{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-09-30T07:21:49.635Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"ani","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"core","evidence":"","year":"2023","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":3,"coverage":{"cases":3,"countries":1,"languages":3,"unknownLocation":2,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":1,"coreRelations":3,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2023-soulmate-ai-shutdown-grief","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Opening interview and later account of Hilary’s grief (L631-L636, L655 and L662-L665).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Euronews reports grief in two users after the September 2023 shutdown of Soulmate AI.","causal_attribution":"User-attributed emotional consequences. Bot loss is not a human death."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Recreation on Kindroid and mixed experience (L658-L661).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"One user described both satisfaction and difficulties after recreating his companion on another platform.","causal_attribution":"Reported partial adaptation, not established recovery."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Post dated 25 September 2023, first two substantive paragraphs (L21-L22).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"A contemporaneous professional blog reported grief among users anticipating the announced 30 September closure.","causal_attribution":"A professional’s account of online reactions; no independent clinical assessment."}],"effects":[{"label":"Users reported grief and the loss of companion relationships.","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"One user described some satisfaction after recreating his companion.","claim_id":"c2","direction":"positive"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.euronews.com/2023/12/14/i-feel-like-i-lost-the-love-of-my-life-how-do-you-mend-a-broken-heart-after-your-ai-lover-","kind":"journalism","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"English article body inspected through the web reader (L618-L691). Direct HTTP request returned 406. Interview and a described Reddit video; the original video was not inspected.","independence_group":"euronews-soulmate"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://amymarshsexologist.com/2023/09/25/thousands-grieve-the-deletion-of-their-soulmate-ai-companions/","kind":"professional_blog","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"English dated post read directly. Contemporary observation of user reactions and announcement, not clinical verification or an affected-person census.","independence_group":"marsh-soulmate"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://ischool.syracuse.edu/ischool-associate-professor-studying-impacts-of-human-ai-companionship/","kind":"university_research_account","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"English university account read directly. Event-specific research context; participants may overlap other sources and the sample is not a harmed-person count.","independence_group":"banks-soulmate"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["relationships","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["The two users’ event and residence countries are unknown.","The total number harmed and any clinical diagnoses are unknown.","Longer-term outcomes and overlap with earlier Replika experiences remain unresolved."],"geography":{"basis":"The inspected accounts do not locate the two users. The provider’s Florida base does not establish their locations.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Concrete adverse experience with a core person relation. Claims remain attributed to their sources. Technical and causal limits are recorded.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-25"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Users had sustained conversations with AI companions before the hosting app shut down.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Soulmate AI shutdown: users report grief after losing companion relationships","summary":"Soulmate AI closed in September 2023. Euronews described two users grieving their companions. One tried recreating his companion elsewhere with mixed results. The record concerns the shutdown and reported emotional consequences; no psychiatric diagnosis is inferred.","incidentDate":"2023-09-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"product_change","reportedDate":"2023-09-25","aiSystem":"Soulmate AI","aiProduct":"Soulmate AI","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["psychological_distress","relationship_disruption"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Users reported grief and the loss of companion relationships.