borrowed after his release on bail, and a family member made a further police report. One female relative said the incident left her depressed and unable to eat or sleep properly. The court barred the media from publishing information that could identify the victims, including the man’s name.","incidentDate":"2024-01-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"year","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-10-04","aiSystem":"An unnamed AI tool used to create fake nude images of the man’s female relatives, per Stomp citing Shin Min Daily News","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Female relatives were depicted without consent in AI-made fake nude images that a man created and shared with a cousin, according to Stomp citing Shin Min Daily News; he was jailed for 27 months on intimate-image charges that also covered secret shower recordings.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"unquantified","affectedCountEvidence":"The report says the man used AI to create fake nude images of \"other female relatives\" and of \"his relatives\" without giving a number, so no reliable count of the depicted relatives exists and the numeric zero is a placeholder. Family members harmed only by the non-AI secret recordings are not counted here.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.stomp.sg/trending-now/man-films-wife-and-mother-showering-sends-fake-nudes-female-relatives-cousin-gets-27-months-jail","primarySourceLabel":"Stomp, 4 October 2026: Man films wife and mother showering, sends fake nudes of female relatives to cousin, gets 27 months’ jail","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-06T03:23:16.720676+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-06T03:23:16.720676+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","ai-nude-images","image-based-sexual-abuse","family","criminal-sentence","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2026-adelaide-yeates-deepfake-graduation-photo-first-federal-prosecution","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Netherby resident William Hamish Yeates, 19, appeared in the Adelaide Magistrates Court on Wednesday charged with eight counts of creating or altering sexual material without consent'; 'The Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions confirmed the case was the first prosecution of its type in SA.'; 'is also facing 12 counts of using a carriage service in a harassing or offensive way, a charge that carries a maximum prison term of five years'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"On 25 February 2026 William Hamish Yeates, 19, of Netherby, appeared in the Adelaide Magistrates Court charged with eight counts of creating or altering sexual material without consent, a Commonwealth offence introduced in 2024 against deepfake pornography, and 12 counts of using a carriage service in a harassing or offensive way; the Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions said it was the first prosecution of its type in South Australia and a suppression order on his identity was lifted.","causal_attribution":"Court reporting by the ABC of the charges as read in court."},{"id":"c2","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'pleaded guilty to two counts of creating or altering sexual material without consent between October 2024 and February 2025.'; 'Yeates also pleaded guilty to two counts of using a carriage service in a harassing or offensive way.'; 'The first person in Australia to be charged under new deepfake laws has admitted his guilt'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'He pleaded guilty in April to two counts of creating or altering sexual material without consent between October 2024 and February 2025, and two counts of using a carriage service in a harassing or offensive way.'; 'William Hamish Yeates, now aged 20, is the first person to be prosecuted under federal laws introduced in 2024 to combat adult deepfake pornography.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'The 20-year-old was the first person in Australia to be charged under federal laws introduced in 2024 to combat the rise of deepfake pornography.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"On 15 April 2026 he pleaded guilty to two counts of creating or altering sexual material without consent between October 2024 and February 2025 and two counts of using a carriage service in a harassing or offensive way, and he is the first person prosecuted in Australia under the 2024 federal deepfake law.","causal_attribution":"Guilty pleas recorded in court and reported by two independent court reporters."},{"id":"c3","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'The offending, which occurred between October 2024 and February 2025, involved the creation of sexually explicit deepfake images and videos of his victim that he shared online.'; 'The first time I saw my actual graduation picture was on a pornography website'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'The material was distributed across multiple accounts on the social media platform, X.'; 'The first time I saw my actual graduation photo was on a pornographic website'; 'confronted the man behind doctoring her graduation photo'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'on the social media platform X and that he was'; 'used two different X accounts on 12 occasions between September 2024 and February 2025'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The offending involved creating sexually explicit deepfake images and videos of the victim from her graduation photograph and sharing them across accounts on X; she told the court the first time she saw her actual graduation picture was on a pornography website.","causal_attribution":"The pleas establish that he created and shared the material; the X accounts are in the court documents reported by ABC in February and in AAP's account; the pornography-website detail is the victim's statement to the court, reported by both outlets."},{"id":"c4","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'these images of me were fake but the impact they had is painfully real.'; 'Every time I now see that photo, I feel sick.'; 'of her life but said she would not let it define her.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'These images of me were fake, but the impact they had is painfully real.'; 'she would not let it dictate her world'; 'I will heal from this.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"In her victim impact statement she said the images were fake but their impact was painfully real, that she feels sick every time she sees her graduation photo, and that she would not let it define her or dictate her world.","causal_attribution":"The victim's own statement to the court, quoted by both court reporters."},{"id":"c5","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'a psychologist had diagnosed the 20-year-old with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)'; 'She asked the court not to sentence Yeates to time behind bars'; 'My actions were repulsive and will continue to plague my mind for as long as I breathe'; 'Yeates faces a maximum penalty of seven years behind bars and will be sentenced next month.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'Yeates read an apology in court, saying he was in a constant state of self-loathing and shame.'; 'his diagnoses of autism, compulsive sexual behaviour disorder and persistent adjustment disorder'; 'was warranted, the prosector said'; 'Judge Anne Barnett will sentence Yeates on October 22.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"At the pre-sentence hearing on 22 September 2026 Yeates read an apology calling his actions repulsive; his counsel cited diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder and compulsive sexual behaviour disorder and asked for no custody; the Commonwealth prosecutor argued for a custodial sentence; sentencing is in October 2026.","causal_attribution":"Submissions made in open court and reported by both outlets."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'offending resulted in the'; 'of her life but said she would not let it define her.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"She said the discovery of the offending resulted in the darkest period of her life.","causal_attribution":"The victim's statement as paraphrased by the ABC; AAP does not carry this line."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'The body in those images were not mine, but you somehow made me hate my body'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"The Sun quotes her as saying the body in the images was not hers but he had made her hate her body; the line does not appear in the ABC or AAP reports.","causal_attribution":"The Sun's rendering of her statement; not in the two independent court reports."},{"id":"c8","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'beside altered videos of me with my full name and school attached to it.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"She told the court that the pornography website showed her real graduation photo beside altered videos of her with her full name and school attached.","causal_attribution":"The victim's statement as quoted by the ABC; AAP's quotation stops at the website."},{"id":"c9","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'The 19-year-old was initially charged with 20 offences, but the Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions (CDPP) withdrew those counts in lieu of the pleas to the four charges.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"He had initially been charged with 20 offences; the Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions withdrew those counts in lieu of the pleas to the four charges.","causal_attribution":"ABC court reporting of the April 2026 hearing."},{"id":"c10","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Judge Anne Barnett will sentence Yeates on October 22.'; 'This gross material will be forever in perpetuity online'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"AAP reports that Judge Anne Barnett will sentence him on 22 October 2026 and that the prosecutor said the material will be online in perpetuity.","causal_attribution":"AAP court reporting; the ABC gives October without a date or the judge's name."