{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-10-30T07:02:45.926Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"ai-fabricated-quote","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"contextual","evidence":"","year":"","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":2,"coverage":{"cases":2,"countries":1,"languages":2,"unknownLocation":1,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":1,"minors":0,"coreRelations":1,"contextualRelations":2,"mixedRelations":1,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2026-norway-nettavisen-published-ai-generated-quote-attributed-to-environmental-group-ex-leader-press-council-finds-breach","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'I en artikkel om nye EU-regler for engangsplast i mai 2026 tilskrev Nettavisen'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Framtiden i våre hender har klaget inn Nettavisen for en artikkel om utfasing av ketsjup-poser i plast'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"In an article in May 2026 on new EU rules for single-use plastics, Nettavisen attributed to the organisation's former leader a statement about plastic ketchup sachets that the complaint says she never made.","causal_attribution":"The publication of the fabricated quote, as described from the complaint."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Etter at Framtiden i våre hender reagerte, bekreftet journalisten at sitatet var et «AI-sammensurium».'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"After the organisation reacted, the journalist confirmed that the quote was an 'AI mishmash'.","causal_attribution":"The journalist's own confirmation establishes that the quote came from AI."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Klager mener Nettavisen publiserte et KI-generert sitat uten kildekontroll, og dermed både fabrikkerte en uttalelse og feilaktig tilskrev den en navngitt person.'; 'Organisasjonen hevder også at rettingen og beklagelsen kom for sent, særlig fordi sitatet ble viderepublisert i andre aviser etter at feilen var kjent.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"The organisation complained that Nettavisen published an AI-generated quote without source checks, fabricating a statement and wrongly attributing it to a named person, and that the correction came too late, particularly because the quote was republished in other newspapers.","causal_attribution":"The complainant's case."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Nettavisen erkjente svikt i kildekontrollen, men viste til at sitatet ble fjernet samme dag som redaksjonen ble varslet.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Nettavisen erkjenner brudd på punkt  3.2 og beklager den manglende kildekontrollen'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"Nettavisen acknowledged the failure of source control and apologised, and said the quote was removed the same day the newsroom was alerted.","causal_attribution":"The publisher's response."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Det oppdiktede sitatet ble også publisert i flere andre Amedia-aviser etter at Nettavisen hadde rettet.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The fabricated quote was also published in several other Amedia newspapers after Nettavisen had corrected it.","causal_attribution":"Spread of the AI-generated quote beyond the original article."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'PFU mener publiseringen utgjør et brudd på Vær Varsom-plakatens punkt 3.2 om opplysningskontroll.'; 'PFU mener imidlertid at feilen var for alvorlig til at den raske rettingen kunne veie opp for overtrampet.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"'Nettavisen er felt for å ha publisert et KI-generert sitat uten kildekontroll tilskrevet en navngitt person'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"On 28 October 2026 the press council found that publishing the fabricated quote was a clear breach of point 3.2 of the Code of Ethics and that the quick correction did not make up for it.","causal_attribution":"The regulatory outcome as reported by three outlets covering the same meeting."},{"id":"c7","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"'Nettavisen kan derfor ikke felles for andre avisers manglende retting.'","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The press council said it could not hold Nettavisen responsible for other newspapers' failure to correct their republications.","causal_attribution":"Limit of the finding."}],"effects":[{"label":"a named former leader was publicly credited with an AI-generated statement she did not make, and the quote spread to other newspapers","claim_id":"c5","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.journalisten.no/notice/687494","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"nb","translation_note":"Read in Norwegian (Bokmal) on 2026-10-30; translation by the research agent, an AI. Journalisten news item dated 28 October 2026 reporting the PFU decision and the journalist's confirmation; read on a notices page that also carries unrelated items.","independence_group":"pfu-meeting-2026-10-28"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.m24.no/aftenposten-fremover-lofotposten/nettavisen-felt-for-ki-sitat-enhver-journalist-burde-vri-seg-litt-i-stolen-av-en-sak-som-dette/963559","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"nb","translation_note":"Read in Norwegian (Bokmal) on 2026-10-30; translation by the research agent, an AI. M24 report of the PFU meeting of 28 October 2026 summarising the complaint, Nettavisen's response and committee members' remarks.","independence_group":"pfu-meeting-2026-10-28"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.tv2.no/aktualitet/nettavisen-og-tore-stromoy-felt-i-pfu/19369472/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"nb","translation_note":"Read in Norwegian (Bokmal) on 2026-10-30; translation by the research agent, an AI. TV 2 report of the same PFU meeting, 28 October 2026.","independence_group":"pfu-meeting-2026-10-28"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["everyday_life"],"unknowns":["Which AI tool produced the quote and how the journalist used it.","The exact publication date of the May 2026 article and how many other newspapers republished the quote.","Whether the former leader suffered consequences beyond the false attribution."],"geography":{"basis":"Nettavisen and the other Amedia newspapers are Norwegian publications, and the complaint was decided by the Norwegian Press Complaints Commission. The former leader's country is not stated in the sources, so it is left unknown; the PFU is a self-regulatory body, not a court.