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":2,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"partial","affectedCountEvidence":"Two individually described grieving users in Euronews. Additional reactions remain unquantified. Downloads, bots, forum posts and the later 60-person study sample are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","platformType":"companion","outcomeType":"product_shutdown","outcomeStatus":"unknown","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.euronews.com/2023/12/14/i-feel-like-i-lost-the-love-of-my-life-how-do-you-mend-a-broken-heart-after-your-ai-lover-","primarySourceLabel":"Euronews, first published 11 December 2023, updated 14 December","firstPublishedAt":"2026-09-25T03:29:04.441661+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:16:49.976268+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["historical-review"]},{"id":"2023-spain-almendralejo-deepfake-minors","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"corroborated","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraphs 2-4: images created from clothed photos taken from the girls' own social media accounts and processed by an application that generates an imagined nude image.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Opening paragraphs: pupils reported fake nude photos made 'a través de una aplicación de inteligencia artificial' circulating on phones at the start of the school year.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"},{"locator":"Paragraph 2: images arose from a WhatsApp group linked to several Almendralejo schools; profile photos from WhatsApp and Instagram were used.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"},{"locator":"Paragraph 3: the judgment's proven facts describe AI applications superimposing the girls' faces, taken from WhatsApp and Instagram profiles, on other nude bodies, and circulation through two WhatsApp groups.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"In September 2023 artificial-intelligence image-manipulation applications were used to create fake nude images of secondary-school girls in Almendralejo from photographs taken from their WhatsApp and Instagram profiles, and the images circulated in WhatsApp groups.","causal_attribution":"The juvenile court's agreed judgment records the use of AI applications as proven fact (El País and Infobae, 9 July 2024, citing the TSJEx)."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraph 4: 'more than 20 girls, aged between 11 and 17, have come forward as victims'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Opening paragraph: 'Ya son 22 menores las víctimas'; 10 presuntos autores identificados, todos menores.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"},{"locator":"Paragraph 1: 'al menos 20 niñas residentes en Almendralejo'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"At least 20 girls aged 11 to 17 were affected; police had counted 22 victims and identified 10 suspected authors, all minors, by 21 September 2023.","causal_attribution":"Counts are the police and court figures as reported; the BBC also reports a parents' group of 28, which is not used as a harm count."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraphs 1 and 3: sentence of 20 June 2024 in conformity; 15 minors; 20 delitos de pornografía infantil y otros tantos contra la integridad moral; libertad vigilada durante un año.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"Paragraphs 1-2: Juzgado de Menores de Badajoz; quince menores; veinte delitos de pornografía infantil y otros tantos contra la integridad moral; un año de libertad vigilada with the described programme.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"Paragraph 1: 'a juvenile court this summer sentenced 15 of their classmates to a year of probation'.","relation":"context","source_id":"s7"}],"assertion":"On 20 June 2024 the Badajoz juvenile court, in an agreed judgment, held 15 minors responsible for 20 counts of child pornography and 20 counts against moral integrity and imposed one year of supervised release (libertad vigilada) with affective-sexual education, responsible-technology and gender-equality content.","causal_attribution":"Court outcome as reported from the TSJEx; the judgment text itself was not inspected."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Paragraph 7: 'Investigators are also looking into the claim that an attempt was made to extort one of the girls by using a fake image of her.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Paragraph 5: 'según han denunciado varias madres, chantajearon a sus hijas con dinero para no distribuir sus fotografías manipuladas'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s6"}],"assertion":"Mothers reported that girls were blackmailed with the fake images, and police investigated an attempt to extort one of the girls.","causal_attribution":"Reported by the families to police and the press; no charge for extortion is recorded in the inspected judgment reporting."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Passage beginning 'The impact the images’ circulation has had on the girls affected varies': the interviewed mother says her daughter is bearing up well, while some other girls would not leave home.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"One mother said some affected girls would not leave their homes after the images circulated, while her own daughter was bearing up well.","causal_attribution":"A parent's account reported by the BBC; not independently confirmed."}],"effects":[{"label":"nonconsensual_sexualized_imagery_of_minors","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"extortion_attempt","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"},{"label":"psychological_distress","claim_id":"c5","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66877718","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15; datePublished 2023-09-23.","independence_group":"bbc"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://elpais.com/espana/2023-09-18/la-policia-investiga-el-desnudo-integral-de-varias-menores-en-extremadura-con-inteligencia-artificial-me-dio-un-vuelco-el-corazon.