}],"effects":[{"label":"a teenage girl was depicted in sexually explicit deepfake images and videos posted on X and on a pornography website; she describes lasting distress and the prosecutor said the material will remain online","claim_id":"c3","direction":"negative"},{"label":"she describes the discovery as the darkest period of her life and feeling sick at her own graduation photo","claim_id":"c6","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-02-25/william-yeates-charged-deepfake-image-creation/106387272","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en-AU","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-23 (ABC News, Eva Blandis, 25 February 2026, updated 27 February): charges, suppression order lifted, first prosecution of its type in SA, court-document allegations.","independence_group":"abc"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-04-15/sa-teen-pleads-guilty-over-deepfake-images/106567132","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en-AU","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-23 (ABC News, Eva Blandis, 15 April 2026): guilty pleas, withdrawal of the other counts, committal to the District Court.","independence_group":"abc"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-09-22/survivor-of-first-australian-charged-under-deepfake-laws-speaks/107180484","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en-AU","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-23 (ABC News, Eva Blandis, 22 September 2026): pre-sentence hearing, victim impact statement, apology, defence and prosecution submissions.","independence_group":"abc"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.easternriverinachronicle.com.au/story/9355441/i-will-heal-deepfake-porn-survivors-courageous-vow/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en-au","translation_note":"Read live on 2026-09-23 (Australian Associated Press, Abe Maddison, 22 September 2026, published by the Eastern Riverina Chronicle; an identical copy ran in The Singleton Argus): the same hearing with additional quotations and the 22 October sentencing date.","independence_group":"aap"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/40457969/law-student-created-deepfake-nudes-teen-girl/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read on 2026-09-23 through the r.jina.ai reader proxy (the live page returned a shell). Foreign-desk rewrite carrying the ABC and AAP quotations; adds that he was a second-year University of Adelaide law student and had become infatuated with the girl. Its text tracks the AAP copy (same quotations and truncations), so it shares the AAP independence group and is not used to corroborate any claim.","independence_group":"aap"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["everyday_life","justice"],"unknowns":["The software used to make the images and videos.","The victim's exact age at the time of the offending (a teenage girl finishing school; now 19).","The sentence, due on 22 October 2026.","Whether the material has been removed from the pornography website and X (the prosecutor said it will remain online).","Whether the two X accounts were his own or anonymous.","The date he was charged (the 25 February 2026 report covers a court appearance, not the charging)."],"geography":{"basis":"The offender lived in Netherby, Adelaide, and was prosecuted in the Adelaide Magistrates Court and the South Australian District Court (ABC, AAP); the victim delivered her statement in person in the Adelaide court (ABC, AAP); her residence and school are not reported. Court: South Australia (Commonwealth prosecution in a state court).","court_countries":["AU"],"event_countries":["AU"],"affected_person_countries":["AU"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a harmful-artifact case with a criminal record: guilty pleas under Australia's 2024 deepfake offence and a victim impact statement given in open court, reported by ABC News across three hearings and independently by the Australian Associated Press at the pre-sentence hearing. The victim is unnamed and not further identified here; the adult defendant is named as in the court reporting after the suppression order was lifted.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-23"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The offence to which he pleaded guilty is creating or altering sexual material without consent under the Commonwealth deepfake provisions; ABC and AAP describe the material as sexually explicit deepfake images and videos made from her graduation photograph. The software used is not identified.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Adelaide: a law student who turned a teenage girl's school graduation photograph into sexually explicit deepfake images and videos shared across accounts on X, in Australia's first prosecution under the 2024 federal deepfake law, heard her victim impact statement at a pre-sentence hearing on 22 September 2026; she told the court the fake images had a 'painfully real' impact and that she first saw her real graduation photo on a pornography website beside the altered videos with her full name and school","summary":"William Hamish Yeates, then 18, of Netherby in Adelaide, created sexually explicit deepfake images and videos of a teenage girl with whom, his counsel said, he had developed an obsession (The Sun describes her as a former friend), using her school graduation photograph, and shared them across multiple accounts on X between October 2024 and February 2025. Appearing in court in February 2026 charged with eight counts of creating or altering sexual material without consent and 12 counts of using a carriage service in a harassing or offensive way, he became the first person in Australia prosecuted under the Commonwealth offence introduced in 2024 against adult deepfake pornography; in April 2026 he pleaded guilty to two counts of creating or altering sexual material without consent (October 2024 to February 2025) and two of the carriage-service offence, and the remaining counts were withdrawn. At a pre-sentence hearing in the South Australian District Court on 22 September 2026 the victim, now 19, told the court that the first time she saw her actual graduation picture was on a pornography website beside altered videos of her with her full name and school attached, that she feels sick whenever she sees the photo, that the discovery led to the darkest period of her life, and that although the images were fake their impact was painfully real. Yeates read an apology; his counsel cited diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder and compulsive sexual behaviour disorder and asked for no custody; the Commonwealth prosecutor sought imprisonment. Sentencing is listed for 22 October 2026.","incidentDate":"2024-10-01","incidentEndDate":"2025-02-28","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"range","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-02-25","aiSystem":"AI image and video manipulation ('deepfake') software; the tools are not identified in the court reporting","aiProduct":"Unidentified image and video tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"A teenage girl was depicted in sexually explicit deepfake images and videos made from her graduation photograph and posted across accounts on X and, with her full name and school attached, on a pornography website; in court she described lasting distress (feeling sick at her own graduation photo; the darkest period of her life) and the prosecutor said the material will remain online. The offender's guilty pleas establish that he made and shared the material; the harms are the victim's own account given in court.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"established","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One victim: every report refers to a single teenage girl (the alleged victim; his victim), and the pleas concern material depicting her. Exact 1.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"AU","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"pending","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-09-22/survivor-of-first-australian-charged-under-deepfake-laws-speaks/107180484","primarySourceLabel":"ABC News (Australia), 22 September 2026: Woman tells court of 'painfully real' impacts of sexually explicit deepfake images","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-23T03:45:53.574177+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:23.456953+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","australia","south-australia","adelaide","criminal-charges","non-consensual-images","x-twitter","first-prosecution","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2024-zurich-oerlikon-daycare-stabbing-chatgpt-planning","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'Ein Knabe wird von der 8,5 Zentimeter langen Klinge am Hals und am Oberkörper lebensgefährlich verletzt'; 'Den einen der beiden trifft der Täter am Herzen: Der Herzbeutel und die Brustschlagader werden durchtrennt'; 'Der andere wird an der Lunge und am Ohr verletzt'; 'Sie stoppt den Täter, schreit ihn an und hält seine Arme fest, bis er das Messer fallen lässt'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Zwei Knaben erlitten lebensgefährliche Stichverletzungen im Hals- und Brustbereich. Ein weiteres Kind wurde an der Schulter und am Ohr verletzt.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Am 01. Oktober 2024 verletzte eine männliche Person an der Berninastrasse in Oerlikon mit einer Stichwaffe mehrere Kinder.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s7"}],"assertion":"On 1 October 2024 at midday in Zurich-Oerlikon the accused stabbed three five-year-old boys who were walking with a daycare worker to their Hort; two suffered life-threatening neck and chest wounds and the third was wounded in the ear and the shoulder or lung; the daycare worker restrained him until he dropped the knife.","causal_attribution":"Attack attributed to the accused by the prosecutor's office and the court; he confessed."},{"id":"c2","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'Mit Chat-GPT diskutiert er verschiedene Tötungsvarianten und deren Konsequenzen, das geht aus der Anklageschrift hervor.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'recherchierte mittels ChatGPT die juristischen Konsequenzen von Tötungsdelikten'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Selon l'acte d'accusation, il s'était informé avec ChatGPT, en août 2024, à propos des conséquences juridiques d'homicides à l'arme blanche sur des victimes visées au hasard ou encore au sujet de l'anatomie du corps humain.