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["NO"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a concrete case of AI-generated content making a false claim about a named person: the journalist confirmed the quote was an AI product, it was attributed to an environmental organisation's former leader and republished, and Norway's press complaints commission found a clear breach of press ethics.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-30"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Journalisten reports that the journalist confirmed the quote attributed to the former leader was an 'AI mishmash'; the complaint describes it as an AI-generated quote, and the press council treated it as fabricated. The AI output was a statement attributed to a named real person, which Nettavisen published and other newspapers republished. The AI tool is not named.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["made_claim_about"]},"name":"Norway's press council finds Nettavisen breached press ethics by publishing an AI-generated quote attributed to an environmental group's former leader","summary":"In an article in May 2026 about new EU rules on single-use plastics, the Norwegian news site Nettavisen attributed to the former leader of the environmental organisation Framtiden i våre hender a statement about plastic ketchup sachets that, according to the complaint, she never made. After the organisation reacted, the journalist confirmed that the quote was an 'AI mishmash', Journalisten reports. Nettavisen removed the quote the same day it was alerted, but the fabricated quote was also published in several other Amedia newspapers after Nettavisen had corrected it. The organisation complained to the Norwegian Press Complaints Commission (Pressens Faglige Utvalg, PFU), saying Nettavisen had published an AI-generated quote without source checks, fabricating a statement and wrongly attributing it to a named person, and that the correction and apology came too late. Nettavisen acknowledged a breach of the source-control rule and apologised, but rejected the other alleged breaches. On 28 October 2026 the PFU found that publishing the fabricated quote was a clear breach of good press practice (point 3.2 of the Code of Ethics) and that the quick correction did not make up for it; it did not hold Nettavisen responsible for other newspapers' failure to correct.","incidentDate":"2026-05-01","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"single_interaction","reportedDate":"2026-10-28","aiSystem":"An unnamed generative AI tool that, by the journalist's own confirmation, produced the quote ('AI mishmash') published in Nettavisen's article","aiProduct":"Unidentified AI writing tool","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"A named former leader of an environmental organisation was publicly credited with a statement she did not make, which the journalist confirmed came from AI; the quote spread to other newspapers after the correction, and the organisation complained to the press council.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One person: the former leader to whom the AI-generated quote was attributed. The complaining organisation is not counted as a person; readers are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"NO","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"regulatory_action","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.journalisten.no/notice/687494","primarySourceLabel":"Journalisten, Nettavisen felt i PFU for KI-generert sitat, 28 October 2026","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-30T03:12:49.299911+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-30T03:12:49.299911+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-fabricated-quote","news-media","press-council","misattribution"]},{"id":"2026-author-of-book-the-future-of-truth-acknowledges-synthetic-and-misattributed-quotes-linked-to-ai-research-tools","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Yet a New York Times investigation this week found what Rosenbaum now acknowledges are “a handful of improperly attributed or synthetic quotes” linked to his use of AI tools while researching the book.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"A New York Times investigation found what the author acknowledges are a handful of improperly attributed or synthetic quotes in The Future of Truth, linked to his use of AI tools while researching it.","causal_attribution":"Ars Technica, relaying the Times and the author's acknowledgement."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Tools like OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Anthropic’s Claude were used heavily to gather information, he said ... Those tagged AI-generated notes were then passed on to a fact-checker and two copy editors provided by the publisher, Rosenbaum said.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The author says ChatGPT and Claude were used heavily to gather information for the book, with AI-sourced material tagged in his notes and passed to a fact-checker and copy editors provided by the publisher.","causal_attribution":"The author, interviewed by Ars Technica."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Of the 285 outside citations in the book, six have been identified by the Times as problematic, including three so-called “synthetic quotes” that have no apparent source.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Six of the book's 285 outside citations were identified by the Times as problematic, including three synthetic quotes with no apparent source.","causal_attribution":"Ars Technica, citing the Times."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"These quotes include one that tech reporter Kara Swisher told the Times she “never said” and another that Northeastern University professor Lisa Feldman Barrett said “don’t appear in [my] book, and they are also wrong.” ... Rosenbaum is now working with editors on what he says is a full “citation audit” that will correct future editions.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Kara Swisher told the Times she never said a quote attributed to her, and Lisa Feldman Barrett said quotes attributed to Barrett do not appear in Barrett's book and are wrong; the author is working with editors on a citation audit to correct future editions.","causal_attribution":"Ars Technica, relaying the Times and the author."