{"meta":{"exportedAt":"2026-11-15T08:31:01.112Z","formatVersion":2,"selection":{"q":"actor","system":"","harm":"","context":"","country":"","role":"","relation":"core","evidence":"","year":"2023","response":"","severity":"","verification":"","view":"incidents","sort":"added"},"totalIncidents":2,"coverage":{"cases":2,"countries":1,"languages":2,"unknownLocation":1,"locationPending":0,"unknownLanguage":0,"unknownDate":0,"lawsuits":0,"regulatory":0,"minors":0,"coreRelations":2,"contextualRelations":0,"mixedRelations":0,"unknownRelations":0,"relationPending":0,"relationUnknown":0},"countingNote":"Distinct public cases in this selection. People counts apply within individual cases only; cross-case person overlap has not been resolved. No population incidence estimate.","affectedCountNote":"Interpret person counts with affectedCountStatus and the reported effects. Unquantified zeros are placeholders, not a measured zero.","source":"AI incidents","publisher":"NOPE","url":"https://nope.net/incidents","license":"CC BY 4.0"},"incidents":[{"id":"2023-china-voice-actor-says-ai-clones-of-his-voice-cost-him-bookings-and-led-platforms-to-flag-his-real-recordings","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"The first warning came in 2023, when a friend sent him a four-minute video introducing a Chinese actress in a voice that sounded like his.; hears what sounds like his voice narrating movie explainers he never recorded, reading sports news, promoting products, peddling conspiracy theories, and even swearing in short videos circulating online.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"A voice actor who narrates film-explainer videos on Douyin says that since 2023 voices that sound like his have narrated videos he never recorded, including movie explainers, sports news, product promotions, conspiracy theories and swearing.","causal_attribution":"The actor's account relayed by Sixth Tone; the resemblance is his and his acquaintances' identification."},{"id":"c2","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"he has found sellers offering what sounds like his voice in downloadable packages, as well as editing apps that allow users to select it and generate new recordings.; In one livestream, a presenter demonstrated an app that could generate voiceovers from text in a few clicks. Using a demo voice that sounded strikingly similar to his, the presenter turned a script into a movie explainer narration","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Sixth Tone reports that the actor has found sellers offering what sounds like his voice in downloadable packages and editing apps that let users select that voice and generate new recordings, and describes a livestream in which a presenter used a demo voice strikingly similar to his to turn a script into a movie-explainer narration.","causal_attribution":"Sixth Tone's account. The tools described generate speech from text, which establishes AI generation; that the generated voice was derived from his recordings has not been forensically established."},{"id":"c3","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"Then the bookings began to fall.; By 2024, former collaborators stopped hiring him and turned to AI-generated voices instead. Others offered to use an AI version of his voice at a much lower rate.; Their income no longer covered their living costs","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The actor says that by 2024 former collaborators stopped hiring him and turned to AI-generated voices, others offered to use an AI version of his voice at a much lower rate, and his household income no longer covered living costs.","causal_attribution":"The actor's account relayed by Sixth Tone; no client is named and the share of lost work due to clones of his voice, as against AI voices generally, is not stated."},{"id":"c4","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"For his clients, a mistaken label can mean fewer recommendations, fewer views, and less income.; When platforms flagged his recordings as AI-generated, the videos could be excluded from recommendation feeds, cutting views and earnings.; the more often he has to prove that his own recordings are real.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"From 2025 platforms flagged some of his real recordings as AI-generated, which could exclude videos from recommendation feeds and cut views and earnings for his clients; he has had to record videos proving that he is human.","causal_attribution":"Sixth Tone's account; how the platforms decided to flag the recordings is not described, and one platform agent is quoted assuming the voice was AI because it was so common."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"sometimes asking to borrow money; A few removed their videos; most ignored him. Others responded with abuse.; I go through the same cycle,; First fury, then helplessness, and finally disappointment.; has struggled to sleep and has begun smoking more","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"Friends and relatives who sent him the clips sometimes asked to borrow money on the assumption that he had become rich, uploaders he contacted mostly ignored him and some responded with abuse, and he describes repeated fury and helplessness at hearing the AI version and has struggled to sleep.","causal_attribution":"The actor's account relayed by Sixth Tone; no clinical assessment is reported."