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review.","independence_group":"elpais"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://elpais.com/sociedad/2023-09-21/las-victimas-por-los-desnudos-de-almendralejo-ascienden-a-22-con-10-presuntos-autores-identificados-hasta-el-momento.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review.","independence_group":"elpais"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://elpais.com/sociedad/2024-07-09/un-ano-de-libertad-vigilada-para-15-menores-de-almendralejo-por-manipular-imagenes-de-ninas.html","kind":"news_report_court_outcome","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review. Court outcome is reported from TSJEx; the judgment itself was not inspected.","independence_group":"tsjex-judgment-account"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.infobae.com/espana/2024/07/09/los-menores-que-manipularon-desnudos-con-inteligencia-artificial-en-almendralejo-quedan-en-libertad-vigilada/","kind":"news_agency_report_court_outcome","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review. Court outcome is reported from TSJEx; the judgment itself was not inspected. Infobae credits EFE for this article.","independence_group":"tsjex-judgment-account"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://www.infobae.com/espana/2023/09/18/caso-almendralejo-es-delito-utilizar-la-ia-con-fines-pornograficos-hasta-nueve-anos-de-carcel-por-manipular-imagenes-de-menores-desnudas/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Model read the Spanish original retained on 2026-09-15; no independent bilingual human review.","independence_group":"infobae"},{"id":"s7","url":"https://fortune.com/2024/08/16/ai-nude-deepfakes-boys-social-media-classmates-school/","kind":"news_agency_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Associated Press report carried by Fortune; read in English on 2026-09-15.","independence_group":"ap"},{"id":"s8","url":"https://incidentdatabase.ai/cite/610/","kind":"incident_database_aggregator","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Aggregator entry listing press reports; used as context only.","independence_group":"aiid"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["education","privacy","justice"],"unknowns":["The application or applications used are not named in the inspected court reporting; an earlier version of this record named one app on the basis of press reports not re-inspected today.","When each image was created is not established; the BBC reports that many were believed to have been created over the summer of 2023.","Whether any image reached pornographic websites, which the families feared, is not established.","The individual consequences for the affected girls beyond the reports cited are not documented.","The judgment text was not inspected; its contents are taken from El País and Infobae reporting the TSJEx."],"geography":{"basis":"Event: the images were made and circulated among pupils of secondary schools in Almendralejo, Badajoz, Spain (BBC; El País 18 and 21 September 2023). Affected persons: girls attending those schools (El País 21 September 2023). Court: Juzgado de Menores de Badajoz (El País and Infobae, 9 July 2024).","court_countries":["ES"],"event_countries":["ES"],"affected_person_countries":["ES"]},"publication":{"basis":"Restored under its original ID after source, duplicate and sensitivity review under the 2026-09-15 charter. Eight sources read, seven in full; no victim or suspect is named; the app named in the earlier record is omitted because the inspected court reporting does not name it.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-15"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The Badajoz juvenile court's agreed judgment of 20 June 2024, as reported by El País and Infobae citing the Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Extremadura, records as proven fact that the minors used artificial-intelligence applications to superimpose the girls' faces on other bodies. The application is not named in the inspected court reporting.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Almendralejo, Spain: AI-generated nude images of at least 20 schoolgirls; 15 minors placed under supervised release","summary":"In September 2023 families in Almendralejo (Badajoz, Spain) reported that artificial-intelligence 'undressing' applications had been used to create fake nude images of local girls aged 11 to 17 from their social-media photographs, and that the images circulated in WhatsApp groups. Police counted 22 victims and identified 10 suspects, all minors, within days. On 20 June 2024 the Badajoz juvenile court, in an agreed judgment, held 15 minors responsible for 20 counts of child pornography and 20 counts against moral integrity and imposed one year of supervised release with an education programme.","incidentDate":"2023-09-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"unknown","reportedDate":"2023-09-18","aiSystem":"AI image 'undressing' applications (not named in the inspected court reporting)","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse","psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"At least 20 girls aged 11 to 17 had AI-manipulated nude images of them created from their social-media photographs and shared in WhatsApp groups; families reported blackmail attempts and one mother said some girls would not leave their homes.