},{"id":"c5","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"EDITOR's NOTE 5/29/26: After an additional review of an excerpt from The Future of Truth: How AI Reshapes Reality, WIRED editorial leadership has determined that it does not meet our editorial standards. It has been removed.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"WIRED removed an excerpt from the book on 29 May 2026 after an additional review, saying it did not meet its editorial standards.","causal_attribution":"WIRED's own editor's note."}],"effects":[{"label":"a published book carried synthetic and misattributed quotes the author links to AI research tools, leading to a citation audit and correction pledge","claim_id":"c1","direction":"negative"},{"label":"two people to whom quotes were attributed said the quotes were not theirs","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://arstechnica.com/ai/2026/05/ai-put-synthetic-quotes-in-his-book-but-this-author-wants-to-keep-using-it/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-18 (HTTP 200); no translation was involved and no human reviewer read it. Ars Technica (Kyle Orland), published 22 May 2026; it relays the New York Times investigation and quotes its own interview with the author. The Times article was not readable (HTTP 403).","independence_group":"ars-rosenbaum-interview"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.wired.com/story/book-excerpt-the-future-of-truth-steven-rosenbaum/","kind":"other","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"Read in English by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-18 (HTTP 200); the page now carries only WIRED's editor's note of 29 May 2026. The removed excerpt itself was not inspected.","independence_group":"wired-editors-note"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["own_use"],"contexts":["work","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["Which AI tool produced each synthetic or misattributed quote.","Whether a corrected edition has been issued and how many further citations were affected.","WIRED's specific reasons for removing the excerpt beyond its editorial standards."],"geography":{"basis":"The sources read do not state where the book was researched or where the people quoted live; a publisher's or outlet's location is not used. No court proceeding is reported.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case (communicated_with, own use) with a contextual made_claim_about relation: Ars Technica reports that the author of The Future of Truth acknowledged synthetic and misattributed quotes linked to his AI research tools, that two people to whom quotes were attributed rejected them, and that he committed to a citation audit; WIRED removed an excerpt. The Times investigation is relayed by Ars.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-18"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The author acknowledges that the improperly attributed or synthetic quotes are linked to his use of AI tools while researching the book, and says ChatGPT and Claude were used heavily to gather information that was tagged as AI-sourced in his notes. Ars, citing the Times, counts three synthetic quotes with no apparent source; quotes attributed to Swisher and Barrett are among those they reject. Which tool produced each quote is not stated.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["communicated_with","made_claim_about"]},"name":"Author of The Future of Truth acknowledges synthetic and misattributed quotes linked to his AI research tools; two people quoted say the quotes are not theirs","summary":"Ars Technica reported on 22 May 2026 that a New York Times investigation that week found what Steven Rosenbaum acknowledged are \"a handful of improperly attributed or synthetic quotes\" in his book The Future of Truth: How AI Reshapes Reality, linked to his use of AI tools while researching it. Rosenbaum told Ars that ChatGPT and Claude were used heavily to gather information and that AI-sourced material was tagged in his notes and passed to a fact-checker and copy editors provided by the publisher. According to Ars, the Times identified six problematic citations among the book's 285 outside citations, including three synthetic quotes with no apparent source. Tech reporter Kara Swisher told the Times she never said a quote attributed to her, and professor Lisa Feldman Barrett said quotes attributed to Barrett do not appear in Barrett's book and are wrong. Rosenbaum said he was working with editors on a citation audit to correct future editions. WIRED later removed an excerpt from the book, saying it did not meet its editorial standards.","incidentDate":"2026-05-01","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"month","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-05-22","aiSystem":"ChatGPT and Claude, which the author says were used heavily to gather information for the book's research-based chapters (which tool produced each faulty quote is not stated)","aiProduct":"ChatGPT and Claude (reported)","severity":"low","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["reputational_harm"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"A published book contained synthetic and misattributed quotes that its author links to AI research tools; two people to whom quotes were attributed said the quotes were not theirs, the author committed to correcting future editions, and WIRED removed an excerpt, giving only its editorial standards as the reason.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"supported","participantUsersAffectedMin":1,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":2,"affectedCountStatus":"documented_minimum","affectedCountEvidence":"One AI user: the author, who acknowledged the errors and faces a citation audit. Two others: Swisher and Barrett, who each objected to quotes attributed to them. Other people whose quotes may be affected are not named in the sources read, so the count is a lower bound. Readers are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"adult","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"media_coverage","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://arstechnica.com/ai/2026/05/ai-put-synthetic-quotes-in-his-book-but-this-author-wants-to-keep-using-it/","primarySourceLabel":"Ars Technica, 22 May 2026: AI put synthetic quotes in his book. But this author wants to keep using it","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-18T03:12:35.559817+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-18T03:12:35.559817+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["ai-fabricated-quotes","misattribution","book-publishing","chatgpt","claude","fact-checking","made-claim-about"]}]}