},{"id":"c6","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"the defendant sought to transfer the case to a court in another city.; To succeed, he would first need to establish a clear chain of evidence showing that the synthetic voice was derived from his recordings.","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"He took the matter to court; before the first hearing set for 2 July the defendant sought to transfer the case to a court in another city, and Sixth Tone says he would first need to show that the synthetic voice was derived from his recordings.","causal_attribution":"Sixth Tone's account; the defendant, the court and the claims are not identified."}],"effects":[{"label":"lost bookings and income attributed by the actor to AI clones of his voice","claim_id":"c3","direction":"negative"},{"label":"real recordings flagged as AI-generated, cutting clients' reach","claim_id":"c4","direction":"negative"},{"label":"distress, lost sleep, abuse and money requests linked to the clips","claim_id":"c5","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1018753/the-chinese-voice-actor-forced-to-prove-he%E2%80%99s-human","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"en","translation_note":"English feature of 10 July 2026 read in full on 2026-10-22 by the research agent (an AI) (HTTP 200); no translation required. Sixth Tone interviewed the actor and his wife, visited him and quotes lawyers; Chinese-language originals were not looked for.","independence_group":"sixthtone-voice-actor-feature"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["work"],"unknowns":["Which tools, apps and sellers generated or sold the voice resembling his.","Whether forensic voice analysis or a court has found that the synthetic voice derives from his recordings.","How the platforms decided to flag his real recordings as AI-generated.","The defendant, court and outcome of his lawsuit.","How much of his lost work is due to clones of his voice as against AI voices in general."],"geography":{"basis":"The article places the actor's work in a Douyin film-explainer channel and describes his lost bookings in China's short-video and ultrashort-drama voice market; the court in his lawsuit is not named, so no court country is recorded.","court_countries":[],"event_countries":["CN"],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as an ongoing adverse experience: Sixth Tone reports that AI text-to-speech packages and apps generate recordings in a voice resembling a working voice actor's, and the actor attributes lost bookings, lower rates, platforms flagging his own recordings and distress to those clones. The account is attributed to the actor and the forensic question is recorded as open.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-22"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"Sixth Tone reports that voice packages and editing apps let users select a voice resembling the actor's and generate new recordings from text, and describes a livestream in which an app turned a script into narration in that voice. Those AI-generated recordings imitate him, and he says they led former clients to stop hiring him or offer lower rates and led platforms to flag his own recordings as AI-generated. That the generated voice derives from his recordings rests on his and acquaintances' identification; no forensic analysis is reported.","status":"reported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Chinese voice actor says AI clones of his voice cost him bookings and led platforms to flag his real recordings as AI-generated","summary":"Sixth Tone reported on 10 July 2026 that a voice actor in Jiangsu province, who narrates film-explainer videos on Douyin, has found voices that sound like his narrating videos he never recorded since 2023, including sports news, product promotions, conspiracy theories and swearing. According to the report, sellers offer what sounds like his voice in downloadable packages and editing apps let users select it and generate new recordings from text. He says that by 2024 former collaborators stopped hiring him and turned to AI-generated voices, others offered to use an AI version of his voice at a much lower rate, and his household income no longer covered living costs. From 2025, platforms flagged some of his real recordings as AI-generated, which could cut his clients' views and earnings, and he has had to record videos proving that he is human. Friends and relatives asked to borrow money, uploaders mostly ignored his requests and some abused him, and he describes fury, helplessness and lost sleep. He has taken the matter to court; Sixth Tone says he would need to show that the synthetic voice derives from his recordings, which lawyers said could require forensic voice analysis. The account is the actor's, relayed by one outlet; no court finding is reported.","incidentDate":"2023-01-01","incidentKind":"ongoing_experience","incidentDatePrecision":"year","exposurePattern":"repeated_interactions","reportedDate":"2026-07-10","aiSystem":"Unidentified AI voice-cloning and text-to-speech tools, including downloadable voice packages and editing apps that let users select a voice resembling the actor's and generate new recordings","aiProduct":"Unidentified voice-cloning tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["professional_harm","financial_loss","psychological_distress"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"The actor says AI clones of his voice led former clients to stop hiring him or offer lower rates, cut household income below living costs, led platforms to flag his real recordings as AI-generated, and caused fury, helplessness and lost sleep (his account relayed by Sixth Tone).","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"alleged","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":1,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"One