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"According to the indictment and the court, the accused used ChatGPT in August and September 2024 to research ways of killing and their legal consequences, including knife killings of randomly chosen victims, and human anatomy.","causal_attribution":"Stated by the prosecution in the indictment and adopted in the court's reasoning; no prompt or reply is quoted."},{"id":"c3","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'er wisse auch nicht, warum er mithilfe von Chat-GPT versucht habe, herauszufinden, wann und wo in Oerlikon Kinder anzutreffen seien'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Deck: 'Mit «ChatGPT» recherchierte er, wo und wann er in Zürich Kinder antreffen könnte'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"'Am 18. September fragt er die Software, wo und wann er in der Stadt Zürich Kinder antreffen könne' (as recorded in the 2026-09-09 signal review)","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"The accused used ChatGPT to try to find out where and when children could be encountered in Zurich (Oerlikon).","causal_attribution":"Reported from the indictment; whether the query produced the Hort's location is not stated by any source."},{"id":"c4","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'verurteilt den Studenten wegen mehrfachen versuchten Mordes zu fünfzehn Jahren Freiheitsstrafe. Weiter wird eine vollzugsbegleitende ambulante Therapie verordnet'; 'Genugtuung in der Gesamthöhe von 106 000 Franken'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'wegen mehrfachen versuchten Mordes zu 15 Jahren Freiheitsstrafe verurteilt'; 'Zudem wird der Täter für 15 Jahre des Landes verwiesen.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'condamné à verser aux trois garçons 30'000 francs et deux fois 38'000 francs pour préjudice moral. Le tribunal a également prononcé une interdiction de territoire de 15 ans'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"On 18 September 2026 the Zurich District Court convicted the accused of multiple attempted murder and imposed 15 years' imprisonment, ambulatory therapy during custody, a 15-year expulsion and CHF 106,000 in moral damages to the three boys.","causal_attribution":"Court judgment as reported; RTS rounds the damages to 100,000 francs."},{"id":"c5","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'Er attestiert dem jungen Chinesen eine akute psychotische Störung'; 'Der Täter konnte uns nicht glaubhaft darlegen, dass die Stimmen derart drängend waren, dass er sich ihnen nicht hätte entziehen können.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'verneinten jedoch eine komplette Schuldunfähigkeit. Der Täter habe nicht glaubhaft darlegen können, dass die Stimmen derart drängend gewesen seien'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"A forensic psychiatrist diagnosed an acute psychotic disorder and considered the accused unable to control his actions; the court accepted the illness but found he had not credibly shown the voices were irresistible, and convicted him with diminished responsibility.","causal_attribution":"Expert opinion and court finding as reported."},{"id":"c6","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'Er macht sich bis heute Vorwürfe, dass er nicht schneller zum Hort gerannt ist. Er kann schlecht einschlafen, weil er Angst hat vor seinen Träumen. Fast jede Nacht wacht er auf.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'ihr Sohn seither unter schrecklichen Träumen leide und sich Vorwürfe mache, weil er beim Angriff nicht schnell genug in den rettenden Hort rennen konnte'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The parents of one injured boy told the court, 23 months after the attack, that he blames himself for not running faster, sleeps badly for fear of his dreams, wakes almost every night and is constantly asked about the scar on his nose.","causal_attribution":"Parents' letter read in court, attributing the effects to the attack."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'son avocat qui a annoncé aux médias qu'il faisait appel de ce jugement qui n'est pas encore entré en force'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'Son avocat a annoncé faire appel du jugement.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"The defence announced an appeal against the judgment.","causal_attribution":"Single agency chain (Keystone-ATS)."},{"id":"c8","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Am 18. September fragt er die Software, wo und wann er in der Stadt Zürich Kinder antreffen könne'; 'Am 28. September studierte er ... über Google und ChatGPT anatomische Darstellungen des menschlichen Kopfes, Halses und Oberkörpers sowie der Blutgefässe' (2026-09-09 signal review)","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"'en août 2024' for the legal-consequences and anatomy queries","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Blick's reading of the indictment dates the ChatGPT sessions to 8 August 2024 (legal consequences of variants of killing random victims by stabbing), 18 September 2024 (where and when to find children in Zurich) and 28 September 2024 (anatomy via Google and ChatGPT).","causal_attribution":"Dates as reported from the indictment; only the August dating has a second chain."}],"effects":[{"label":"three five-year-old boys were stabbed, two with life-threatening neck and chest wounds","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"one boy's parents describe nightmares, self-blame and scars 23 months after the attack","claim_id":"c6","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.nzz.ch/zuerich/messerattacke-oerlikon-chinese-zu-15-jahren-freiheitsstrafe-verurteilt-ld.10024179","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Read in German on 2026-09-19 (NZZ, 18 September 2026, own court reporter; full body served to curl). Quotations translated by the reviewer.","independence_group":"nzz"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.nau.ch/news/schweiz/messerstecher-von-oerlikon-muss-15-jahre-in-haft-67178142","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Read in German on 2026-09-19 (Nau.ch, 18 September 2026). The text matches the Keystone-SDA verdict report and is grouped with it.","independence_group":"keystone-sda-ats"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.rts.ch/info/regions/autres-cantons/2026/article/zurich-l-auteur-de-l-attaque-au-couteau-condamne-a-15-ans-de-prison-29361349.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"fr","translation_note":"Read in French on 2026-09-19 (RTS, 18 September 2026). Carries the Keystone-ATS verdict report with the psychiatric-expert dating and the appeal announcement; grouped with the agency chain. The page's AI-generated summary was not used.","independence_group":"keystone-sda-ats"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.20min.ch/fr/story/zurich-l-auteur-de-l-attaque-au-couteau-d-oerlikon-ecope-de-15-ans-103635523","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"fr","translation_note":"Read in French on 2026-09-19 (20 minutes, 18 September 2026), explicitly citing Keystone-ATS; gives the three moral-damages amounts.","independence_group":"keystone-sda-ats"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.limmattalerzeitung.ch/limmattal/zuerich/messerangriff-auf-hortkinder-in-zuerich-tat-minutioes-geplant-ld.4232969","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Limmattaler Zeitung (CH Media), 14 September 2026. On 2026-09-19 only the headline, deck and lead were served (paywall): 'Mit «ChatGPT» recherchierte er, wo und wann er in Zürich Kinder antreffen könnte'. The body was read by the 2026-09-14 signal review.","independence_group":"ch-media"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://www.blick.ch/schweiz/zuerich/drei-kindergaertler-in-zuerich-oerlikon-mit-messer-attackiert-und-schwer-verletzt-chinese-hatte-tat-zusammen-mit-chatgpt-geplant-id22244459.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Blick, 8 September 2026, reading of the indictment with the three dated ChatGPT sessions. Read in full via WebFetch on 2026-09-09 (signal review); curl returns a script shell. Not re-read today.","independence_group":"blick"},{"id":"s7","url":"https://www.zh.ch/de/news-uebersicht/medienmitteilungen/2024/10/241002_medienmitteilung_osta_oerlikon.html","kind":"official_statement","access":"read","language":"de","translation_note":"Read in German on 2026-09-19: Oberstaatsanwaltschaft des Kantons Zürich media release of 2 October 2024 (arrest, confession, age and residence status of the accused).","independence_group":"oberstaatsanwaltschaft-zh"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["justice","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["No source quotes the ChatGPT prompts or replies, or states whether the model answered, refused or warned; OpenAI is not reported to have alerted Swiss authorities.","Whether the 18 September 2024 query produced the location or route of the Hort is not stated.","The third boy's injury is given as the lung (NZZ) or the shoulder (Keystone-SDA), plus the ear in both.","RTS reports moral damages of 100,000 francs in total; NZZ and 20 minutes give 106,000 (30,000 + 2 × 38,000).","Whether the announced appeal has been lodged, and the outcome, are unknown; the judgment is not final.","The accused's real name is not published (press use a changed name)."],"geography":{"basis":"The attack took place at Berninastrasse, Zurich-Oerlikon (Oberstaatsanwaltschaft Zürich release of 2 October 2024); the children attended an Oerlikon kindergarten and Hort (NZZ: 'eine Gruppe Oerliker Kinder'); judgment by the Bezirksgericht Zürich on 18 September 2026 (NZZ, Nau, RTS).","court_countries":["CH"],"event_countries":["CH"],"affected_person_countries":["CH"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a court-established violent-harm case in which the AI system's involvement (planning research on ChatGPT) is described in the indictment and the court's reasoning and reported by three independent chains; the absence of quoted model replies limits claims about model behaviour and is recorded, not treated as an exclusion. Victims are unnamed minors; the accused is not named. Converted from a private monitoring signal after the 18 September 2026 verdict.