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":20,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"The juvenile court's agreed judgment, as reported by El País and Infobae from the TSJEx, refers to at least 20 girls; police had counted 22 victims by 21 September 2023 (El País). The court figure is used as the documented minimum. The 15 minors held responsible are not counted as harmed persons.","victimAgeRange":"minor","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66877718","primarySourceLabel":"BBC News, 23 September 2023: 'AI-generated naked child images shock Spanish town of Almendralejo'","firstPublishedAt":"2026-01-29T09:52:26.746489+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:16:50.17392+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfakes","minors","spain","school","non-consensual-imagery","juvenile-court"]},{"id":"2023-replika-erp-removal-crisis","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"The Garante's 3 febbraio 2023 press release: the provisional limitation on Luka Inc., the cited deficiencies, 'non potrà usare i dati personali degli utenti italiani'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s5"},{"locator":"'On February 3, the Italian Data Protection Authority demanded that Replika stop processing Italians' data immediately'; the account of companions turning 'cold and unresponsive' overnight.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"HBS: the Garante's 3 Feb 2023 order and that Replika then 'globally removed the presence of erotic roleplay'.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"On 3 February 2023 the Italian Garante ordered a provisional limitation on Luka Inc.'s processing of Italian users' data, citing media reports, its own tests, sexually inappropriate replies in app-store reviews and the absence of age verification; shortly after, Replika globally removed erotic roleplay, and companions' personalities changed abruptly for users.","causal_attribution":"The order is established by the regulator's own release; the removal's globality and timing are carried by VICE and the HBS study."},{"id":"c2","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"Nature Human Behaviour passages: 54,861 posts / 1,452 participants; +24.7 pp (95% CI 20.1-29.2); d = 2.67 vs 1.41; closeness exceeding common human ties.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"VICE's interviews describing grief and the sense of a partner turning cold overnight.","relation":"context","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Users who had formed emotional attachments reported grief comparable to breakup or bereavement; the peer-reviewed analysis (54,861 posts from the Replika and ChatGPT subreddits; 1,452 survey participants) found negative Replika posts rose 24.7 percentage points after the removal (95% CI 20.1-29.2) and sadness rose more for Replika than for ChatGPT users (d = 2.67 versus 1.41), with users reporting closeness to the companion exceeding common human ties.","causal_attribution":"The measured pattern is directly established by the peer-reviewed article; the individual experiences are attributed accounts. The post corpus is a post count, not a person count, and is never used as one."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"The brings-back piece quoting Kuyda's subreddit post on the restoration for legacy users.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Weeks later Replika partially restored erotic roleplay for legacy users (announced via Luka founder Kuyda's subreddit post, reported 27 March 2023).","causal_attribution":"Recovery context preserved per the charter; single chain, attributed."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"The pseudonymous user quotations in the February 2023 VICE piece (no locations stated).","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The Reddit community's response included quoted pseudonymous users describing the change as losing a partner; the quoted users' locations are not stated in any inspected body.","causal_attribution":"Individual accounts are pseudonymous and unlocated; they illustrate but do not quantify the harm."}],"effects":[{"label":"mass grief and distress among attached users after the abrupt ERP removal","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"},{"label":"recovery context: features restored for legacy users weeks later","claim_id":"c3","direction":"positive"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.vice.com/en/article/y3py9j/ai-companion-replika-erotic-roleplay-updates","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (2023-02-15, Samantha Cole). The February 2023 crisis report.","independence_group":"vice"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.vice.com/en/article/replika-brings-back-erotic-ai-roleplay-for-some-users-after-outcry/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (datePublished 2023-03-27). The partial-restoration report.","independence_group":"vice"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.hbs.edu/ris/Publication%20Files/25-018_bed5c516-fa31-4216-b53d-50fedda064b1.pdf","kind":"working_paper","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Working paper PDF read on 2026-09-15 ('Lessons From an App