voice actor whose voice is reported cloned. His wife's work on the complaints and other voice workers in the article are not counted: the wife's harm is not separately reported as caused by clones of her voice, and the other workers describe different events.","victimAgeRange":"adult","jurisdiction":"CN","platformType":"other","outcomeStatus":"ongoing","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.sixthtone.com/news/1018753/the-chinese-voice-actor-forced-to-prove-he%E2%80%99s-human","primarySourceLabel":"Sixth Tone, 10 July 2026: The Chinese Voice Actor Forced to Prove He’s Human","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-22T03:04:58.68553+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-22T03:04:58.68553+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["voice-cloning","voice-actor","livelihood","workplace-ai"]},{"id":"2023-sevilla-court-conviction-ai-nude-images-three-former-schoolmates-instagram-telegram-app","caseFacts":{"claims":[{"id":"c1","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"En una sentencia dictada el día 1 de octubre tras el acuerdo de conformidad alcanzado ese mismo día entre la Fiscalía de Criminalidad Informática de Sevilla, la acusación particular y las defensas, el juez condena a tres varones por tres delitos contra la integridad moral con la agravante de género","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"les impone a cada uno de ellos un total de nueve meses de cárcel y la prohibición de acceder a las aplicaciones Telegram, WhatsApp, Instagram y Discord por tiempo total de tres años y nueve meses","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"que ya es firme tras el acuerdo entre las partes","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Un juez de Sevilla ha condenado a tres hombres a nueve meses de cárcel y a casi cuatro años de prohibición de uso de las aplicaciones Telegram, WhatsApp, Instagram y Discord por desnudar a excompañeras de clase usando la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) y después distribuir las imágenes por Internet","relation":"supports","source_id":"s2"}],"assertion":"On 1 October 2026 a judge of the criminal section of the Tribunal de Instancia de Sevilla, by conformity agreement, convicted three men of three offences against moral integrity with the gender aggravating factor and sentenced each to nine months in prison and a ban on Telegram, WhatsApp, Instagram and Discord for three years and nine months; the sentence is firm.","causal_attribution":"Directly established by the judiciary's official communication of the sentence; the press reports relay the same communication."},{"id":"c2","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"decidieron obtener imágenes de los perfiles de Instagram” de tres jóvenes que habían sido compañeras de colegio y cuyas publicaciones en la red social estaban configuradas como abiertas y accesibles al público en general","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"manipular dichas imágenes con una aplicación de IA de Telegram “para obtener imágenes que simulaban, con gran realismo, los cuerpos íntegramente desnudos de las tres jóvenes”","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"fueron compartidos entre sí por los tres acusados y el menor de edad a través de la creación de un grupo específico de WhatsApp y de otro de Discord, realizando posteriormente una mayor difusión, más allá de los citados grupos y desconociéndose el alcance de las cadenas de reenvío","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Después usaron una app de IA de Telegram \"para obtener imágenes que simulaban, con gran realismo, los cuerpos íntegramente desnudos de las tres jóvenes\"","relation":"supports","source_id":"s3"}],"assertion":"The court found proven that the three men, in concert with a minor, obtained images from the open Instagram profiles of three young women who had been their schoolmates, manipulated them with an AI application on Telegram to simulate with great realism their fully naked bodies, and shared the files in a WhatsApp group and a Discord group, after which they spread further with unknown reach.","causal_attribution":"Facts the court declared proven in a conformity sentence, as quoted in the judiciary's official communication; the judgment text itself was not inspected."},{"id":"c3","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"enviara sobre las 00,30 horas del día 10 de septiembre de 2023 al perfil de una de las jóvenes afectadas las imágenes manipuladas de las tres mujeres desnudas","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"Una persona no identificada reenvió después las imágenes desde un perfil de Instagram: fue a las 00:30 horas del 10 de septiembre de 2023, al perfil de una de las afectadas","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"At about 00:30 on 10 September 2023 an unidentified person sent the manipulated nude images of the three women from an Instagram profile to the profile of one of the affected women.","causal_attribution":"Proven fact recorded in the sentence as quoted by the official communication and relayed by Moncloa.com."