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-19"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The indictment and the court's oral reasoning, as reported by three independent chains (NZZ's own court reporter; Keystone-SDA/ATS via Nau, RTS and 20 minutes; CH Media's Limmattaler Zeitung and Blick reading the indictment), state that the accused used ChatGPT between August and September 2024 to research the legal consequences of killing random victims by stabbing, ways of killing and their consequences, human anatomy, and where and when children could be found in Zurich, and on the morning of the attack to choose a meal. The AI system communicated with the user whose planned attack injured the children; that is why communicated_with is recorded although the children themselves did not use the system. No source quotes the prompts or ChatGPT's replies, so nothing is recorded about what the model answered or whether it refused or warned. The court attributed the planning and the attack to the accused; this record makes no causal claim about the model.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Zurich-Oerlikon, Switzerland: a student who researched killing methods, anatomy and where to find children with ChatGPT stabbed three five-year-olds walking to their daycare; sentenced on 18 September 2026 to 15 years for multiple attempted murder","summary":"At midday on 1 October 2024 a Chinese master's student, then 23, attacked a group of five-year-old kindergarten children walking with a daycare worker to their after-school Hort near Berninaplatz in Zurich-Oerlikon with a kitchen knife. Two boys suffered life-threatening neck and chest wounds (one had the jugular vein severed, one the pericardium and aorta cut); a third was wounded in the ear and the shoulder or lung. The daycare worker held the attacker's arms until he dropped the knife. The indictment and the court's oral reasoning, as reported by NZZ, Keystone-SDA/ATS and CH Media, describe weeks of preparation from summer 2024: he discussed ways of killing and their legal consequences with ChatGPT, studied anatomy, bought raw beef to practise stabbing, and used ChatGPT to find out where and when children could be encountered in Zurich. No source quotes the prompts or ChatGPT's replies. On 18 September 2026 the Zurich District Court convicted him of multiple attempted murder and imposed 15 years' imprisonment, treatment during custody, a 15-year expulsion from Switzerland and CHF 106,000 in moral damages to the three boys; it accepted that he was psychotic but found diminished, not absent, criminal responsibility. His lawyer announced an appeal. The parents of one boy described nightmares, self-blame and scars 23 months on.","incidentDate":"2024-10-01","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2024-10-02","aiSystem":"ChatGPT (OpenAI)","aiProduct":"ChatGPT","aiCompany":"OpenAI","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["physical_injury","hospitalization","psychological_distress","harm_to_others"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Three five-year-old boys were stabbed, two with life-threatening wounds requiring emergency surgery; one boy's parents describe persistent nightmares, self-blame and visible scars nearly two years later. The court found the attack was planned over weeks, including ChatGPT research described in the indictment; the record attributes the attack to the accused and makes no causal claim about the model.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"unclear","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":3,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"Three five-year-old boys were stabbed (Oberstaatsanwaltschaft release: 'mehrere Kinder'; NZZ and Keystone-SDA: three boys, two life-threateningly injured). Exact count of three. The daycare worker, parents and the accused are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"CH-ZH","platformType":"chatbot","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.nzz.ch/zuerich/messerattacke-oerlikon-chinese-zu-15-jahren-freiheitsstrafe-verurteilt-ld.10024179","primarySourceLabel":"Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 18 September 2026: Messerattacke von Oerlikon: «Besonders verwerflich war die Motivation» – chinesischer Student wegen mehrfachen versuchten Mordes schuldig gesprochen (court report from both trial days)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-19T03:12:16.848581+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:16:54.842738+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["chatgpt","knife-attack","children","switzerland","zurich","attempted-murder","planning-queries","court-verdict","psychosis"]},{"id":"2026-strahler-ohio-ai-deepfake-cyberstalking-take-it-down-act","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'sentenced last week in U.S. District Court to 180 months in prison'; 'pleaded guilty in April to cyberstalking, producing obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse and publication of digital forgeries'; 'the first in the Nation under the Take It Down Act'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'sentenced Sept. 8 in U.S. District Court in Columbus to 15 years in prison'; 'first in the nation to be convicted under a 2025 federal law'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'Chief U.S. District Court Judge Sarah D. Morrison handed down the 180-month sentence to 37-year-old James Strahler II on Tuesday'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"On 8 September 2026 James Strahler II was sentenced in U.S. District Court in Columbus to 180 months (15 years) after pleading guilty in April 2026 to cyberstalking, producing obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse and publication of digital forgeries; the U.S. Attorney described it as the first conviction under the Take It Down Act.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome reported by the prosecuting office and two independent local newsrooms."},{"id":"c2","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'used to harass at least six women in central Ohio between December 2024 and June 2025'; 'nude images of the victims that were both real and AI-generated'; 'used AI to create pornographic videos depicting one of the women engaged in sexual acts with her father'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'harass at least six adult female victims from December 2024 to June 2025'; 'generated pornographic videos using AI that depicted an adult victim in sexual acts with her father and sent those videos to the victim's co-workers'; 'threatened victims' mothers, demanding nude photos'; 'voicemails that included threats of rape'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'sent harassing messages to at least six women'; 'distributed those videos to the victim's coworkers or family members'; 'threaten rape'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Between December 2024 and June 2025 Strahler harassed at least six adult women in central Ohio with messages containing real and AI-generated nude images of them, threatened rape, referred to their addresses, threatened their mothers, and in one case sent AI-generated pornographic videos depicting a victim with her father to her co-workers.","causal_attribution":"Prosecutors' account of the offending, reported by three local newsrooms; the defendant pleaded guilty."},{"id":"c3","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'posted online AI-generated images of the faces of boys from his community that he would morph onto the bodies of other children or adults'; 'more than 700 images'; '2,400 images and videos on his cell phone were flagged'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'using the faces of minor boys from his community and morphing them onto the bodies of other children or adults'; 'more than 700 images'; '2,400 more flagged images and videos'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"Strahler also posted AI-generated sexual images of minor boys from his community, morphing their faces onto other bodies; more than 700 images were posted to a child sexual abuse website and about 2,400 further explicit files were found on his phone.","causal_attribution":"Prosecutors' account; part of the guilty plea to producing obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse."}],"effects":[{"label":"at least six women harassed with real and AI-generated nude images and rape threats; AI videos of one sent to her co-workers; boys depicted in AI abuse imagery","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://highlandcountypress.com/headlines/columbus-man-sentenced-15-years-prison-cyberstalking-exes-creating-ai-generated-obscene","kind":"official_statement_republished","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-18. Verbatim republication (16 Sep 2026) of the U.S. Attorney's Office, Southern District of Ohio press release; the justice.gov original (usao-sdoh/pr/columbus-man-sentenced-15-years-prison-cyberstalking-exes-creating-ai-generated) returns only a 1.5 kB shell to this host.","independence_group":"usao-sdoh"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.dispatch.com/story/news/courts/2026/09/08/james-strahler-sentenced-to-15-years-in-prison-for-ai-generated-porn/91664055007/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-18 (Columbus Dispatch, Shahid Meighan, 8 Sep 2026; served from the eu.dispatch.com mirror). Court reporting drawing on the USAO and court records.","independence_group":"dispatch"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.10tv.com/article/news/crime/columbus-man-15-years-cyberstalking-creating-ai-generated-obscene-material/530-f3a9a6c2-cf42-4011-a757-e65a624f8b9f","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-18 via the MSN content API copy (WBNS 10TV, 8 Sep 2026). Adds the Hilliard Police investigative history from court records.","independence_group":"10tv"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://abc6onyourside.com/news/local/man-sentenced-to-15-years-in-federal-prison-for-cyberstalking-creating-ai-deepfakes-us-district-court-judge-sarah-d-morrison-james-strahler-ii-take-it-down-act-nonconsensual-project-safe-childhood","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-18 via the MSN content API copy (WSYX ABC6, 8 Sep 2026). Names the sentencing judge and the threats to victims' mothers.","independence_group":"abc6"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["relationships","privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["The exact number of adult victims beyond 'at least six' and the number of boys depicted are not stated.","The AI tools used are not named in any inspected source.","Whether restitution or protective orders were imposed is not reported.","The status of the earlier local (state) charge is not reported."],"geography":{"basis":"Event: central Ohio (Columbus/Upper Arlington, Hilliard, Delaware County) per the USAO release and Dispatch. Victims are described as women in central Ohio. Court: U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Ohio, Columbus.","court_countries":["US"],"event_countries":["US"],"affected_person_countries":["US"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a harmful-artifact and impersonation case: identified adult women and local boys were depicted in AI-generated sexual imagery used for harassment and threats, a federal court sentenced the perpetrator, and four sources (the prosecuting office's release and three independent local newsrooms) were read. Victims are unnamed; the perpetrator is named in the court record and press.