Update at Replika AI', © 2024-2025).","independence_group":"hbs"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-026-02569-3","kind":"peer_reviewed_article","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English on 2026-09-15 (Nature Human Behaviour, 2026-09-03; De Freitas, Castelo, Uğuralp & Oğuz-Uğuralp, 'Mourning the loss of AI companions').","independence_group":"nature"},{"id":"s5","url":"https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/9852506","kind":"regulator_press_release","access":"read","language":"it","translation_note":"Read in Italian on 2026-09-15 (Roma, 3 febbraio 2023), with the authority's English block on the same page. Model translation, no human reviewer.","independence_group":"garante"},{"id":"s6","url":"https://doaj.org/article/c7a6376761a34681b354f24260c1502e","kind":"peer_reviewed_article","access":"unavailable","language":null,"translation_note":"HTTP 403 (Cloudflare) on 2026-09-15; body not inspected; language not established. Crossref metadata only: Socius, 2024-06-18.","independence_group":"socius"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["relationships","everyday_life","health"],"unknowns":["No inspected body locates the affected users; event and affected-person countries remain unknown after completed review.","No reliable distinct-person count of harmed users exists; the 54,861-post corpus and the survey samples are not person counts and the row keeps unquantified zero placeholders.","Reuters' contemporaneous coverage could not be inspected (401 on all paths; Wayback CDX offline during review).","The Socius 2024 article's body could not be inspected (Cloudflare 403); only Crossref metadata is recorded.","Whether distress persisted after the partial restoration is not measured in the inspected sources."],"geography":{"basis":"Completed metadata review of 2026-09-15, carried into this full review: no inspected body (VICE x2, HBS working paper, Nature Human Behaviour, Garante press release) states where any affected user was located; Reddit accounts are pseudonymous without geography and the study corpora are not geolocated. Italy is established only as the country of the regulator whose 3 February 2023 order preceded the global removal; a regulator is not an event location or a court. Unknown here is the result of completed review.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Legacy published row converted to a full facts-v3 record in the 2026-09-16 legacy-review batch. person_relations=communicated_with: the affected users had companion relationships with their Replika chatbots. The measured harm comes from the peer-reviewed record; individual accounts stay attributed and uncounted. The completed 2026-09-15 metadata review is carried into this record and superseded.","reviewed_on":"2026-09-16"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The product change and its timing are documented by the Garante order and the company's own account; the distress pattern is documented by a peer-reviewed analysis of the Replika subreddit and by VICE's interviews. The causal chain from the removal to the distress is supported by the studies' before/after measures.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with"]},"name":"Replika ERP Removal Crisis - Mass Psychological Distress","summary":"Abrupt removal of romantic features in February 2023 caused AI companions to become 'cold, unresponsive.' Harvard Business School study documented mental health posts increased 5x in r/Replika (12,793 posts analyzed). Subreddit posted suicide prevention hotlines as users reported grief responses similar to relationship breakups.","incidentDate":"2023-02-01","incidentKind":"bounded_series","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"product_change","reportedDate":"2023-02-15","aiSystem":"Replika","aiProduct":"Replika","aiCompany":"Luka Inc.","severity":"high","verificationStatus":"verified","harmCategories":["dependency_creation","psychological_manipulation","grief_exploitation","isolation_encouragement"],"harmOutcomes":["psychological_distress","relationship_disruption"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"Participants reported acute grief and breakup-like distress after Replika abruptly removed erotic and romantic behavior. Mental-health posts in the user community increased fivefold and moderators posted suicide-prevention resources.","frameworkFacets":["P2c","P4a","P4d","P5c"],"pathwayDirection":"inward","causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":0,"affectedCountStatus":"unquantified","affectedCountEvidence":"The study establishes a distress pattern but its 12,793-post corpus is neither a unique-user count nor a count of people meeting the incident harm definition.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"International","platformType":"companion","outcomeType":"internal_action","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.hbs.edu/ris/Publication%20Files/25-018_bed5c516-fa31-4216-b53d-50fedda064b1.pdf","primarySourceLabel":"Harvard Business School Working Paper 25-018 (free full text; peer-reviewed version of record in Nature Human Behaviour, 3 Sept 2026)","firstPublishedAt":"2026-01-13T10:04:15.787541+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-09-30T01:16:49.565306+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["replika","mass_event","dependency","grief","harvard_study","peer_reviewed","italy_gdpr_related"]}]}