},{"id":"c4","status":"documented","evidence":[{"locator":"conceder a los tres encausados el beneficio de la suspensión del cumplimiento de la pena de prisión impuesta con la condición de que no cometan ningún delito en un plazo de dos años, la prohibición de acceder a las cuatro aplicaciones mencionadas durante el plazo de suspensión y la realización de un programa formativo en educación sexual","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"han procedido a ingresar en la cuenta de depósitos y consignaciones del órgano judicial la totalidad de las cantidades fijadas en concepto de responsabilidad civil, satisfaciendo de forma completa los importes reclamados en concepto de daño moral","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"El magistrado también aplica la atenuante analógica de confesión","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"}],"assertion":"The prison terms were suspended for two years on condition of no new offence, the app ban and a sex-education programme, because the men have no criminal record, the term is under two years and they paid in full the civil liability fixed for moral damage; the court also applied the mitigating factor of confession.","causal_attribution":"Terms of the sentence as stated in the judiciary's official communication."},{"id":"c5","status":"reported","evidence":[{"locator":"ha dictado la primera sentencia condenatoria en Sevilla por el uso de una aplicación de inteligencia artificial (IA) para manipular imágenes de varias jóvenes y obtener, de este modo, imágenes que simulaban los cuerpos íntegramente desnudos de dichas mujeres","relation":"supports","source_id":"s1"},{"locator":"La sentencia, dictada el 1 de octubre y ya firme, es la primera de este tipo en la ciudad por manipulación de imágenes con IA","relation":"supports","source_id":"s4"},{"locator":"la primera condena en España por crear desnudos falsos con IA","relation":"context","source_id":"s4"}],"assertion":"The judiciary's Andalusian communication office described the sentence as the first conviction in Sevilla for using an AI application to manipulate images of young women to simulate nudity; one outlet's headline extends this to Spain, which the official release does not say.","causal_attribution":"Characterisation by the court system's communication office; the 'first in Spain' headline is Moncloa.com's own and is not supported by the official release."}],"effects":[{"label":"AI-made nude images of three young women, built from their public Instagram photos, were shared in WhatsApp and Discord groups and sent to one of them","claim_id":"c2","direction":"negative"}],"sources":[{"id":"s1","url":"https://www.poderjudicial.es/cgpj/es/Poder-Judicial/Tribunales-Superiores-de-Justicia/TSJ-Andalucia--Ceuta-y-Melilla/Noticias-Judiciales-TSJ-Andalucia--Ceuta-y-Melilla/Un-juez-dicta-la-primera-sentencia-condenatoria-en-Sevilla-por-el-uso-de-inteligencia-artificial-para-manipular-imagenes-de-varias-jovenes-y-simular-que-estaban-desnudas","kind":"official_statement","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish body read and translated by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09; no human translator or reviewer read the text. Official news release of the Poder Judicial (TSJ Andalucía communication office), dated Thursday 8 October 2026, summarising and quoting the sentence of 1 October 2026; HTTP 200, fetched directly.","independence_group":"tsja-communication-office-release-2026-10-08"},{"id":"s2","url":"https://www.publico.es/politica/tribunales/tres-condenados-desnudar-excompaneras-clase-ia-mandar-fotos-internet.amp.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish body read and translated by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09; no human translator or reviewer read the text. EFE agency report published by Público on 8 October 2026 (AMP page, HTTP 200), citing TSJA sources and a communication; relays the official release.","independence_group":"tsja-communication-office-release-2026-10-08"},{"id":"s3","url":"https://www.elperiodicodearagon.com/sucesos/2026/10/08/sentencia-pionera-sevilla-tres-hombres-135143127.html","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish body read and translated by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09; no human translator or reviewer read the text. El Periódico de Aragón report of 8 October 2026 (HTTP 200), crediting El Correo de Andalucía and the TSJA communication office; relays the official release.","independence_group":"tsja-communication-office-release-2026-10-08"},{"id":"s4","url":"https://www.moncloa.com/2026/10/08/sentencia-deepfake-sevilla-condena-ia-3444792/","kind":"news_report","access":"read","language":"es","translation_note":"Spanish body read and translated by the research agent (an AI) on 2026-10-09; no human translator or reviewer read the text. Moncloa.com report of 8 October 2026 (HTTP 200) citing the resolution published by the CGPJ; its headline calls the sentence the first in Spain while its body says the first in the city, and only the latter matches the official release.","independence_group":"tsja-communication-office-release-2026-10-08"}],"version":1,"ai_roles":["others_use"],"contexts":["privacy","everyday_life"],"unknowns":["Where the images were made and shared and where the three women live; the sources name only the sentencing court, so the event and affected-person countries are left unknown.","When the images were created and how widely they spread; the court recorded that the reach of the forwarding chains is unknown, and the 10 September 2023 message to one woman is the only dated distribution.","The AI application used (only described as an AI application on Telegram), the ages of the three women at the time, and how the women experienced the images beyond the moral damages the court fixed.","The amounts of civil liability paid and what happened to the minor who took part; the official communication states neither.","Whether this is the first such conviction in Spain: the official release says first in Sevilla, and the judgment itself was not inspected."],"geography":{"basis":"The sentencing court is the