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-18"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The defendant pleaded guilty to publication of digital forgeries and producing obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse; prosecutors and the court record describe AI-generated nude images and AI-made videos of victims and AI-morphed images of boys. The AI tools depicted the affected people; they did not communicate with them.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Columbus, Ohio: a man was sentenced to 15 years for cyberstalking at least six women with real and AI-generated sexual images and rape threats, the first conviction under the Take It Down Act","summary":"Between December 2024 and June 2025 James Strahler II, then 37, of Columbus (Upper Arlington), Ohio, harassed at least six women in central Ohio by phone, voicemail, text and web posts, sending them nude images that were both real and AI-generated, threatening rape, referring to their home addresses and demanding nude photos from their mothers. In one case he used AI to make pornographic videos depicting a victim with her father and sent them to her co-workers. He also posted AI-generated sexual images of boys from his community, morphing their faces onto other bodies. Prosecutors said he had installed more than 24 AI platforms and more than 100 web-based AI models on his phone. He pleaded guilty in April 2026 to cyberstalking, producing obscene visual representations of child sexual abuse and publication of digital forgeries, and on 8 September 2026 Chief U.S. District Judge Sarah D. Morrison sentenced him to 180 months in prison. The U.S. Attorney called it the first conviction in the nation under the 2025 Take It Down Act.","incidentDate":"2024-12-01","incidentEndDate":"2025-06-30","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-09-08","aiSystem":"Generative AI image and video tools (not named; prosecutors said more than 24 AI platforms and over 100 web-based AI models were installed on the defendant's phone)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image and video tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"At least six women were sexually harassed and threatened with rape using real and AI-generated nude images of themselves, with AI videos of one victim sent to her co-workers; victims' mothers were threatened, and boys from the defendant's community were depicted in AI-generated sexual abuse imagery posted online. The perpetrator received 15 years in federal prison.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"established","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":6,"affectedCountStatus":"partial","affectedCountEvidence":"Prosecutors said Strahler harassed 'at least six' adult women (Dispatch, 10TV, ABC6). Their mothers, who were threatened, and the minor boys whose faces were used in AI-generated abuse imagery are additional harmed people without a stated count. Six counted plus unquantified others: partial.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"US","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://highlandcountypress.com/headlines/columbus-man-sentenced-15-years-prison-cyberstalking-exes-creating-ai-generated-obscene","primarySourceLabel":"U.S. Attorney's Office, Southern District of Ohio press release (republished by the Highland County Press, 16 Sep 2026): Columbus man sentenced to 15 years for cyberstalking exes and creating AI-generated obscene material of adults and children","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-18T03:25:07.926173+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:55.061125+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","ai-generated-imagery","ncii","cyberstalking","take-it-down-act","sextortion","united-states","ohio","criminal-conviction","depicted"]},{"id":"2024-incheon-teacher-deepfake-student-sentence","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'인천지법 형사1단독(부장판사 이창경)은 16일 선고공판에서... A(10대)군에게 장기 2년, 단기 1년6개월의 징역형을 선고했다'; '40시간의 성폭력 치료 프로그램 이수와 아동·청소년 관련 기관 취업제한 5년'; '도주 우려 등을 이유로 A군을 법정구속했다'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'장기 2년∼단기 1년6개월의 징역형을 선고하고 법정 구속했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'장기 2년, 단기 1년6개월의 징역형을 선고하고 법정 구속했다. 소년법상 만 19세 미만 미성년자에게는... 부정기형이 내려진다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"On 16 September 2026 the Incheon District Court (Criminal Division 1, Judge 이창경) sentenced the teenage defendant to an indeterminate term of 2 years maximum / 1 year 6 months minimum for violating the Sexual Violence Punishment Act (editing and distributing false sexual images), ordered 40 hours of treatment and a five-year child-institution employment ban, and detained him in court.","causal_attribution":"Sentence reported identically by three outlets from the sentencing hearing."},{"id":"c2","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'2024년 8월 인공지능을 이용해 교사 5명의 얼굴을 나체사진에 합성한 뒤 사회관계망서비스(SNS)에 유포한 혐의'; '모두 11명의 허위영상물을 35차례 제작'; ''지인 능욕'을 테마로 한 텔레그램 대화방'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'2024년 8월 인공지능(AI) 기술을 이용해 교사와 학생들의 얼굴을 나체 사진에 합성한 혐의'; '교사 5명과 함께 태권도 학원에 다닌 여중생 등 총 11명을 대상으로 35차례에 걸쳐 합성물을 제작, 텔레그램 '지인 능욕' 대화방 등에 유포'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'2024년 인천의 한 중학교에 재학하던 중 딥페이크 기술을 이용해 교사 등 20여명의 얼굴을 나체 사진과 영상에 합성한 뒤 SNS에 유포한 혐의' (the prosecution's figure of about twenty).","relation":"context","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"In 2024, while a middle-school student in Incheon, he used AI deepfake technology to composite the faces of five teachers and six female middle- and high-school students from his taekwondo academy onto nude photographs and videos, 35 productions of 11 people in all, and distributed them in Telegram 'acquaintance humiliation' chat rooms.","causal_attribution":"Court findings as reported; the 11-in-35 count is Hankyoreh's and Munhwa's, and Newsis's 'about twenty' is the prosecution's charge description."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'자신의 담임교사에게 \"연락처와 사진이 지워졌다\"고 속여 사진을 받아내는 등 치밀하게 범행을 준비한 것으로 조사됐다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"He obtained his homeroom teacher's photographs by telling her that his contacts and photos had been deleted.","causal_attribution":"Investigation finding reported by Munhwa Ilbo only."},{"id":"c4","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"Judge: '반포한 교사 5명의 합성 사진과 영상물에는 피해자의 얼굴이 그대로 드러나 있고 실명, 나이, 학교, 교과목도 명시돼 있다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"Judge: '피해 교사들의 얼굴뿐 아니라 실명, 학교, 휴대전화 번호까지 명시해 반포했다'; '피해자들이 장기간 심리치료를 받는 등 상당한 트라우마를 겪고 있는 점'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"Judge: '피해교사들은 말할 수 없는 충격을 받고 트라우마를 겪고 있으며 A군의 엄벌 탄원하고 있다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'합성물에는 피해 교사의 얼굴뿐 아니라 이름과 나이, 학교, 담당 교과목이 적혀 있었고 일부에는 휴대폰 번호와 인스타그램 아이디도 담겼다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"The distributed images showed the teachers' faces together with their real names, ages, schools, subjects and phone numbers, and the court found the teachers are suffering considerable trauma and receiving long-term psychological treatment.","causal_attribution":"The judge's sentencing remarks as reported by three outlets; phone numbers appear in Munhwa's and Hankook Ilbo's accounts; Hankook Ilbo adds Instagram IDs on some."},{"id":"c5","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'A군은 지역교권보호위원회가 열리기 일주일 전 자퇴해 학교 차원의 별다른 징계 처분은 받지 않았다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'피해 교사들은 올해 1월에야 피해 사실을 인지했으나, A 군은 교권보호위원회가 열리기 전 자퇴해 학교 측의 징계를 피했다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"'ㄱ군은 교권보호위원회가 열리기 전 자퇴해 징계 처분을 받지 않았다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"He withdrew from school a week before the regional teachers'-rights protection committee met and received no school discipline; the teachers learned of the images only in January 2026.","causal_attribution":"The withdrawal is reported by all three; the January 2026 discovery by Munhwa only."},{"id":"c6","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'검찰이 구형한 부정기형 장기 3년6개월∼단기 2년은... 그러나 이날 선고는 검찰 구형에도 미치지 못했다'; the superintendent's pledge.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"'인천교사노동조합은 입장문을 내고... 이번 선고에 깊은 유감을 표한다'; the superintendent: '법적·심리 치료 지원과 함께... 예방교육도 강화하겠다'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The Incheon Teachers' Union expressed regret that the sentence fell below the prosecution's request of 3 years 6 months to 2 years; the superintendent of education attended and pledged legal and psychological support and prevention education.","causal_attribution":"Statements reported by two outlets."},{"id":"c7","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"'22일 인천교사노조에 따르면 교사 A씨 등 2명은 최근 학생 졸업사진 촬영과정에서 학교로부터 함께하자는 요구를 받았다.'; 'A씨 등은 전근 사유를 밝히지 않아 지금 학교는 피해사실을 모르는 것으로 전해졌다. 사정을 밝히지 못한 A씨 등은 결국 사진을 촬영했다.'; 'B군은 A씨 등 교사·학생 11명의 사진으로 성착취물을 제작·유포했으며 16일 장기 2년~단기 1년6개월의 징역을 선고받았다.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"'딥페이크 성범죄 피해 교사 2명이 옮긴 고등학교에서'; '피해 사실을 밝히지 않으면 촬영에 응해야 하고, 거부하려면 피해 사실을 설명해야 하는 분위기 속에서 결국 사진을 찍을 수밖에 없었다고 호소했다'; '이들 교사 2명은 2024년 발생한 10대 A군의 딥페이크 성범죄 피해 교사 5명에 포함된 피해자들이다.'; '사진 촬영과 게재가 교직원의 자율적 선택에 따라 이뤄질 수 있도록 하는 절차를 마련하라'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"}],"assertion":"On 22 September 2026 the Incheon Teachers' Union said two of the five victim teachers in this case, who had transferred to other schools without disclosing the reason, were recently asked by their new schools to join graduation-album photo sessions and took the photographs because refusing would have required explaining the victimisation; the union asked the education office to make staff photo sessions a voluntary choice.","causal_attribution":"The union's statement of 22 September as reported by two separately bylined outlets, each of which ties the two teachers to this sentenced case; Hankook Ilbo frames it as a tip received by the union. Not independently confirmed by the schools."},{"id":"c8","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'등의 말로 촬영 압박을 받았다는 제보가 접수됐다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"'거절 사유를 밝히지 않도록 강제하는 제도망을 갖추도록 요구했다'; '강요 분위기도 일지 않도록 대책을 강구하겠다'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"Hankook Ilbo reports the union as saying the pressure came with remarks such as 'let's leave memories' and 'don't spoil the mood' at the high schools the two teachers had moved to, while Kyeonggi Ilbo attributes such remarks to an atmosphere in some schools generally; Kyeonggi Ilbo also reports the union's demand that reasons for refusal need not be disclosed, and an education-office official's reply that the office would devise measures to ensure thorough consent procedures and prevent a coercive atmosphere.","causal_attribution":"Union and education-office statements as reported by each outlet."}],"effects":[{"label":"teachers and students depicted in AI-composited sexual images distributed with their names, schools and phone numbers; long-term trauma treatment","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"},{"label":"two victim teachers pressed into graduation-album photographs at their new schools because refusing would have meant disclosing the deepfake victimisation (union account, 22 September 2026)","claim_id":"c7","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.newsis.com/view/NISX20260916_0003791674","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean on 2026-09-16 (datePublished 2026-09-16T10:51+09:00; Incheon bureau reporter 이루비; '종합' consolidated report). Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"newsis"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/area/capital/1278039.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean on 2026-09-16 (datePublished 2026-09-16T11:00+09:00). Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"hani"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.munhwa.com/article/11617393","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read in Korean on 2026-09-16 (datePublished 2026-09-16T10:51+09:00). Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"munhwa"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.kyeonggi.com/article/20260922580361","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-23 (Kyeonggi Ilbo, 박기웅, 22 September 2026 15:43; a Daum copy is identical): the Incheon teachers' union's account that two victim teachers were asked to join graduation-photo sessions after transferring. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"kyeonggi-ilbo"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.hankookilbo.com/news/article/A2026092210370000589","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"ko","translation_note":"Read live in Korean on 2026-09-23 (Hankook Ilbo, 이환직, 22 September 2026 14:04): the union's statement of the same day and its demands to the education office. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"hankook-ilbo"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["The AI tool used is not named; the written judgment was not inspected.","The number of people depicted differs between the prosecution's charge description (about twenty, per Newsis) and the court reporting (eleven); eleven is used as the documented minimum.","When the distribution began and ended within 2024 and whether the additional indicted conduct extended later are not stated; the record uses August 2024 with month precision and no end date.","Whether either side appeals, and the outcome of any separate proceedings against the Telegram room operators, are not reported.","Earlier coverage of the arrest or indictment was not inspected; the reported_date is the sentencing coverage.","Korean bodies were read by the model without human bilingual review.","Which schools pressed the two teachers is not reported; the education office said it would devise measures (Kyeonggi Ilbo), and whether graduation-album procedures changed is not reported."],"geography":{"basis":"Event: an Incheon middle school and a taekwondo academy in Incheon (Newsis: '인천의 한 중학교'); victims are Incheon teachers and students; court: Incheon District Court.","court_countries":["KR"],"event_countries":["KR"],"affected_person_countries":["KR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Published under the 2026-09-15 charter as a harmful-artifact case with a criminal judgment: a court found that AI deepfake images of five teachers and six students were made and distributed with identifying details, and described the victims' ongoing trauma. Three separately bylined Korean outlets were read. The defendant is a minor and unnamed in the sources and here; no victim is named; the superintendent, union chair and judge are public officials. Updated 2026-09-23 with the union's report that two victim teachers were pressed into graduation-album photographs at their new schools (Kyeonggi Ilbo, Hankook Ilbo); the two teachers are not named.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-23"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Three outlets report the court's findings that the images were made with AI deepfake (image-compositing) technology and the conviction under the false-sexual-image provisions; the specific tool is not named. The Korean bodies were read by the model; no written judgment was inspected.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Incheon, South Korea: teenager sentenced to up to two years for AI deepfake sexual images of five teachers and six students, distributed on Telegram with the victims' names and schools","summary":"On 16 September 2026 the Incheon District Court sentenced a teenage defendant to an indeterminate term of two years (maximum) to one year six months (minimum) under the Sexual Violence Punishment Act for making and distributing false sexual images, ordered a 40-hour treatment programme and a five-year ban on working with children, and took him into custody in court. As a middle-school student in Incheon in 2024 he had used AI deepfake technology to composite the faces of five teachers, including his homeroom teacher whom he tricked into sending photographs, and six female middle- and high-school students from his taekwondo academy onto nude images and videos, 35 productions in all, and distributed them in Telegram 'acquaintance humiliation' chat rooms with the victims' real names, ages, schools, subjects and, per two reports, phone numbers (Hankook Ilbo adds Instagram IDs on some). The teachers learned of the images only in January 2026; the court said they are receiving long-term psychological treatment. He had withdrawn from school a week before the teachers'-rights committee met, avoiding school discipline. The Incheon teachers' union called the sentence, below the prosecution's request, regrettable.","incidentDate":"2024-08-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-09-16","aiSystem":"AI deepfake image-compositing tools (not named in the inspected court reporting)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Five teachers and six students had their faces composited by AI onto nude images and videos that were distributed on Telegram with their real names, ages, schools, subjects and phone numbers; the court found the teachers are suffering considerable trauma and receiving long-term psychological treatment.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"established","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":11,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"Hankyoreh and Munhwa Ilbo both report 11 people (five teachers and six students) in 35 composites, as found by the court; Newsis reports the prosecution's charge sheet as 'about twenty', which is not used as a count. Eleven is the documented minimum.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"KR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.newsis.com/view/NISX20260916_0003791674","primarySourceLabel":"뉴시스 (Newsis), 16 September 2026, Incheon bureau: sentencing report with the judge's reasons, the superintendent's and the union's statements","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-16T03:16:35.128819+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:16:52.00163+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","south-korea","incheon","teachers","minors","telegram","criminal-sentence","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2026-china-wang-ai-faceswap-defamation","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'2024年4月至2025年1月间，王某甲利用AI软件的深度合成技术，将于某（系化名）等多人的人脸信息与色情图片进行拼接，伪造大量不雅图片'; '多次在境外网站以公开发帖的形式予以散布。'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Between April 2024 and January 2025 Wang used the deep-synthesis technology of AI software to splice the facial information of Yu (pseudonym) and several other people onto pornographic images, forged a large number of indecent images, fabricated 'sexual' topics about them and spread them repeatedly in public posts on overseas websites.","causal_attribution":"The court's account of the facts as published by the Jiangsu High People's Court and relayed by The Paper."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'2025年1月5日，王某甲又将两张AI换脸后面部为于某的裸照和于某有关证件图片发送给王某乙（另案处理），并捏造自己与于某存在性交易的不实信息。'; '后王某乙将上述图片转发至微信群，并在群里声称于某与他人存在性交易，引发群内外大量人员讨论，给于某的个人形象、工作、生活带来不利影响'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"On 5 January 2025 he sent two AI face-swapped nude images bearing Yu's face and images of Yu's identity documents to a second man with a fabricated claim that he had had a sex-for-money transaction with Yu; the second man forwarded them to Yu's work WeChat group and claimed there that Yu engaged in sex-for-money transactions with others, which the court found caused extensive discussion and adverse effects on Yu's image, work and life, seriously lowering Yu's social evaluation and violating Yu's dignity.","causal_attribution":"Court findings relayed by The Paper."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'张家港市人民法院于2025年12月1日作出一审判决，以诽谤罪判处被告人王某甲有期徒刑一年三个月。'; '宣判后，王某甲提出上诉。苏州市中级人民法院依法作出二审裁定，驳回上诉，维持原判。'