Tribunal de Instancia de Sevilla, Spain (official communication, all press reports). No source says where the images were made or shared or where the three women live, so the event and affected-person countries are left unknown rather than inferred from the court's seat.","court_countries":["ES"],"event_countries":[],"affected_person_countries":[]},"publication":{"basis":"Published as a core case on the judiciary's official communication of a firm criminal sentence: a Sevilla court found proven that three men manipulated public Instagram photographs of three former schoolmates with an AI application on Telegram into realistic nude images, shared them in WhatsApp and Discord groups, and that the images were sent to one of the women on 10 September 2023; each man was sentenced to nine months (suspended) and banned from four apps. The convicted men, the minor and the three women are unnamed in every source and in this record. The judgment text was not inspected and the event location is left unknown.","reviewed_on":"2026-10-09"},"ai_involvement":{"basis":"The judiciary's Andalusian communication office, publishing the sentence of 1 October 2026, states that the court found proven that the three men manipulated the women's Instagram photographs with an AI application on Telegram to obtain images that simulated, with great realism, their fully naked bodies, and that these files were shared in WhatsApp and Discord groups and sent to one of the women. The AI-generated nude images are the harm itself: they depict the three women (depicted_or_impersonated), their distribution is the conduct the court punished, and the court fixed moral damages for it. The application is not named, the judgment text was not inspected, and the account rests on the official communication and press reports relaying it.","status":"supported"},"person_relations":["depicted_or_impersonated"]},"name":"Sevilla court: three men convicted of making AI nude images of three former schoolmates from Instagram photos and sharing them; nine months, firm 1 Oct 2026","summary":"A judge of the criminal section of the Tribunal de Instancia de Sevilla convicted three men on 1 October 2026, by a conformity agreement, of three offences against moral integrity with the gender aggravating factor. The court found proven that the three, acting with a minor, took photographs from the open Instagram profiles of three young women who had been their schoolmates, manipulated them with an AI application on Telegram to simulate, with great realism, the women's fully naked bodies, and shared the files in a WhatsApp group and a Discord group, after which they spread further; an unidentified person sent the manipulated images of all three to one of the women's Instagram profiles at about 00:30 on 10 September 2023. Each man received nine months in prison, suspended for two years on condition of no new offence, a ban on Telegram, WhatsApp, Instagram and Discord for three years and nine months and a sex-education programme; they paid the moral damages fixed by the court in full. The judiciary's Andalusian communication office published the sentence on 8 October 2026 and described it as the first conviction in Sevilla for this use of AI. The account rests on that official communication and on press reports relaying it; the judgment itself was not inspected.","incidentDate":"2023-09-10","incidentKind":"single_event","incidentDatePrecision":"day","exposurePattern":"single_interaction","reportedDate":"2026-10-08","aiSystem":"AI application on Telegram, not named, used according to the court's proven facts to manipulate Instagram photographs of three young women so that the images simulated their fully naked bodies","aiProduct":"Unidentified image tool","severity":"medium","verificationStatus":"credible","harmCategories":[],"harmOutcomes":["exploitation_or_abuse"],"harmOutcomeSummary":"The court found proven that realistic AI-made nude images of three young women, built from their public Instagram photographs, were shared in WhatsApp and Discord groups, spread further with unknown reach, and sent to one of the women's own Instagram profile on 10 September 2023; the court fixed moral damages, which the convicted men paid in full, and convicted them of offences against the women's moral integrity.","frameworkFacets":[],"causationStatus":"established","participantUsersAffectedMin":0,"otherPeopleHarmedMin":3,"affectedCountStatus":"exact","affectedCountEvidence":"Three depicted women: the official communication speaks of three young women who had been schoolmates of the accused and of three offences against moral integrity, one per woman. The men used the tool against others, so participant_users_affected_min is 0. Recipients of the images are not counted.","victimAgeRange":"unknown","jurisdiction":"ES","platformType":"other","outcomeType":"criminal_charges","outcomeStatus":"resolved","primarySourceUrl":"https://www.poderjudicial.es/cgpj/es/Poder-Judicial/Tribunales-Superiores-de-Justicia/TSJ-Andalucia--Ceuta-y-Melilla/Noticias-Judiciales-TSJ-Andalucia--Ceuta-y-Melilla/Un-juez-dicta-la-primera-sentencia-condenatoria-en-Sevilla-por-el-uso-de-inteligencia-artificial-para-manipular-imagenes-de-varias-jovenes-y-simular-que-estaban-desnudas","primarySourceLabel":"Poder Judicial (TSJ Andalucía), 8 Oct 2026: first conviction in Sevilla for using AI to manipulate images of young women to simulate nudity","firstPublishedAt":"2026-10-09T03:29:00.303654+00:00","updatedAt":"2026-10-09T03:29:00.303654+00:00","scopeVersion":"facts-v3","tags":["deepfake","non_consensual_intimate_imagery","telegram","instagram","discord","criminal_conviction","spain","court_ruling"]}]}