; '1月27日，江苏省高级人民法院公布2025年度十大典型案例'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The Zhangjiagang People's Court convicted him of defamation on 1 December 2025 and sentenced him to one year and three months' imprisonment, treating his voluntary surrender as mitigation; the Suzhou Intermediate People's Court rejected his appeal; on 27 January 2026 the Jiangsu High People's Court listed the case among its ten typical cases of 2025.","causal_attribution":"Court decisions as published by the High Court and relayed by The Paper; the written judgments were not inspected."}],"effects":[{"label":"the face of a person (pseudonym Yu) AI-swapped onto pornographic images posted on overseas sites and forwarded to Yu's work WeChat group with a fabricated claim of sex-for-money transactions; the court found harm to Yu's image, work, life and dignity","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"http://thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_32473843","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"zh","translation_note":"Read live in Chinese on 2026-09-23 (The Paper, 邱海鸿, 27 January 2026 19:07); relays the Jiangsu High People's Court's 2025 top-ten typical cases publication. The court judgment itself was not inspected. Model reading; no human bilingual review.","independence_group":"jiangsu-high-court"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work","everyday_life","justice"],"unknowns":["The AI software used and the overseas websites.","How many other people's faces were used besides Yu.","The outcome of the separate case against the man who forwarded the images.","Whether Yu obtained civil compensation.","The judgment texts were not inspected; Chinese read by the model without human bilingual review.","Yu's sex and age are not stated in the cited body (于某, 其); earlier uncited reporting described a woman; victim_age_range adult is inferred from the work WeChat group.","Where the events took place and where Yu and the defendant live; the body names only the courts.","The conduct period is stated as ending in January 2025; 5 January 2025 is the last dated act and is used as the end date."],"geography":{"basis":"The Paper's account of the court's findings states no event location or residence for Yu or the defendant; the posts were made on overseas websites and the forwarding was to a WeChat work group. Under the charter a country is not inferred from the court, so event and affected-person countries are left empty as a reviewed unknown. Court: Zhangjiagang Municipal People's Court and Suzhou Intermediate People's Court, Jiangsu, China.","court_countries":["CN"],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Restored under the 2026-09-15 charter as a harmful-artifact case with a criminal conviction: AI face-swapped pornographic images of a person forwarded to their workplace, with court findings of harm to their image, work, life and dignity, as published by the Jiangsu High People's Court and relayed by The Paper (one chain; all claims reported). The original ID and first-publication timestamp are preserved; the sentence and dates correct the historical row; the victim's sex, previously asserted, is not in the cited body and is recorded as unknown. The victim is identified only by a court pseudonym.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-23"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The court found that the defendant used the deep-synthesis technology of AI software to splice the victims' faces onto pornographic images (The Paper relaying the Jiangsu High People's Court). The software is not identified.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Jiangsu, China (Zhangjiagang court): a man used AI face-swap deep-synthesis to splice the faces of a person referred to as Yu and several others onto pornographic images, fabricated 'sexual' stories about them and posted the material repeatedly on overseas websites between April 2024 and January 2025; after two face-swapped nude images of Yu and Yu's ID were forwarded to Yu's work WeChat group with a fabricated claim of sex-for-money transactions, he was convicted of criminal defamation and sentenced to one year and three months (1 December 2025), upheld on appeal and listed by the Jiangsu High People's Court among its 2025 typical cases","summary":"According to the Jiangsu High People's Court's 2025 top-ten typical cases, published on 27 January 2026 and reported by The Paper, a man surnamed Wang used the deep-synthesis technology of AI software between April 2024 and January 2025 to splice the facial information of a person (pseudonym Yu) and several other people onto pornographic images, fabricated a large number of indecent images and 'sexual' topics about them, and repeatedly spread them in public posts on overseas websites. On 5 January 2025 he sent two AI face-swapped nude images bearing Yu's face and images of Yu's identity documents to a second man (dealt with separately) and fabricated the claim that he had had a sex-for-money transaction with Yu; although the second man said he would forward the material to Yu's work WeChat group, Wang did not clarify that it was false or effectively stop him, only deleting the contact. The second man forwarded the images to the WeChat group and claimed there that Yu sold sex, prompting extensive discussion inside and outside the group and, the court found, adverse effects on Yu's personal image, work and life, a serious lowering of Yu's social evaluation and a violation of Yu's dignity. The Zhangjiagang People's Court held that using deep-synthesis technology that ordinary people cannot easily identify to generate indecent images and fabricate sexual topics, spread repeatedly through information networks, was defamation of serious circumstances that seriously harmed social order; taking into account his voluntary surrender, it sentenced him on 1 December 2025 to one year and three months' imprisonment for defamation. The Suzhou Intermediate People's Court rejected his appeal. The High Court described the case as a typical example of punishing online defamation committed with AI.","incidentDate":"2024-04-01","incidentEndDate":"2025-01-05","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"range","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2026-01-27","aiSystem":"AI deep-synthesis ('face-swap') software; not identified in the court's account","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"The face of a person (pseudonym Yu) was AI-swapped onto pornographic images that were posted repeatedly on overseas websites and then forwarded to Yu's workplace WeChat group with a fabricated claim that she sold sex; the court found adverse effects on Yu's image, work and life, a serious lowering of Yu's social evaluation and a violation of Yu's personal dignity. The court's findings are relayed by The Paper; the judgment itself was not inspected.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"established","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"partial","affectedCountEvidence":"One identified victim (Yu, pseudonym) whose images reached her work group; the court states that several other people's faces were also used (于某等多人) without a number. Partial: 1 counted plus unquantified others.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"CN","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"http://thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_32473843","primarySourceLabel":"The Paper (澎湃新闻), 27 January 2026: 利用AI换脸生成不雅照片诽谤他人，男子被判一年三个月","firstPublishedAt":"2026-06-15T06:50:02.798485+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:17:31.844756+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["criminal","deepfake","face-swap","defamation","china","jiangsu","non-consensual-images","conviction","workplace","depicted-or-impersonated"]},{"id":"2024-south-korea-telegram-deepfake-crisis","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1a","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"BBC 3 Sep 2024 confirms Ko Narin's Hankyoreh scoop and describes the school- and university-specific rooms.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Hankyoreh English's own exposure of the military Telegram room (27 Aug 2024).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"Around 26 August 2024 The Hankyoreh (Ko Narin) exposed Telegram rooms creating and sharing AI-generated sexual deepfakes of Korean women and girls, with rooms organized by school and university.","causal_attribution":"The scoop's existence and the rooms' school/university organization are confirmed by the BBC's original reporting and Hankyoreh English's companion investigation; the original Korean article is dead-linked and retained uninspected."},{"id":"c1b","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Room-structure passages: 'humiliation rooms'/'friend of friend rooms', entry terms, the 2,000-member school group.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The rooms ran as 'humiliation rooms' and 'friend of friend rooms' with entry terms demanding at least four photos plus name, age and area, and one group for underage pupils at a single school had more than 2,000 members.","causal_attribution":"Single-chain detail from the BBC's 3 Sep 2024 account; no second inspected chain describes the entry terms or the 2,000-member group."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Police-figure passages: 297 vs 180; 'The victims are often minors and the perpetrators are mostly teenagers'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"Watchdog ~6,500 requests Jan-Jul (4x); 178 suspects booked, 74% aged 10-19; >half of erased deepfakes involved minors.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"Police recorded 297 deepfake cases in January-July 2024 against 180 in all of 2023; the watchdog received nearly 6,500 takedown requests in the first seven months of 2024 (four times the prior year); of 178 suspects booked, 74% were aged 10-19; more than half of erased deepfakes involved minors; victims were often minors and perpetrators mostly teenagers.","causal_attribution":"Both outlets relay the same police and watchdog accounts; traced to one official origin, so the figures are reported rather than corroborated. Figures count cases, requests and suspects, not harmed people."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'more than 900 students, teachers and staff' (education ministry); 'of 964 deepfake-related sex crime cases reported from January to October last year, police made 23 arrests' (Seoul police statement).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"The education ministry counted more than 900 students, teachers and staff victimized between January and early November 2024; a Seoul police statement said that of 964 deepfake-related sex crime cases reported January-October 2024, 23 arrests were made.","causal_attribution":"Single chain (CNN) relaying official figures; the education-ministry count is the record's person-count lower bound."},{"id":"c4","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"Reuters wire via CNN, 26 Sep 2024: possession/viewing criminalized.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"CNN 25 Apr 2025: Sep 2024 law — possession/viewing up to 3 years or 30M won; creation maximum raised 5 to 7 years.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"On 26 September 2024 the National Assembly criminalized possessing or viewing sexually explicit deepfakes (up to 3 years' prison or a 30 million won fine); the maximum sentence for creating deepfake pornography was raised from 5 to 7 years.","causal_attribution":"The statute is a public record carried by two chains (Reuters wire; CNN original). The historical claim of an October 2024 amendment removing the distribution-intent requirement was not re-verified and is recorded as an unknown."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Military IDs turned into deepfake porn': servicewomen called 'military supplies'; at least 30 victims; channel active since 8 Aug with ~850 audience.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"A separate Telegram room degraded servicewomen with deepfakes made from military-intranet ID photos, implying insider involvement, with at least 30 victims across the Army, Navy and Air Force and an audience of about 850 since 8 August 2024.","causal_attribution":"Single chain (Hankyoreh original reporting)."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Heejin passages (pseudonymous victim account).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Ruma passages (pseudonymous victim account).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"Individual victims described severe harm: a pseudonymous school victim 'Heejin' spoke to the BBC, and 'Ruma', targeted in 2021 at age 27, spoke to CNN.","causal_attribution":"Pseudonymous first-person accounts carried by two outlets; the historical record's 'broke my whole belief system' quotation was not re-found in inspected sources and is dropped from the claims."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Korea Herald 16 Nov 2025 relaying the National Office of Investigation figures.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s7"}],"assertion":"By November 2025 the National Office of Investigation reported 3,557 people apprehended for cybersexual violence over the preceding year, with deepfake crimes the largest category (1,553 cases) and about 62% of suspects teenagers.","causal_attribution":"Single chain relaying official figures; apprehension figures count suspects, not victims."}],"effects":[{"label":"mass AI-generated sexual deepfakes of identified women and girls distributed in Telegram rooms","claim_id":"c1a","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpdlpj9zn9go","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (3 Sep 2024; Jean Mackenzie, Seoul). Original reporting: victim 'Heejin', room structure, the 2,000-member school group, the 500+ activist-compiled school list.","independence_group":"bbc"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cg4yerrg451o","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (28 Aug 2024). Yoon cabinet order; police figures attributed.","independence_group":"bbc"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_national/1155588.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (27 Aug 2024). Hankyoreh's own exposure of the military room.","independence_group":"hankyoreh"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.npr.org/2024/09/06/nx-s1-5101891/south-korea-deepfake","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (6 Sep 2024). Watchdog and police figures attributed.","independence_group":"npr"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/26/asia/south-korea-deepfake-bill-passed-intl-hnk","kind":"wire_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (26 Sep 2024); bylined Reuters.","independence_group":"reuters"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://www.cnn.com/2025/04/25/asia/south-korea-deepfake-crimes-intl-hnk-dst","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (25 Apr 2025). CNN original: victim 'Ruma', education-ministry figure, Seoul police statement.","independence_group":"cnn"},{"id":"s7","url":"https://www.koreaherald.com/article/10616925","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (16 Nov 2025; the historical date 2025-11-01 was wrong). National Office of Investigation figures.","independence_group":"korea-herald"},{"id":"s8","url":"https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/society/society_general/1155800.html","kind":"news_report","access":"unavailable","language":null,"translation_note":"HTTP 404 on 2026-09-15. Ko Narin's original Korean investigation (~26 Aug 2024); retained as the historical reference. BBC's 3 Sep 2024 report confirms the scoop; the body was not inspected in this review and its language is not re-asserted.","independence_group":"hankyoreh"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","justice"],"unknowns":["Not re-verified in inspected sources and therefore not claims of this record: the 220,000-member channel figure; 781 victims with 37% minors; Women's Human Rights Institute of Korea 332,341 supported cases; the October 2024 amendment removing the distribution-intent requirement; the Seoul National University graduates' 9-year and 3.5-year sentences; the teachers' union 200-school estimate; the 'broke my whole belief system' victim quotation.","The specific AI tools used are not identified in the inspected reporting.","Ko Narin's original Korean article (hani.co.kr 1155800) is HTTP 404; its contents are known only through the BBC's confirmation and the historical record.","The ScienceDirect study cited by the historical record answered 403 and was not inspected.","Cross-group overlap between police case counts, the education-ministry victim count and watchdog requests is unresolved."],"geography":{"basis":"Events, victims and the responding institutions are all in South Korea (all chains). No court proceeding is verified in this review, so court_countries is [].","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["KR"],"affected_person_countries":["KR"]},"publication":{"basis":"Restored under the 2026-09-15 charter as a harmful-artifact crisis affecting identified women and girls, predominantly minors. The person count is the education ministry's documented lower bound; case, request and membership figures are recorded but never used as person counts. Unverifiable historical claims are preserved as unknowns rather than deleted silently. No death; the death-verification rule is not engaged. Pseudonymous victims remain pseudonymous. In a 2026-09-15 second pass the original compound first claim was split: the corroborated exposure and room organization stand as c1a, and the BBC-only structure details (entry terms, 2,000-member group) stand as reported c1b. person_relations recorded in the same pass.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-15"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Every inspected chain describes AI deepfake tools as the generation mechanism and Telegram as the distribution channel; police and watchdog figures classify the cases as deepfake sex crimes. The specific tools are not individually identified beyond 'AI deepfake/nudify tools'.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"South Korea Telegram AI Deepfake Sexual Abuse Crisis","summary":"In late August 2024, journalist Ko Narin of The Hankyoreh exposed networks of Telegram rooms in South Korea where AI tools were used to turn ordinary photos of women and girls — middle and high school pupils, university students, teachers and servicewomen — into sexual deepfakes, shared with their identities in school- and university-specific 'humiliation rooms'. Police figures showed 297 deepfake cases in January-July 2024 (vs 180 in all of 2023); the education ministry counted more than 900 victimized students, teachers and staff; President Yoon ordered a crackdown; and on 26 September 2024 the National Assembly criminalized possessing or viewing sexually explicit deepfakes. Victims were often minors and perpetrators mostly teenagers.","incidentDate":"2024-08-01","incidentEndDate":"2024-09-26","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"range","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2024-08-26","aiSystem":"AI deepfake generation tools (various)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","aiCompany":"Multiple (various free AI 'undressing' tools)","severity":"critical","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":["minor_exploitation","third_party_harm_facilitation","psychological_manipulation"],"harmOutcomes":["psychological_distress","reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Mass non-consensual AI sexual imagery of schoolgirls, students, teachers and servicewomen, distributed with their identities in Telegram rooms; pseudonymous victims describe severe distress, and police recorded hundreds of cases dominated by minor victims and teenage perpetrators.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":900,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"Lower bound: the South Korean education ministry's count of 'more than 900 students, teachers and staff' victimized (January-early November 2024), carried by CNN's 25 April 2025 report. This counts people reported as victims to the education authorities. Police figures (297 cases; 964 cases) count cases, not people, and are not used as person counts; the watchdog's ~6,500 figures count takedown requests, not people; the 500+ schools figure is an activist-compiled list of targets, not a victim count; channel membership numbers are not counted. Cross-group overlap is unresolved.","victimAgeRange":"minor","jurisdiction":"KR","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpdlpj9zn9go","primarySourceLabel":"BBC News, Jean Mackenzie (3 Sep 2024) — 'Inside the deepfake porn crisis engulfing Korean schools' (replaces the dead Hankyoreh original)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-01-29T09:52:18.956616+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:16:53.809496+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","minor","south-korea","telegram","sexual-images","school","criminal-charges","legislation","mass-scale","non-western"]}]}